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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Heredity |
Passing on of traits to the next generation |
Next generation |
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DNA |
Thin molecule that contains the information needed to direct a cell's activities and determine characteristics |
Recipe |
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Chromosomes |
Rod shapes structures that form a single DNA molecule and it's associated proteins tightly coiled before cell division |
Coiled |
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Sister chromatids |
A chromosome and it's copy joined at the Centromere |
Joined |
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Binary fission |
A form of sexually reproduction used by bacteria the DNA is copied and separated into 2 cells each new cell is identical to its original cell |
Bacteria reproduction |
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Growth |
Cell division resulting in an increase in size of organism |
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Homologous chromosomes |
Chromosomes that have the same gene in the same position on a pair of chromosomes one from each parent |
Gene |
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Karyotype |
A display of all the chromosomes found in one cell |
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Autosomes |
22 pairs of chromosomes that are the same for both male and female humans |
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Nondisjunction |
One or more chromosomes fail to separate properly during meiosis |
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Down syndrome |
Trisomy 21 there is an extra 21 chromosome |
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Interphase |
All these happen during interphase but are not very viable in the cell the cell grows and prepares to divide G1: growth phase S1: DNA is copied G2: preparation for mitosis |
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Mitosis |
The entire process of cell division |
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Prophase |
DNA shortens and thickens (coils) into chromosomes thee nuclear membrane dissappear the nucleus disappears |
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Metaphase |
The sister chromatids line up on the cells equator Centrioles form the spindle apparatus which line up and pull apart the chromatids |
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Anaphase |
The sister chromatids begin to separate from each other They are pulled apart to opposite ends of the cell |
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Telophase |
The nuclear membrane reforms around the new daughter nuclei the spindle breaks down Chromosomes begin to uncoil |
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Cleavage furrow |
Begins as a shallow ravine in the cells surface and pinches the cell into 2 new cells |
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Sexually reproduction |
Hapliod gametes (egg and sperm) fuse forming a diploid zygote |
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Gametes |
Egg or sperm only have 23 chromosomes in humans |
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Meiosis |
The mechanism that halves the number of chromosomes by using 2 nuclear divisions |
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Meiosis 1 |
Reduction division 2 cells reproduce with1/2 the number of chromosomes |
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Meiosis 2 |
Similar to mitosis Chromatids are seperated |
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Crossing over |
Homologous chromosomes meet to exchange genetic material between non sister chromatids |
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