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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what causes cells to G1 > S phase? |
cdk2/cyclin E |
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EGF functions as a _________; it _______ when bound. |
tyrosine kinase dimerizes then it goes on to phosphorylate things |
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What are the seven steps of mutation? |
1. immortal 2. adherence independence 3, 4. more loss of cell cycle control 5, 6. invasiveness (chew through basal lamina and invade blood) 7. metastasis (grow/stick in new site) 8. angiogenesis (stimulate blood vessel development) |
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what three genes have mutations? |
1. onco-genes 2. tumor-supressor genes 3. DNA repair genes |
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The first cancer-causing gene discovered was found in ________ and is called ______. |
chickens Rous- sarcoma virus src sarcoma-causing gene |
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proto-oncogenes are involved in what? |
signal pathways that involve growth |
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what mutates in the following? P-Oncogene I : P-Oncogene II: Tumor suppressor: (if you lose or damage both copies) |
I: protein sequence > oncogene II: mutate promoter > to much of protein TS: cell divides even when damaged |
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what is the problem with ERbB? |
no receptor, so the kinase is always on |
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G(alpha)sp can be found in ______ cancers. it has a mutation in the __________ so that it is always in the GTP bound state. |
pituitary and thyroid GTP alpha protein |
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myc is a _______ which mutates so that _________ is always on which causes ______. |
type II proto oncogene myc promoter cell to continuously divide |
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p53 is a ________ which catches when _______ so it turns on ________ which makes a protein that _________. |
tumor supressor dna is damaged cip (cipprotein) stops cdc2/cyclinE until damaged is repaired |
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what are the different therapies?
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cytotoxic anti-angiogenic therapy antibodies to growth factors receptors vaccines |
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cytotoxic therapy ________, an example is ______, but sometimes cells _______. |
kills dividing cells taxol is an example develop multi-drug resistance |
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herceptin ab is used in __________ to stop ____ avastin AB is used to __________ |
some breast cancer antiHER2 receptors as an ANTI-VEGF receptor |
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Oncept is a vaccine that _________ |
raise abs to tyrosine for dog melanoma |
