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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does a tRNA do?
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tRNAs carry amino acids during translation
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What end of a tRNA is an amino acid attached to?
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3' end
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Name the 4 RNA binding sites
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-mRNA binding site
-A site -P site -E site |
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Where does translation occur?
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ribosomes
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Ancestors of plants
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multicellular green algae
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shared features of plants (4)
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-chloroplasts with similar photosynthetic pigments
-cell walls containing cellulose -main storage polysaccharide is starch -molecular features |
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different features of plants (2)
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-algae adapted to acuatic environment
-plants adapted to terrestrial environment |
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key adaptations to life on land (4)
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-obtaining resources from 2 locations
-supporting the plant body -maintaining moisture -reproducing on land |
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main problem for terrestrial plants?
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dissication
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when were land plants (bryophites) first present?
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475 MYA
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origin of vascular plants?
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420mya
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origin of seed plants
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360mya
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what does xylem transport
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Water and minerals
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what does phloem transport
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nutrients
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when was the emergence of flowering plants
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140mya
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Describe for MONOCOTS:
1) # cotyledons 2) Leaf veins 3) Stems 4) flowers 5) roots |
1) 1
2) parallel 3) Complex arrangement 4) multiples of 3 5) fibrous |
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Describe for DICOTS:
1) # cotyledons 2) Leaf veins 3) Stems 4) flowers 5) roots |
1) 2
2) branched 3) ring 4) multiples of 4, 5 5) taproot |
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2 systems of plant body
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Roots, shoots
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3 organs of plant system
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roots, stems, leaves
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How are the stolons modified?
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run above ground surface
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How are rhizomes special stems?
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they are horizontal stems that grow underground
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Describe the specialization of tubers
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they are specialized for food storage
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-most abundant cell type
-alive when mature -only thin primary wall -food storage, photosynthesis, aerobic respiration |
parenchyma cells
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-living cells, elongated
-only primary wall that is unevenly thickened -support |
collenchyma cells
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-rigid secondary cell wall with lignin
-dead at maturity -support -fibre -sclereid |
sclerenchyma
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-rigid secondary walls with lignin
-dead when mature -support -in xylem |
tracheids and vessel elements
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-thin primary walls, no secondary walls
-alive when mature, but lose most organelles -metabolic support in phloem |
sieve-tube members
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3 types of plant tissue
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dermal tissue
ground tissue vascular tissue |
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mesophyll
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ground tissue
facilitates gas exchange and photosynthesis |
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what is bulk flow?
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movement of a fluid driven by pressure
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What kind of pressure is used in phloem?
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hydrostatic pressure
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What kind of pressure is used in xylem
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root pressure and negative pressure
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Describe the transpiration-cohesion-tension mechanism
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-water moves down a potential gradient
-water column in xylem is under tension -weight of water column is supported by cohesion among water molecules and adhesion to the xylem walls. |
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What drives the TCT process?
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as water evaporates from the leaves, the water column is pulled up.
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What happens in high turgor?
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Stomata open
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What happens in low turgor?
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Stomata close
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3 Factors plants sense to regulate stomatal opening:
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-CO2 in leaf
-light -water stress |
