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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the major cultural groups of South America? Where did they live? What are they known for?
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Inca, roots of Andean civilization? Some evidence that inland communities came before but we don't know |
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What are some important inventions from South America? |
Writing Quipu - A series of knotted threads Color Knot Placement Types of Knots |
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What are the artistic motifs we see in South America? |
Textiles - Paracas textiles - visual communication. Weaving Skills, Metallurgy. Nazca geoglyphs |
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Where is Mesopotamia?
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Mesopotamia was the ancient name for what is now Iraq, the land between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. |
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What are some important inventions from Mesopotamia? |
Writing (possibly), the wheel and urbanization. |
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What is the temple institution? What did it control? |
The center of both religious and economic life. Redistribution center for agriculture and craft goods. |
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Europe: What are the features and circumstances of the specific burials discussed in lecture?
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Lavish burials - Covered in red ochre, gold, flint, obsidian, bone, clay, shell, graphite, marble, and status differentiation. |
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Europe: What are megaliths? |
A large stone monument, tombs. 3 kinds, menhirs, henges, tombs. Constructed during the Neolithic. |
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Europe: What are the major features of the European Chronology? |
Introduction to technologies New Technology The Classics Fall of the Roman Empire Beginning of the Dark Ages throughout Europe |
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What are the major cultural groups from Asia? |
Xia Period, Shang Dynasty, Zhou Dynasty, Warring States period, Qin Dynasty |
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What are the major advancements occurring during the Qin Dynasty in China? |
Start of Imperial China |
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What are the major features of the African cultures we discussed in lecture?
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Several notable non - Egyptian cultures Known for early iron metalworking, large scale trading. |
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What are the circumstances of the unification of Egypt? When did it occur? How do we know this? |
3100 B.C Upper and lower Egypt were unified under the first pharaoh Narmer. Known for their monumental pyramids, temples and obelisks, mathematics, medicine, irrigation, literature, diplomacy. |
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What are the major features of Indus Valley cultural groups?
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Indus |
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What are some of the major inventions found in the Indus Valley? |
System of weights/measure Metallurgy Indus Inscription Writings- undeciphered |
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What are the arguments for and against defining Indus Valley communities as states? |
Pro: Harappan Civilization: Urban Centers Sanitation Systems Con: No Monumental construction, No Evidence for palaces, temples, kings, or organized religion. |
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What is the Bronze Age? What defines Bronze Age people? |
The Bronze Age of any culture is the period during which the most advanced metalworking in that culture uses bronze. Trade economy based on wine, olive oil pottery and textiles. |
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What are the main cultural groups associated with the Bronze Age? |
Minoans - Crete Mycenaeans - Greece and Crete |
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What is the Iron Age? What defines Iron Age people? |
The Iron Age was the stage in the development of people in which tools and weapons were made of iron instead. The adoption of this material often coincided with other changes in society, including differing agricultural practices, religious beliefs and artistic styles. |
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What are the main cultural groups associated with the Iron Age? |
Greek Polis (Golden Age) Athens, Sparta Roman Empire |
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Heritage Management and Ethics- What is it? How is it done? Why is it needed?
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Organizations such as UNESCO were made to encourage the identification, protection, and preservation of cultural and natural heritage around the world considered to be of outstanding value. Ethics represent a common understanding among people about what is right and dutiful behavior in human society. |
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Heritage Management and Ethics - What are archaeological sites? What laws exist to protect them? |
Locations with cultural significance. The Antiquities Act described the study of archaeology as a scientic undertaking and protected 167 million acres of cultural and natural signicance. Natural Historic Preservation Act. This act recognized the importance of cultural resources. Congress passed the Archaeological Resources Protection Act in 1979 to further help preserve archaeological materials on public and Indian lands.Congress passed the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA) in 1990. NAGPRA provides a mechanism for museums and federal agencies to return certain Native American cultural materials—human remains, funerary and sacred artifacts, and objects of cultural patrimony—to lineal descendants, etc. |
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State Development- V. Gordon Childe’s criteria for states- what do they mean?
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The primary characteristics are economic, organizational, and demographic in nature and suggest fundamental changes in societal structure. They include (1) cities—dense, nucleated demographic concentrations; (2) full-time labor specialization; (3) state organization, based on territorial residence rather than kin connections; (4) class stratification— the presence of a privileged ruling stratum; and (5) the concentration of surplus. According to Redman, Childe’s secondary characteristics serve to document the existence of the primary criteria. They are (1) monumental public works; (2) long distance exchange; (3) writing; (4) arithmetic, geometry, and astronomy; and (5) highly developed, standardized artwork. |
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State Development - What are the prime movers for state development? What do they mean? |
External factors forced people to adopt to state level power systems. |
