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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the properties of life? |
Living Organisms: - are composed of cells - can grow and reproduce - obtain and use energy (metabolism) |
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The Cellular Organization |
Ranges from atoms, to molecules, to organelles, and to cells |
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Organismal level of Organization |
Ranges from tissues, to organs, to organ systems, and to organisms |
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Population level of Organization |
Ranges from population, to species, to community, and to the ecosystem |
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Science aims to understand the natural world through what? |
Observation and reasoning |
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Science uses what kind of reasoning? |
Both inductive and deductive reasoning |
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Science begins with observations, therefore, much of science is what? |
Much of science is purely descriptive |
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What is the systematic approach that scientists use to gain the understanding of the natural world? |
The Scientific Method - Observation - Hypothesis formation - Prediction - Experimentation - Conclusion |
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What usually happens in a hypothesis? |
A hypothesis - must be tested to determine it's validity - is often tested in many different ways - allows for predictions to be made |
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What usually occurs in the experiment? |
The experiment - tests the hypothesis - must be carefully designed to test only one variable at a time - consists of a test experiment and a control experiment |
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When the hypothesis is valid, the scientist can predict what? |
The scientist can predict the result of the experiment. |
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What is one way to test the validity of the experiment? |
Conducting the experiment to determine if it yields the predicted result is one way. |
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It was proposed that Evolution occurs by what? |
Natural Selection |
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What are the two major theories in bio? |
Evolution by natural selection & Cell theory |
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What is the beagle? |
The beagle is the ship that Charles Darwin sailed in. |
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What kind of observation did Charles Darwin make for the finches? |
Charles Darwin made his observation of the different beak structures of the finches. |
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The proper function of a molecule is dependent on what? |
It's structure |
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The structure of a molecule can often tell us about what? |
It's function |
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Homologous structures |
Have the same evolutionary origin, but different structure and function |
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Analogous structures |
Have similar structure and function, but different evolutionary origins |
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Models
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to simulate phenomena that are difficult to study directly
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Evolution |
modification of a species over generations |
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Natural Selection
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individuals with superior physical or behavioral characteristics are more likely to survive and reproduce than those withoutsuch characteristics |
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Emergent Properties |
new properties present at one level that are not seen in the previous level |
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Hypothesis |
a possible explanation for an observation. |
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Reductionism |
to break a complex process down to its simpler parts |
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Cells |
information processing systems |
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Deductive reasoning |
general principles to makespecific predictions |
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Inductive reasoning |
specific observations to develop general conclusions.
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Cell theory |
All living organisms are made of cells, and all livingcells come from pre-existing cells.
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Evolutionary conservation |
Critical characteristics of early organisms arepreserved and passed on to future generations.
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Evolutionary change |
Living organisms have evolved from the same originevent. The diversity of life is theresult of evolutionary change.
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Molecular basis of inheritance |
DNA encodes genes which control living organisms andare passed from one generation to the next |
