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84 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Firmitas |
Structure (Firmness) Examples: Baths of Diocletian Speyer Cathedral |
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Utilitas |
Function (Commodity) Examples The Parthenon Chartres Cathedral |
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Venustas |
Form (Delight) Examples: Maison Carree Virginia State Capital |
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The Rosetta Stone |
Carved c. 196 BC Discovered in 1799 in Rashid, Egypt Held in British Museum, London, England |
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Old Kingdom |
3100 BC - 2200 BC |
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Middle Kingdom |
2100BC - 1780BC |
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New Kingdom |
1580BC - 1090BC |
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Lower Egypt (North) |
Captial in Memphis |
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Upper Egypt (South) |
Capital in Thebes |
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Funerary Complex of King Zoser |
Saqqara, Egypt Built: 2630 BC (Old Kingdom) Architect: Imhotep |
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Mastabas |
Type of ancient Egyptian tomb in the form of a flat-roofed, rectangular structure with outward sloping sides |
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Great Pyramid of Khufu |
Giza, Egypt Built: 2550 BC (Old Kingdom) |
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Pylon |
The facade of an Egyptian Cult Temple |
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Courtyard |
Open area in the first room of the temple |
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Hypostyle Hall |
Room further in temple, collection of columns |
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Sanctuary |
Deepest part of the Cult Temple |
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Axis |
Unobstructed line through the middle of a temple or building |
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Symmetry |
Symmetry about an axis |
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Obelisk |
Tall pointed pillar, come in pairs |
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Post and Lintel Construction |
Construction featuring a Post (Vertical Component) and a Lintel (Horizontal Component) |
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Clerestory |
Level with slits in stone to allow light to pass through |
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Molding |
Decorative stripping along bottom of wall |
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Cornice |
Decorative molding along top of wall |
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Temple of Khons |
Karnak, Egypt Built: 1100BC (New Kingdom) |
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Temple of Amun |
Karnak, Egypt Begun: 1550 BC |
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Temple of Aphaia |
Aegina, Greece 500BC |
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Doric Ionic Corinthian |
3 Orders of Columns |
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Base |
The base of a column (Absent in Doric order) |
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Shaft |
The shaft of a column |
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Capital |
The top of a column |
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Echinus |
Curved part at the capital of a Doric column |
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Abacus |
Square part at the capital of a column |
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Volute |
Volute shaped parts of Ionic and Corinthian column capitals |
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Architrave |
Lintel that lays on top of the capitals of columns |
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Frieze |
Decorative part of the entablature of a column |
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Triglyph |
Repeating III Pattern in the Entablature of a Doric Frieze |
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Metope |
The space between the Triglyphs on a Doric Frieze |
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Cornice |
Top part of entablature above the frieze |
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Entasis |
Slightly convex curvature of columns |
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Diminution |
Tapering of a column toward the top |
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Fluting |
Carved out sections along the shaft of a column |
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Pediment |
Triangular shaped roof held up by columns |
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Stylobate |
Top step of a greek temple, platform that holds the columns |
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Pteron |
Columns on Greek Temple (?) |
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Peripteral Plan |
Plan for greek temples surrounded by Columns |
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Pronaos |
Front Porch Greek Temple |
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Naos |
Sanctuary of Greek Temple |
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Opisthodomos |
Rear Porch of Greek Temple |
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First Temple of Hera |
Paestum, Italy Build 550 BC (Missing Pediment) |
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Second Temple of Hera |
Paestum, Italy Built 460 BC |
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The Parthenon (Temple of Athena Parthenos) |
Athens, Greece Buillt: 447-438 BC Architects: Ictinus and Callicrates Client: Pericles Chief Sculptor: Phidias Completed: 432 BC |
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Optical Refinements |
Horizontal Elements curved, vertical elements inclined due to Greek belief that vision cause straight lines to appear sagged in the middle |
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Mashrabiyah |
Projecting balconies |
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Kaa'ba |
Brick cube in the Mecca |
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5 Pillars of Islam |
Proclaim Faith Pray 5 times daily Alms to the Poor Fasting at Ramadan Pilgrimage to Mecca |
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Minarets |
Large towers of a Mosque |
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Fountain of Ablution |
Fountain for the ritual washing before prayer in a mosque |
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Minbar |
Platform for announcements on the Mecca facing wall of a mosque, to the Right of the Mihrab |
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Mihrab |
Semicircular room on Mecca facing wall of a Mosque |
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Dome of the Rock |
Jerusalem, Israel Built 692 AD Columnar Halls |
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Great Mosque of Samarra |
Samarra, Iraq Built 852 AD Columnar Halls |
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Great Mosque of Cordoba |
Cordoba, Spain Existed 786-987 AD Columnar Halls |
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Suleymaniye Mosque |
Istambul, Turkey 1550 AD Sinan Domed Hall |
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Mythical Founding Date of Rome |
753 BC |
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Foundation of Roman Republic |
509 BC |
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Establishment of Roman Empire |
27 BC |
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First Roman Emperor |
Augustus |
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Two Centuries from 27 BC to 180 AD |
Pax Romana |
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First Division of the Empire und Diocletian |
284 AD |
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Reign of Emperor Constantine |
305-337 AD |
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Definitive Division of Empire into Two Parts |
395 AD |
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End of Empire in the West |
476 AD |
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End of Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire |
1453 AD |
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Voussoir |
Building Blocks of Roman Arch |
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Keystone |
Voissoir at the top of an Arch |
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Spandrel |
Wall held up by Arch |
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Centering |
Wooden framing used for the construction of an arch |
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Barrel Vault |
Series of arches in one direction creating an arched hallway |
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Groin Vault |
Two barrel vaults intersecting on perpendicular axes |
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Arch of Titus |
Rome, Italy 81-90 AD |
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Colosseum |
Rome, Italy 72-80 AD |
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Pont du Gard (Aqueduct) |
near Nimes, France 20 BC |
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Basilica of Constantine |
Rome, Italy Built 307-315 AD |
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Baths of Diocletian |
Rome, Italy Built 298-306 AD |
