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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a balanced diet? |
Eating the right amounts of different types of nutrients. |
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Give two ways a person could improve their diet. |
1. cut down on salt 2. don't skip breakfast |
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When would you get deficiency disease? |
If you don't get enough of a particular nutrient. |
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What three things are high in protein? |
Meat, fish and nuts |
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What can too much saturated fat in your diet cause? |
Raised cholesterol levels |
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What can too much salt in your diet cause? |
Raised blood pressure |
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List the seven components of a balanced diet. |
1. carbohydrates 2. proteins 3. fat/lipid 4. minerals/ions 5. vitamins 6. fibre 7. water |
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Which three components of a balanced diet supply us with energy? |
Carbohydrates, fats, protein. |
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Give three reasons why males tend to have higher energy requirements than females. |
1. males tend to be larger than females 2. males have a higher muscle to fat ratio 3. males often more active than females |
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Give one reason why a 15 year old male may require more energy than a male adult involved with light work. |
15 year old is still growing |
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Why would a nursing mother need more energy than a female office worker? |
Nursing mother has a more active lifestyle, whereas an office worker tends to sit down. Nursing mother needs energy for milk production. |
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Why has the fast food industry added large amounts of fat and salt to the meals? |
For flavour and as a preservative |
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Give two reasons as to why a healthy body needs some cholesterol in the diet. |
1. to make cell membranes 2. to make sex hormones |
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How is cholesterol transported around the body? |
through the bloodstream |
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What are the two major problems associated with high cholesterol levels? |
1. high risk of heart disease 2. high risk of blood clots from the build up of plaque in the walls of the arteries |
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Which of our body organs helps to deal with changing cholesterol levels? |
Liver |
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Give two reasons why, in a sample, there might be a high anomalous result when measuring cholesterol levels. |
1. a genetic factor in the family 2. higher amount of fat in diet |
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What does the body use carbohydrates for? |
energy |
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What does the body use fats for? |
energy, insulation and cell membranes |
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What does the body use proteins for? |
Growth, repair and cell membranes |
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What are the three main types of fat found in our diet? |
1. saturated fats 2. mono-unsaturated fats 3. polyunsaturated fats |
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Which type of fat is found in animal fat? |
saturated fat |
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Explain why too much fat in a person's diet can cause health problems |
High level of saturated fat raises cholesterol, which increases the risk of heart disease and blocked blood vessels |
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What does HDL and LDL stand for? |
High density lipoprotein Low density lipoprotein |
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Is HDL or LDL known as bad cholesterol? Why? |
LDL because it can cause heart disease |
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How do you lose weight? |
More energy must be used up than is taken in, forcing the body to use up its stored fat for energy |
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What is metabolic rate? |
The rate at which chemical reactions take place in your cells |
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The greater the proportion of muscle to fat in the body, the higher the.... |
metabolic rate is likely to be |
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What can metabolic rate be affected by? |
Your genes Exercise (increases during) |
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One gram of fat releases almost twice as much energy as... |
one gram of carbohydrate or protein |
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Why are proteins not usually a major source of energy for the body? |
Because they are used for the more important functions of growth and repair |
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Which type of fat seems to lower cholesterol levels? |
Unsaturated (found in plants) |
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Is LDL or HDL known as good cholesterol? Why? |
HDL helps protect against heart disease by helping to remove cholesterol from the walls of blood vessels |
