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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Growth hormone (GH)
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Originates: Pituitary Gland
Stimulated by: GHRH release, triggered by low blood levels of GH Inhibited by: Feedback inhibition from GH and IGFs Target organ/effects: Liver, muscle, bone, cartilage, other tissues, anabolic hormone, stiumulates somatic growth, mobilizes fats, spares, glucose Hyposecretion: Pituitary dwarfism in children Hypersecretion: Gigantism in children; acromegaly in adults |
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Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
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Originates: Pituitary Gland
Stimulated by:TRH and indirectly by pregnancy Inhibited by: Feedback inhibition from TH on anterior pituitary, hypothalamus, and GHIH Target organ/effects: Thyroid gland, stimulates thyroid gland to release thyroid hormone Hyposecretion:Cretinism in children; myxedema in adults Hypersecretion: Hyperthyroidism, effects similar to Graves disease, antibodies mimic TSH |
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Adenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
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Originates: Pituitary Gland
Stimulated by: CRH, stimuli that increase CRH include fever, hypoglycemia, other stressors Inhibited by: feedback inhibition exerted by glucocorticoids Target organ/effects: Adrenal cortex, promotes release of glucocorticoids and adrogens (mineralcorticoids to a lesser extent) Hyposecretion: Rare Hypersecretion: Cushing's disease |
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Folicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
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Originates: Pituitary Gland
Stimulated by: GnRH Inhibited by: feedback inhibition exerted by inhibin and estrogen in females/testosterone in males Target organ/effects: Ovaries and testes; in females stimulates ovarian follicle maturation and estrogen production; in males stimulates sperm production Hyposecretion: Failure of sexual maturation Hypersecretion: No important effects |
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Lutenizing hormone (LH)
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Originates: Pituitary Gland
Stimulated by: GnRH Inhibited by: feedback inhibition exerted by estrogen and progesterone in females and testosterone in males Target organ/effects: Ovaries and testes; in females triggers ovulation and stimulates ovarian production of estrogen and progesterone, in males, promotes testosterone production Hyposecretion: Failure of sexual maturation Hypersecretion: No important effects |
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Prolactin (PRL)
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Originates: Pituitary Gland
Stimulated by:decreased PIH and increased PRH, release enhanced by estrogens, birth control pills, breast-feeding, and dopamine-blocking drugs Inhibited by: PIH (dopamine) Target organ/effects: Breast secretory tissue; promotes lactation Hyposecretion: Poor milk production in nursing women Hypersecretion: Inappropriate milk production (galactorrhea), cessation of menses in females, impotence and breast enlargement (gynecomastia) in males |
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Oxytocin
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Originates: Pituitary Gland
Stimulated by:impulses from hypothalmic neurons in respones to cervical/uterine stretching and suckling of infant at breast Inhibited by: Lack of appropriate stimuli Target organ/effects: Uterus: stimulates uterine contractions, initiates labor, Breast: initiates milk ejection Hyposecretion: Unknown Hypersecretion: Unknown |
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Antidiuretic hormone (ADH/vasopressin)
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Originates: Pituitary Gland
Stimulated by: impulses from hypothalamic neurons in response to increased osmolality of blood or decreased blood volume; also stimulated by pain, some drugs, low blood pressure Inhibited by: adequate hydration of the body and by alcohol Target organ/effects: Kidneys; stiumulated kidney tubule cells to reabsorb water Hyposecretion: Diabetes insipidus Hypersecretion: Syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH) |
