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105 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Which of the following is found in eukaryotic cells but not in prokaryotic cells? |
Endoplasmic reticulum |
|
Human plasma cells secrete large amounts of antibody proteins. You would expect plasma cells to have many |
Ribosomes attached to the rough ER |
|
Which of the following would NOT be found outside of animal cells? |
Actin |
|
Which of the following statements are true of the nucleus? |
Ribosomal RNAs are manufactured in the nucleolus of the nucleus And The nuclear envelope is composed of single phospholipid bilayer with associated proteins |
|
Myosin is an example of a ________ and interacts with actin filaments in functions such as muscle contraction and cell division |
Microfilament |
|
Molecular zip codes direct molecules to particular destinations in the cell. How are these signals read? |
The bond to motor proteins |
|
What is the most likely pathway taken by a newly synthesized protein that will be secreted by a cell? |
ER —> Golgi —> vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane |
|
What is the major difference between the extracellular layers of a plant cell and the extracellular matrix (ECM) of an animal cell? |
Plant extracellular laters are primarily carbohydrate in nature, whereas animal ECM is mainly proteins |
|
Integrins are integral membrane proteins that are often attached to |
Cytoskeletal proteins and proteins in the extracellular matrix |
|
Plasmodesmata in plant cells are most similar in function to which of the following structures in animal cells? |
Gap junctions |
|
Is the primary cells wall inside or outside the secondary cell wall? |
Outside |
|
Estrogen is a lipid soluble steroid hormone secreted by the endocrine glands into the blood stream. When estrogen binds to its receptor it activates gene expression in targeted cells. The estrogen receptor is located |
In the nucleus or cytoplasm |
|
A cell with membrane bound proteins that selectively bind a specific hormone is called that hormone’s |
Target cell |
|
Which of the following is a statement of the first law of thermodynamics? |
Energy cannot be created or destroyed |
|
Which of the following is an example of potential rather than kinetic energy? |
A photon exciting an electron to a position of higher energy than the ground state |
|
The mathematical expression for the change in free energy of a system is G = H - TS Which of the following is not a correct statement? |
T is the temperature in degrees Celsius |
|
Which of the following is TRUE for all exergonic reactions? |
The reaction proceeds with a net release of free energy |
|
During photosynthesis, the transfer of electrons from water for the electron transport chain of chloroplasts yields oxygen. Specific molecules of the transport chain receive those electrons in a _________ reaction |
Reduction |
|
The rate of enzymatic activity can be regulated by ________ while the function is generally governed by _________ |
Temperature; substrate |
|
Why is ATP an important molecule in metabolism? |
Its terminal phosphate group contains a strong covalent bond that, when hydrolyzed, releases free energy |
|
Catabolic pathways ___________ |
Supply energy, primarily in the form of ATP, for the cell’s work |
|
The molecule that functions as the reducing agent (electron donor) in a redox reaction |
Loses electrons and loses potential energy |
|
Which of the following is TRUE when comparing an uncatalyzed reaction to the same reaction with a catalyst |
The catalyze reaction will have the same G |
|
According to the induced fit hypothesis of enzyme catalysis |
The binding of the substrate changes the shape of the enzyme’s active site |
|
Where would you find an enzyme from a human stomach where conditions are strongly acidic? |
Low pH and around 38 degrees Celsius |
|
The glucose molecule has a large quantity of energy in its |
C-H bonds |
|
In addition to ATP, what are the end products if glycolysis? |
NADH and pyruvate |
|
Substrate level phosphorylation occurs in glycolysis when |
ADP is phosphorylated to produce ATP |
|
Glycolysis is activated when cellular energy levels are __________; the regulatory enzyme, phosphofructokinase, is ____________ by ATP |
Low; inhibited |
|
Following glycolysis and the citric acid cycle, but before the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation, the carbon skeleton of glucose has been broken down to CO2 with some net gain of ATP. Most of the energy from the original glucose molecule at that point in the process, however, is in the form of ________ |
NADH |
|
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is released during which of the following stages of cellular respiration? |
Oxidation if pyruvate to acetyl CoA and the citric acid cycle |
|
The primary role of oxygen in cellular respiration is to _____ |
Act as an acceptor for electrons and hydrogen, forming water |
|
If radioactive sugar were fed to a mouse, the radioactivity would progress along which of the following paths? |
Sugar to pyruvate to citric acid cycle to carbon dioxide |
|
Why are fermentation reactions important for cells? |
The regenerate NAD+ so that glycolysis can continue to operate |
|
Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration? |
Photosynthesis stores energy in complex organic molecules; respiration releases energy from complex organic molecules |
|
What wavelengths of light are most effective in driving photosynthesis according to the graph? |
420 mm |
|
What wavelength of light should be used to maximize plant growth with a minimum of energy expenditure? According to graph |
A mixture of blue and red light |
|
In autumn, the leaves of deciduous tree change colors. This is because chlorophyll is degraded and ________ |
Carotenoids and other pigments are still present in the leaves |
|
What event accompanies energy absorption by chlorophyll (or other pigment molecules of the antenna complex)? |
An electron is excited and resonates energy to adjacent pigment molecules |
|
Which of the following are products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin cycle? |
ATP and NADPH |
|
Which of the following are products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin cycle? |
ATP and NADPH |
|
When oxygen is released as a result of photosynthesis it is a direct byproduct of |
the electron transfer system of photosystem II |
|
Which of the following are products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin cycle? |
ATP and NADPH |
|
When oxygen is released as a result of photosynthesis it is a direct byproduct of |
the electron transfer system of photosystem II |
|
Electrons from photosystem I ate used to produce NADPH. These electrons are replaced by electrons from |
Photosystem II |
|
Which of the following are products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin cycle? |
ATP and NADPH |
|
When oxygen is released as a result of photosynthesis it is a direct byproduct of |
the electron transfer system of photosystem II |
|
Electrons from photosystem I ate used to produce NADPH. These electrons are replaced by electrons from |
Photosystem II |
|
Where do the enzymatic reactions of the Calvin Cycle take place? |
Stroma is the choloroplast |
|
Which of the following are products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin cycle? |
ATP and NADPH |
|
When oxygen is released as a result of photosynthesis it is a direct byproduct of |
the electron transfer system of photosystem II |
|
Electrons from photosystem I ate used to produce NADPH. These electrons are replaced by electrons from |
Photosystem II |
|
Where do the enzymatic reactions of the Calvin Cycle take place? |
Stroma is the choloroplast |
|
In a plant cell, where are the ATP synthase complexes located? |
Thylakoids membrane and inner mitochondrial membrane |
|
Which of the following are products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin cycle? |
ATP and NADPH |
|
When oxygen is released as a result of photosynthesis it is a direct byproduct of |
the electron transfer system of photosystem II |
|
Electrons from photosystem I ate used to produce NADPH. These electrons are replaced by electrons from |
Photosystem II |
|
Where do the enzymatic reactions of the Calvin Cycle take place? |
Stroma is the choloroplast |
|
In a plant cell, where are the ATP synthase complexes located? |
Thylakoids membrane and inner mitochondrial membrane |
|
RUBISCO is an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction involving the following substrate molecule(s) |
RuBp (a five carbon sugar) and CO2 |
|
Which of the following are products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin cycle? |
ATP and NADPH |
|
When oxygen is released as a result of photosynthesis it is a direct byproduct of |
the electron transfer system of photosystem II |
|
Electrons from photosystem I ate used to produce NADPH. These electrons are replaced by electrons from |
Photosystem II |
|
Where do the enzymatic reactions of the Calvin Cycle take place? |
Stroma is the choloroplast |
|
In a plant cell, where are the ATP synthase complexes located? |
Thylakoids membrane and inner mitochondrial membrane |
|
RUBISCO is an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction involving the following substrate molecule(s) |
RuBp (a five carbon sugar) and CO2 |
|
Reactant of the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis |
H2O |
|
Which of the following are products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin cycle? |
ATP and NADPH |
|
When oxygen is released as a result of photosynthesis it is a direct byproduct of |
the electron transfer system of photosystem II |
|
Electrons from photosystem I ate used to produce NADPH. These electrons are replaced by electrons from |
Photosystem II |
|
Where do the enzymatic reactions of the Calvin Cycle take place? |
Stroma is the choloroplast |
|
In a plant cell, where are the ATP synthase complexes located? |
Thylakoids membrane and inner mitochondrial membrane |
|
RUBISCO is an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction involving the following substrate molecule(s) |
RuBp (a five carbon sugar) and CO2 |
|
Reactant of the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis |
H2O |
|
Product of cyclic electron transfer flow in the light dependent reactions |
ATP |
|
Which of the following are products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin cycle? |
ATP and NADPH |
|
When oxygen is released as a result of photosynthesis it is a direct byproduct of |
the electron transfer system of photosystem II |
|
Electrons from photosystem I ate used to produce NADPH. These electrons are replaced by electrons from |
Photosystem II |
|
Where do the enzymatic reactions of the Calvin Cycle take place? |
Stroma is the choloroplast |
|
In a plant cell, where are the ATP synthase complexes located? |
Thylakoids membrane and inner mitochondrial membrane |
|
RUBISCO is an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction involving the following substrate molecule(s) |
RuBp (a five carbon sugar) and CO2 |
|
Reactant of the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis |
H2O |
|
Product of cyclic electron transfer flow in the light dependent reactions |
ATP |
|
Product of the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis |
NADPH |
|
Which of the following are products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin cycle? |
ATP and NADPH |
|
When oxygen is released as a result of photosynthesis it is a direct byproduct of |
the electron transfer system of photosystem II |
|
Electrons from photosystem I ate used to produce NADPH. These electrons are replaced by electrons from |
Photosystem II |
|
Where do the enzymatic reactions of the Calvin Cycle take place? |
Stroma is the choloroplast |
|
In a plant cell, where are the ATP synthase complexes located? |
Thylakoids membrane and inner mitochondrial membrane |
|
RUBISCO is an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction involving the following substrate molecule(s) |
RuBp (a five carbon sugar) and CO2 |
|
Reactant of the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis |
H2O |
|
Product of cyclic electron transfer flow in the light dependent reactions |
ATP |
|
Product of the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis |
NADPH |
|
Reactant of the carbon fixation phase of the Calvin cycle (light independent reactions of photosynthesis) |
RUBP, a 5 carbon molecule |
|
Which of the following are products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin cycle? |
ATP and NADPH |
|
Product of the Calvin cycle which is a precursor to glucose |
G3P, a 3 carbon molecule |
|
When oxygen is released as a result of photosynthesis it is a direct byproduct of |
the electron transfer system of photosystem II |
|
Electrons from photosystem I ate used to produce NADPH. These electrons are replaced by electrons from |
Photosystem II |
|
Where do the enzymatic reactions of the Calvin Cycle take place? |
Stroma is the choloroplast |
|
In a plant cell, where are the ATP synthase complexes located? |
Thylakoids membrane and inner mitochondrial membrane |
|
RUBISCO is an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction involving the following substrate molecule(s) |
RuBp (a five carbon sugar) and CO2 |
|
Reactant of the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis |
H2O |
|
Product of cyclic electron transfer flow in the light dependent reactions |
ATP |
|
Product of the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis |
NADPH |
|
Reactant of the carbon fixation phase of the Calvin cycle (light independent reactions of photosynthesis) |
RUBP, a 5 carbon molecule |