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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Most abundant organisms on earth |
Prokaryotes Also prob the dirt living cells |
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Prokaryote structure |
2/3 domains of life are prokaryotes Most are unicellular but some form colonies, have a variety of shapes |
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Classification of bacteria |
Can be classified according to shape of the cell wall. They have either: -spherical (cocci) -rod-shaped (bacilli) -spiral |
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Prokaryotes cells walls protect from |
Protect, maintain shape, and prevent cell from bursting in a hypotonic environment. |
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Bacterial cell walls contain |
Peptidoglycan-a network of sugar polymers cross-linked by polypeptides. |
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Gram stains + & - |
Gram positive- bacteria have simpler walls with a large amount of peptidoglycan (purple) Gram negative- bacteria have less peptidoglycan and an outer membrane that can be toxic (red) |
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Prokaryotic cells lack compartmentalization but compensate with |
Specialized infolding of the membrane that perform specific metabolic functions |
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Bacteria exhibit taxis |
The ability to move toward or away from a stimulus |
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Prokaryotes reproduce quickly by |
Binary fission and can divide every 1-3 hours |
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Transformation |
A prokaryotic cell can take yo and incorporate foreign DNA from the surrounding environment |
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Transduction |
The movement of genes between bacteria by bacteriophages |
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Conjugation |
Genes are transferred from one prokaryotic cell to another |
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Facultative aerobes |
Can use oxygen for cellular respiration when it is present but don't require it |
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Extremophiles |
Archaea that live in extreme conditions |
