Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The term Renaissance translates to "rebirth." To what does this "rebirth" refer?
|
Rebirth of the Classical period.
|
|
List three common stylistic features of Byzantine art.
|
- Frontal, static, flat (iconic) - Prominent Halos - Deeply spiritual; other worldly - Gold backgrounds |
|
How does Giotto create the illusion of volume in the figures in his painting Madonna Enthroned?
|
The use of light & dark.
|
|
Explain the buon fresco technique. Name on advantage and one disadvantage it has over fresco secco.
|
-Buon fresco: paint of wet plaster color absorbs into the plaster, have to paint quickly but last longer. -Fresco secco: painting on dried plaster, not as long lasting easier to flack off. |
|
How did the Black Death Influence the production of art in the mid-14th century?
|
Rise in religious arts, due to the plague art was hopefully seeing place in heaven.
|
|
Patron
|
The person or group of persons who pays for a work of art.
|
|
Why did Northern Renaissance artist tend to paint biblical subjects in contemporary settings?
|
Makes it more relatable.
|
|
Polyptych
|
Hinged multi-panel paintings or relief sculptures
|
|
Which newly popularized artistic medium allowed Northern painters in the Early Renaissance to replicate surface details to such a minute degree?
|
Oil paintings
|
|
Who was the first Netherlandish painter to achieve international fame?
|
Jan van Eyck
|
|
Why is Saint Luke the patron saint of painters?
|
Believed that he had painted a portrait of the Virgin Mary
|
|
What was the first step a young boy had to take in order to become a professional artist in the Medieval and Renaissance periods?
|
Five to six years of apprenticeship.
|
|
How did guilds benefit both artists and patrons?
|
Guilds membership, ensured fair prices for artists & ensured high quality of work.
|
|
Which two forms of image printing became popular after the invention of the moveable-type printing press?
|
- Engraving method: method of printmaking in which the design is incised into a metal plate. - Woodcut method: method of printmaking in which the parts of the block of wood not meant to be printed are cut away to a shallow depth leaving the designed raised. |
|
Renaissance Florence saw itself as the inheritor of which ancient civilization?
|
Roman Classical Tradition
|
|
Which biblical personage did Renaissance Florence associate itself with? Which mythological figure did it associate itself with?
|
David & Hercules
|
|
What is contrapposto? Give an example of a Quattrocento sculpture that exhibits the use of contrapposto.
|
Weight distributed onto one leg & the body follows that action. EX: Donatello, St. Mark, Or San Michele, France, Italy |
|
Explain what perspective is and name the two kinds of perspective.
|
Perspective: constructing a convincing illusion of 3D space in 2D media. -Linear Perspective: mathematically based -Aerial Perspective: optically based |
|
Why is the Medici family important to the development of the Renaissance?
|
-Wealthy banking family -Major patrons of the arts -commissions for increasing magnificence of the city. -personal commissions |
|
Which classical tradition did Donatello revive in his portrait of "Gattamelata"?
|
Portraiture on horse back; resembles authority & triumph
|
|
In what way did Alberti differentiate the three stories of the Palazzo Rucellai that makes each story appear progressively lighter? Which classical building served as his inspiration for this?
|
Uses the different pilasteros (flattened columns) columns order for each level of the building. Reference of the Roman world.
|
|
What were Girolamo Savonarola's beliefs regarding the Medici and humanism? What effect did these beliefs have on art in Florence in the 1490's?
|
Banished the Medici & other wealthy powerful families. - Anti-Secular Art |
|
Disegno
|
Drawing, design that characterizes the art of Florence & Rome
|
|
Chiaroscuro
|
Modeling in light & dark to create volume
|
|
Sfumato
|
Smokey, hazy style
|
|
Impasto
|
Thick globs of paint, making texture
|
|
What institution functioned as the greatest source of artistic patronage in Cinquecento Italy?
|
Catholic Church
|
|
What was the appeal of the pyramidal composition for Renaissance artists?
|
Sharing the same environment
|
|
Why did Leonardo consider painting to be superior to sculpture?
|
Painting was more intellectual translating the 3D into 2D, recreating the air & water things that cannot be sculpted.
|
|
How did Michelangelo's approach to proportion and measure in art differ most markedly from his Renaissance predecessors and contemporaries?
|
He didn't use mathematics to plan out his work
|
|
Why was Michelangelo resistant to receiving the commission for the Sistine Chapel ceiling?
|
Sculpture not a painter
|
|
What is the major difference between Early & High Renaissance Architecture?
|
More sculptural Classical elements were flat décor, unlike the 3D
|
|
Who was the leading architect of Renaissance Venice? How did his influence spread so widely throughout Europe in later generations?
|
Andrea Palladio, wrote the four books of architecture.
|
|
Which ancient building was Palladio's inspiration for the Villa Rotonda? List 2 ways that the Villa Rontonda references that ancient building.
|
Pantheon, dome & column porch
|
|
Poesia
|
painting meant to operate in a manner similar to poetry
|
|
Why is fresco uncommon in Venice? What painting medium did Venetian artists tend to use instead?
|
Too humid, rots the paintings away (oil on canvas)
|
|
Identify one major obstacle that prevented many women form pursuing a career in art in the Renaissance.
|
Mandating residence in a master's house was frowned upon; that a young girl stay with an adult male other than her father
|
|
What set Mannerist painting apart from typical Renaissance painting?
|
Did not accurately represent the natural world, emphasis on the painting being artificially trying to create an illusion of Renaissance world.
|
|
What about Giulio Romano's use of classical architectural elements in the courtyard of the Palazzo del Te makes it a Mannerist work of architecture?
|
Classical elements of architecture are used irrationally
|
|
Identify one detail in Grunewald's Isenheim Altarpiece that acknowledges the patients at the hospital for which the work was commissioned?
|
- A man with bloated belly & sores is placed amongst the temptations side. - Jesus's body is covered in sores, also he is placed so when opening the piece his arm and legs would separated; just as the sick's would be amputated. |
|
Which artistic medium allowed Albrecht Durer to gain international fame?
|
Excellent print maker & market them. |
|
How did Catholic and Protestant attitudes towards religious art differ?
|
Religion of damnation and other is hope in redemption.
|
|
Which artist is considered "the painter of the Reformation"?
|
Cranach the Elder
|
|
Iconoclasm
|
Destruction of religious works of art.
|
|
Genre Scene
|
Scene of everyday life
|
|
How does Quinten Massys convey a moralizing message in his painting Money Changer and His Wife?
|
Primary message is how it is very easy to become materialistic than worship. - the weighing of the coins to the weighing of the souls in the Last Judgement - the woman has a holy book, opened to an image of Virgin Mary and the Christ Child. |
|
Identify the three styles that most heavily influenced the distinctive painting style of El Greco.
|
- Late Byzantine - Venetian Color - Italian Mannerism |