Bio 100 - Lecture 2 Terms

Front 1

Nucleoid

Back 1

Region within a Prokaryote that houses the DNA.

Front 2

Flagella

Back 2

Hair like structure attached to bacteria that helps with movement.

Front 3

Cytoplasm

Back 3

Fluid that DNA is floating in.

Front 4

Ribosomes

Back 4

Units within the cytoplasm that produce proteins.

Front 5

Plasma Membrane

Back 5

Encloses the Nucleoid of a Prokaryote, houses the entire cell of a Eukaryote.

Front 6

Organelle

Back 6

Membrane bound compartments / structures found in Eukaryotes. I.e.: Nucleus

Front 7

Nucleus

Back 7

Membrane bound compartment that houses the DNA.

Front 8

Nuclear Envelope

Back 8

Membrane that encloses the DNA.

Front 9

Endoplasmatic Reticulum (ER)

Back 9

Rough ER: Posses Ribosomes which create proteins.

Smooth ER: Creates more membrane and produces lipids.

Front 10

Golgi Apparatus

Back 10

Modifies things and decides where they need to go.

Front 11

Vesicles / Vacuoles

Back 11

Membrane bound packages like nutrients, water, pigments.

Front 12

Lysosomes

Back 12

Vesicle found in animals that contains digestive enzymes that help break things down.

Front 13

Chloroplasts

Back 13

Plant organelle that absorbs energy from the sun and converts it to chemical energy.

Front 14

Thykaloid

Back 14

Membrane containing chloroplasts.

Front 15

Stroma

Back 15

Honey like fluid that surrounds the thykaloids.

Front 16

Mitochondria

Back 16

Harvests chemical energy stored in food and turns it into usable energy through cellular respiration.

Front 17

Cristae

Back 17

Inner membrane folds of the Mitochondria.

Front 18

Matrix

Back 18

Fluid filled space inside Cristae.

Front 19

Cilia and Flagella

Back 19

Structures with hairs that flap around to move the cell.

Front 20

Phospholipid bilayer

Back 20

Front 21

Fluid Mosaic of Molecules

Back 21

Molecules embedded in phospholipid that act as Cell Identifiers, Enzyme Catalysts, Receptors, Cell Junctions, and Molecular Transport.

Front 22

Passive Transport

Back 22

Molecules moving from A to B without energy facilitating the move.

Front 23

Simple Diffusion

Back 23

Molecules move across a membrane without help of other molecules until equilibrium is reached.

Front 24

Facilitated Diffusion

Back 24

Molecules move across a membrane with the help of a transport protein.

Front 25

Osmosis

Back 25

Movement of water molecules across a membrane.

Front 26

Active Transport

Back 26

Molecules move from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration.

Front 27

Endocytosis

Back 27

Movement of large molecules into a cell.

Front 28

Exocytosis

Back 28

Movement of large molecules out of a cell.