Bbc Session 3 And 4 Prep Questions

Front 1

What 3 bugs will cause lobar pneumonia?

Back 1

pneumococcus
Klebsiella
Streptococcus pneumonia

Front 2

Name the 4 types of lung carcinoma

Back 2

adeno
squamous
small cell
large cell

Front 3

Hematuria and RBC casts are dignostic for what type of glomerulonephritis?

Back 3

nephritic syndromes

Front 4

What is the most common NephtOtic syndrome in children

Back 4

minimal change disease

Front 5

What are the 3 components of staghorn calculi?

Back 5

Mg-NH3-Phosphate

Front 6

What causes staghorn calculi?

Back 6

infections....UTIs caused by Proteus

Front 7

What is the agent that causes syphillus?

What is the DOC?

Back 7

Treponema Pallidrum

DOC: Pen G

Front 8

Which type of testicular germ cell tumor is characterized by very high production of AFP?

And which type of ovarian cancer shares the same characterisitcs?

Back 8

Testicular: yolk sac tumor

Ovary: endodermal sinus tumor

Front 9

What type of ovarian tumor is defined by cysts lined with ciliated epithelium?

Back 9

Serous - ciliated

mucinous - nonciliated

Front 10

what are the 5 major risk factors for endometrial carcinoma?

Back 10

Age>40
early menarche
late menopause
nulliparity
obese

Front 11

what are the 5 major risk factors for breast cancer?

Back 11

same as endometrial....

age>40
early menarche
late menopause
nulliparity
obesity

Front 12

What is Koplik's spot in the mouth indicative of?

Back 12

white dots on red backgrounds.....means Measles

Front 13

What type of esophagous diverticulum involves all layers?

What type involves only the mucinous layer?

Back 13

All layers = traction diverticula

Mucinous layer only = Pulsion better known as ZENKER'S

Front 14

What do cloxacillin, oxacillan, and methicillin have in common with respect to good ability to destroy certain pathogens?

Back 14

Kill bacteria with Beta Lacatamase enzyme

mostly used in skin infections

Front 15

What generation of cephalosporins are Cefamanadole and cefoxitin in?

Back 15

2nd generation

think the 2 yr old MAN with a Fox

Front 16

What type of gastritis does H. pylori cause and why must it be treated asap?

Back 16

Chronic Type B gastritis

can lead to carcinoma of the stomach if not treated

Front 17

What is the risk of getting colon cancer if you have familial polyposis?

What about Gardner's disease?

Back 17

Familial polyposis - 100%

Gardner's - 100%

Front 18

IIf a person presents with abdominal pain, very little or no blood in the stool, skip lesions on the ileum, what is this?

Back 18

Chron's disease

Front 19

What are the 3 parts of Charcot's triad?

these are signs of Cholangitis***

Back 19

1. acute onset fever and sepsis
2. RUQ pain
3. Juandice

Front 20

What is the classification of 1. juandice if there is high serum unconjugated bilirubin?

2. high serum conjuagated bilirubin?

3. high unconjugated and conjugated bilirubin

Back 20

1. High Serum Bilirubin
Indirect
Prehepatic hemolysis

2. High serum conjugated bilirubin
Direct
Post hepatic cholestasis

3. Hepatic
Hepatitis
High unconjugated and conjugated bilirubin

Front 21

Compare the transmission routes and incubation times of Hep A and Hep B

Back 21

Hep A:
Virus spreads via feces
takes 2-6 weeks incubation
fecal oral

Hep B:
Parenteral (blood, fluids, etc)
incuabtion is 2-6 months
10% chance will come strenth

Front 22

If a pts blood test indicates that she is positive for anti-HBsAg, does that mean that she is currently suffering from an active hepB infection?

Back 22

NO!!!
HBsAg forms before onset of symptoms, can indicate current or chronic infection***
This is the surface antigen*

Front 23

If you see new onset diabetes, BRONZE SKIN, and cirrhosis what is it?

Back 23

Hemochromatosis

Front 24

Which fingers jts are more effected in Osteoarthritis?

RA?

Back 24

Osteo = DISTAL

RA = Proximal, metocarpal phalangeal joints***

Front 25

What are the rules of 3 relevant to thoracic vertebrae?

Back 25

T1-T3: tvp is same level as sp
T4-6: sp is located 1/2 way below tvp
T7-9: sp is located 1 segment below TP
T10-12: T10 is (T7-9), T11 is (T4-6), T12 is (T1-3)

Front 26

name the false ribs

Back 26

Ribs 8-10 and 11,12

Front 27

What is the primary rotation of the thoracic spine?

Back 27

rotation

Front 28

What ribs primarily move with a pump-handle motion?
bucket-handle motion?
caliper motion?

Back 28

pump-handle: ribs 1-5
bucket-handle : 6-10
caliper: 11-12

Front 29

Name the attachments of the diaphragm

Back 29

ribs 6-12 bilaterally
bodies and intervertebral discs L1-L3
Xyphoid process

Front 30

In an inhalation dysfunction what is the key rib?

Back 30

Low/Bottom Rib

Front 31

Prostaglandins and bradykinins share what common feature in terms of thier effects on how we feel when we get sick or injured?

Back 31

cause pain and vasodilation

Front 32

What cell type produces IL-1 and what cell type does IL-1 stimulate?

Back 32

Macrophages make IL-1
Stimulates CD4 Tcells

Front 33

What inheritance pattern exists for a particular disease if there is no MALE-to-MALE transmission and the parents of the sick child are not sick?

Back 33

x-linked recessive

Front 34

What HLA type do most with mutiple sclerosis and narcolepsy share?

Back 34

DR2

Front 35

What are the VDRL and FTA-ABS test results for an SLE pt?

Back 35

VDRL - false positive (cardiolipin Abs


FTA-ABS - confirmed by negative FTA-ABS

You do this bc syphillus can cause a similar like reaction, syphillus and SLE are both VDRL (+) but only syphillus is also FTA-ABS (+), SLE is FTA-ABS (-)

Front 36

what clotting pathway does the PTT test?
PT?
Bleeding time?

Back 36

PTT: intrinsic
PT: extrinsic and intrinsic
bleeding time: platlet function

Front 37

What does the Combs test evaluate?

Back 37

Direct: Cell body antibodys (miz pts RBCs with IgG)

Indirect: detects free AB (mix plasma with nl RBCs)

Front 38

What specific type of macromolecules is reliant on folic acid and vitamine B12 for its synthesis? How is this related to anemia?

Back 38

Affects synthesis of RBCs DNA

causes a macrocytic anemia

Front 39

Auer rods in myeloblasts are indicative of what disease?

Back 39

AML-Leukemia

Front 40

what kind of bacteria will aminoglycosides kill?

Back 40

only kill aerobic gram (-)

Front 41

What type of arterial inflammation is associated with hypersensitivity to tobacco?

Back 41

small and med vessels
thromboangiitis obliterans aka Burger's disease

Front 42

What disease do BLUE Bloaters have?
Is is obstructuve or resitircted?

Back 42

chronic bronchitis
Obstructive

Front 43

Name the drugs we studied that INHIBIT P450

Back 43

Some Pharmacy Classes Inhibit Drug Catabolism

Some - Sulfonamides
Pharmacy - Phenylbutane
Classes - Cholorphenacol
Inhibit - Isozoid
Drug - Dicumarol
Catabolism - Cimetidine

Front 44

What is the antidote for methnol poisoning?

Back 44

ethanol

Front 45

What is the DOC for strep pyrogenes?

Back 45

Pen G

Front 46

What is the DOC for Borrelia burgdorfen?

Back 46

Doxycycline

Front 47

In what plane does flexsion occur?
About what axis does it occur?

Back 47

Plane - saggital
Axis - Transverse

Front 48

What cell type is classic in Hodgkin's disease?

Back 48

Reed-sternberg cells

Front 49

what type of arteriosclerosis is due to high serum calcium?

What type is due to malignant hypertension?

What type is due to old age?

What type is due to high lipid diet?

Back 49

high serum calcium - Monckebery

malignant htn - artherilosclerosis - hyperplastic

old age - artheriolosclerosis - myelin

high lipid diet - atherosclerosis

Front 50

In a 3 yr Japanese boy with very red hands and soles, fever, and conjunctivitis, what arteritis does he most likely have?

Back 50

Kawasaki

Front 51

If the atlas is sidebent left what direction is it rotated?

Back 51

right

Front 52

draw the alternative and common pathways of the complement cascade

Back 52

Front 53

Is serum calcium, phosphate, and alkaline phosphatase high, normal, or low in osteoporosis, osteomalacia, and Paget's disease?

Back 53

Osteoporosis:
nl Ca, nl phosphate, nl alk phos

Osteomalacia:
decreased Ca, decreased phosphate, increased alk phos

Paget's disease:
extrememly high alk phos, nl calcium, nl phosphate

Front 54

what is the most common type of cartilage?

Back 54

hyaline....aka type I

used in joints, developing bones, trachea, larynx, and nose

Front 55

what type of bone cancer is extremely aggressive, primarily affecting the pelvis and long bones (in the marrow cavities), and to be more prevalent in males?

Back 55

ewings sarcoma

Front 56

Why are the calves of duchenne muscular dystrophy patients very large?

Back 56

fatty and fibrous infiltration causes pseudohypertrophy

Front 57

what is the most common supratentorial tumor of the CNS in children?

Back 57

craniopharyngioma

Front 58

What CNS disorder is characterized by bradykinesia, a resting tremor, and rigidity?

Back 58

Parkinson's disease

Front 59

What is the typical age of onset for multiple sclerosis?

Back 59

20-40

Front 60

What is the MOA for MS?

Back 60

demyelination

Front 61

What is the primary hormone that is produced in excess in Cushing's syndrome?

Back 61

cortisol*** due to increased ACTH

Front 62

What general class of adrenal products is produced in excess in Conn's disease, and what is its effect on serum sodium levels?

Back 62

Increased serum Na
due to increased mineralcorticoids and increased aldosterone

Front 63

What is the difference between Graves and Plummers disease

Back 63

both involve the thyroid***

Graves:
lymphocytes
small follicles
little colloid
diffuse toxic goiter

Plummers:
hyperplasia
hypertrophy
colloid accumulation
nodular toxic goiter

Front 64

What are the 4 major types of thyroid tumors?

Which is the most common?

Back 64

Benign: follicular adenoma - very common

Malignant:
papillary - most common
follicular - most aggressive
anaplastic
medullary

Front 65

What are the PTH, Ca, levels in hypoparathyroidism?

What about pseudoparathyroidism?

Back 65

hypothyroidism - decreased PTH decreased Ca

pseudo - increased PTH and decreased Ca

Front 66

What are the 4 organs involved in MEN type 1

Back 66

adrenal cortex
pituitary
parathyroid
pancrease (gastrinoma)

Front 67

What are the ABCs of melanoma

Back 67

A - asymetirc lesion
B - Borders irregular
C - Color variations
D - Diameter increases

Front 68

What skin disease arises due to antibodies directed against the intercellular junctions between keratinocytes?

Back 68

pemphigus

Front 69

What 2 organs are most affected by mercury poisoning?

Back 69

brain and kidney

Front 70

What is the DOC for herpes simplex virus 1 and 2

Back 70

acyclovir

Front 71

What color are gram positive bacteria after Gram staining?

Back 71

purple

Front 72

what kind of colitis is a risk after the use of broad spectrum antibiotics?

What is the causative agent?

Back 72

Pseudomembranous colitis by C. difficle

Front 73

The destruction of what organ causes death associated with acetomenaphen OD

Back 73

liver

Front 74

Of what are most renal calculi comprised?

Back 74

calcium

Front 75

what kind of aneurysm are Marfan's patients most predisposed towards?

Back 75

disecting aortic

Front 76

What type of germ cell tumor is ass with painless enlargement of the testes?

It is often curable bc of its radiosensitivity

Back 76

seminoma

Front 77

What is the causative agent of condyloma acuminatum and condyloma lata?

Back 77

acuminatum - HPV

lata - treponema pallidum

Front 78

What is the source of alpha-amanitin?

Back 78

death cap mushrooms / toadstools

Front 79

If a patient is (+) for HBsAg what do we know about this pt?

Back 79

acute or chonic infection - currently have Hep B surface antigen

Front 80

If a pt presents with a small amount of rectal pain, a significant amount of red blood in the stool, and numerous pseudopolyps on colonoscopy, what disease is this?

Back 80

ulcerative collitis

Front 81

What kind of tumors are associated with Turcot's disease?

Back 81

brain tumors.....CNS

Front 82

What is the #1 germ cell tumor in men?

Back 82

seminoma

Front 83

What are the 4 subtypes of Hodgkin's disease and how does this relate to the Reed-Sternberg cells?

Back 83

1. lymphatic predominance
2. nodular sclerosis
3. mixed cellularity
4. lymphocyte depletion

1 and 2 have a better prognosis

3 and 4 have reed-sternberg cells and a poorer prognosis

Front 84

What is the inheritence pattern of achondroplasia?

Back 84

Auto dominant

Front 85

How do Gilbert and Criglar-Najjar differn interms of uptake?

Back 85

Gilbert - impaired uptake and mild disease

Crigler-Najjar impaired uptake and severe disease

both diseases have jaundice

Front 86

What 3 cell types do C3a and C5a stimulate to release histamine?

Back 86

basophils
mass cells
platlets