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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cells use the energy available in foods to make a final energy-rich compound calle |
ATP |
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The process that releases energy from food in the presence of oxygen is |
cellular respiration |
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The first step in releasing the energy of glucose in the cell is known as |
__________glycolysis_________________ |
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The net gain of energy from glycolysis is |
___2 ATP molecules |
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The electron transport chain uses the high energy electrons from the Krebs cycle to |
move hydrogen ions across the mitochondria |
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Because fermentation takes place in the absence of oxygen, it is said to |
anaerobic |
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The process carried out by yeast that causes bread dough to rise is |
alcoholic fermentation |
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During heavy exercise, the build-up of lactic acid in muscle cells results in |
oxygen debt. |
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What raw materials are needed for cellular respiration? |
glucose and oxygen. |
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What happens during the Krebs cycle? |
Pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of reactions that give off energy. |
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Which substance is needed to start the process of glycolysis? |
ATP |
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In eukaryotic cells, most cellular respiration takes place in the |
mitochondria |
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The human body can use of the following as energy sources EXCEPT |
alcoholic fermentation |
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During cellular respiration, which substances are released as byproducts? |
carbon dioxide & water (CO2 and H2O). |
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Which processes in respiration are aerobic? |
Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain |
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What is the correct sequence of events in cellular respiration? |
glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and electron transport chain. |
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How do organisms get the energy they need? |
By breaking down food particles gradually |
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In what type of cells does cellular respiration occur? |
Eukaryotic |
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The starting molecule for glycolysis is? |
Glucose |
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What are the products of glycolysis? |
2 pyruvates, 4 ATP, 2 NADH |
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What must be present for the Krebs cycle to occur? |
pyruvic acid |
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What is produced by the Krebs cycle? |
CO2 |
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Where does electron transport occur in eukaryotes? |
mitochondrial inner membrane |
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High-energy electrons that move down the electron transport chain ultimately provide the energy needed to |
convert ADP molecules into ATP molecules |
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How much ATP does cellular respiration produce? |
36 |
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How much ATP does cellular respiration produce? |
36 |
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The conversion of pyruvic acid into lactic acid requires |
NADH |
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The first few seconds of intense exercise use up the cell’s stores of |
ATP |
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How many molecules of ATP does cellular fermentation produce? |
2 |
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What causes sore muscles after exercise? |
Lactic acid |
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What is an advantage of glycolysis? |
does not require oxygen |
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During respiration, high energy electrons pump H+ ions from |
The matrix of the mitochondria to the intermembrane space |
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Our bodies store energy in the form of a carbohydrate called ___________________ when the breakdown of the chemical bonds must provide energy for 20 minutes of activity. |
glycogen |
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How are photosynthesis and respiration related? Describe several ways. |
1) the products of one are the reactants of the other 2) Both use ATP 3) Both transfer H+ ions via electron transport chain 4)Photosynthesis stores energy in chemical bonds, while respirationuses that chemical bond energy for cellular function |
