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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Info About Cells |
1. Contain, use and receive info 2. Are bounded by a plasma membrane. 3. Obtain and use energy from the environment. |
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Types of Cells |
1. Prokaryotes 2. Eukaryotes 3. Ratio is 10:1 |
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Scientific Method |
1. Observation 2. Hypothesis 3. Prediction 4. More observation 5. Theory |
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Atoms |
1. Organisms are made of molecules 2. Molecules are made of atoms. 3. Elements are groups of atoms of the same type. |
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Atomic # |
# of protons |
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Atomic Mass |
# of protons + neutrons |
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Isotope |
atoms of an element with different # of neutrons (protons determine element and neutrons determine the isotope.) |
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Electrons |
1. Travel in an energy level or "shell" 2. Valence electrons determines the atom's chemical activity. |
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Ions |
Cations: ions with a net + charge Anions: ions with a net - charge. |
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Periodic Table |
1. Columns = elements with similar properties 2. Rows = # of shells 3. Elements in order of increasing number of protons. |
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Chemical Basis of Life |
1. Organisms are mostly C, H, N, O, P, and S |
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Types of Bonds |
1. Molecule: 2 or more atoms bonded together. 2. Compound: molecule containing 2 or more elements. |
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Covalent Bonds |
1. Strong Bonds 2. Share 1 or more pairs of electrons 3. Polar: electrons are not shared equally and are formed by differences in EN. |
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Hydrogen |
1. A H atom in a polar molecule attracts an electronegative atom in another polar molecule. 2. Polar molecules like to interact and for H bonds. 3. Individual H bonds are weak but many H bonds are strong. |
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Ionic Bonds |
1. has change in EN to be 2.0 - 3.3 2. High EN attracts low EN 3. Opposites attract. |
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Water |
1. Has a charge distribution across the molecule. 2. H bonds form between water and molecules. 3. Water molecules are attracted to each other (cohesion) and other molecules (adhesion) 4. Hydrophillic: like to interact with water. (polar) 5. Hydrophobic: don't like to interact with water( nonpolar) |
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pH |
-log[H+] acids release H+ Bases pick up H+ pH < 7 is acidic pH > 7 is basic |
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Organic Molecules |
1. Proteins 2. Nucleic Acids 3. Carbs 4. Lipids |
