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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Centrifugal force moves samples and reagents into cuvette areas for simultaneous analysis. |
Centrifugal Force |
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Each sample reaction is compartmentalized Capable of performing multiple tests where the sample and reagents are in a separate cuvette/reaction vessel for each test. |
Discrete Analysis |
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Able to perform individual tests or panels and allows for stat samples to be added to the run ahead of other specimens |
Random Access |
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Sample processed as a group |
Batch Analysis |
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Instrument from a single discipline with automated capability |
Stand Alone |
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Instrument from a single discipline with additional internal automated capability (e.g., auto-repeat and auto-dilute) |
Automated Stand Alone |
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At least two instruments from a single discipline with one controller |
Modular Cell |
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Instrument able to perform test from at least two disciplines |
Multiple Platform |
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At least two analytical modules supported by one sample and reagent processing and delivery system |
Integrated Modular System |
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Transports specimens quickly from one location to another |
Pneumatic Tube System |
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Maximum number of tests generated per hour. |
Throughput |
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Amount of time to generate one result |
Turnaround |
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Mechanism for patient/sample identification, used for reagent identification by an instrument |
Bar Coding |
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Amount of serum that cannot be aspirated |
Dead Volume |
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The contamination of a sample by a previously aspirated sample |
Carry Over |
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Use of preliminary test results to determine if additional tests should be ordered or cancelled on a particular specimen; performed manually or automated |
Reflex Testing |
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This kind of automation is seen in large medical center laboratories and commercial laboratories where the volume of testing is high. |
Total Laboratory Automation |
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More than one test is analyzed concurrently on a given specimen |
Parallel Testing |
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Multiple tests analyzed one after another on a given specimen |
Sequential Testing |
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A system that other manufacturer’s reagents can be utilized for measurement. |
Open Reagent System |
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A system where the operator can only use the manufacturer’s reagents |
Closed Reagent System |
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lyophilized powder/ tablet form and single used slide |
Dry Reagent |
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Determination of sample concentration is based on change in absorbance overtime |
Kinetic Assays |
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Incubated for a specific time, absorbance related to calibrators for calculation of sample concentration |
Endpoint/Colorimetric Assays |
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Liquids are pumped through a system of continuous tubing |
Continuous Flow Analyzer |
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Uses the force generated by centrifugation to transfer specimen and reagents |
Centrifugal Analyser |
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Most Popular and Versatile Analyzer Capable of running multiple sample test one a time |
Discrete Analyser |
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THREE BASIC APPROACH TO AUTOMATION |
1. Continuous Flow Analyzer 2. Centrifugal Analyser 3. Discrete Analyser |
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IDENTIFICATION AND PREPARATION AND CHEMICAL REACTION |
1. Sample Identification 2. Determine test (s) to perform 3. Reagent System and Delivery 4. Specimen Measurement and Delivery 5. Chemical Reaction Phase 6. Measurement Phase 7. Signal Processing and Data Handling 8. Send result(s) to Middleware/LIS |
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Four types of Photodetector |
- Photocell - Photodiode/Phototransistor - Photomultiplier Tube - Phototube |
