Bio Ch.5

Front 1

Darwin and Wallace were the first men to:

Back 1

Offer natural selection as a mechanism of evolution

Front 2

The early Earth reducing atmosphere is thought to have lacked which of the following gases?

Back 2

O2

Front 3

Study of the origin of life has resulted in the breakdown of cellular development into overlapping stages, beginning with the synthesis of precursor molecules for the synthesis of nucleotides and amino acids and ending in polymers enclosed in membranes acquiring cellular properties. Which of these stages were a focus of study for Miller and Urey in their FIRST experiment?

Back 3

Stage 1: Nucleotides and amino acids were produced prior to the existence of cells.

Front 4

The major opposition to the extraterrestrial hypothesis is...

Back 4

Most organic carbon molecules would have been destroyed while falling through Earth's atmosphere.

Front 5

Protobionts are thought to be the first nonliving structures that evolved into living cells. A critical characteristic of a protobiont that is found in both modern day prokaryotes and eukaryotes is:

Back 5

A boundary membrane that separates external from internal environments.

Front 6

The term evolution describes:

Back 6

Heritable changes in characteristics of a population from one generation to the next.

Front 7

An important message from the work of Thomas Malthus that influenced Charles Darwin was:

Back 7

Only a fraction of any population will survive and reproduce.

Front 8

The Hardy-Weinberg equation stats that p2+2pq+q2 = 1; the genotype frequency of heterozygotes is represented by

Back 8

2pq

Front 9

Below is a list of phenomenon that can occur in a population, which of these would violate the conditions for the Hardy-Weinberg equation?

A. The population is large.

B. Mating is nonrandom.

C. Migration does not occur between different populations.

D. Natural selection is not occurring. E. No new mutations arise.

Back 9

B. Mating is nonrandom

Front 10

What would be the frequency of pink flowers in a population where the allele frequency of CR is 0.4 and the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? Assume that CR CR is red, CRCW is pink, and CwCw is white.

A. 0.04 or 4%

B. 0.16 or 16%

C. 0.2 or 20%

D. 0.8 or 80%

E. 0.48 or 48%

Back 10

0.48 or 48%

Front 11

White coat color is recessive to black coat color in mice. If by molecular analysis you observe that the recessive allele is present at a frequency of 25% in a population of mice, what do you predict the frequency of the dominant allele to be in this population?

A. 0.94

B. 0.25

C. 0.56

D.0.38

E. 0.75

Back 11

0.75

Front 12

Define prezygotic

Back 12

Before fertilization of egg

Front 13

Define: Cladogenesis

Back 13

Creating branches

Front 14

Define: Allopatric speciation

Back 14

Geographic isolation

Front 15

Define adaptive radiation

Back 15

Single species evolves into many descendants that differ in habitat, form, or behavior

Front 16

Define Hybird zones

Back 16

Where populations can interbreed

Front 17

Define sympatric speciation

Back 17

No physical barriers

Front 18

A group of individuals that can interbreed in nature and produce viable offspring would be considered to be a species according to the:

Back 18

Biological species concept

Front 19

During spring time in Maine, male moose often enter a cow pasture and begin calling to the female cows. The moose may even try to mount the female but the male genitalia do not fit properly inside the female genitalia. This is an example of

Back 19

Mechanical isolation

Front 20

If goats are crossed with sheep, embryos will form but cease development and spontaneously abort. This is an example of:

Back 20

Hybrid inviability

Front 21

Approximately 3.5 million years ago the Isthmus of Panama formed. This new landmass severed the connection between the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea. An ancestral fish population (porkfish) was split in two by this event; the two populations no longer interbreed and are two distinct species. This type of speciation is called:

Back 21

Allopatric speciation

Front 22

Sympatric speciation differs from allopatric speciation because the sympatric speciation:

Back 22

Temporal factors may arise without geographic isolation occurring and polyploidy may arise

Front 23

The phenomenon in which one region of the body grows faster than another among different species is called...

Back 23

Paedomorphosis