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61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which of the following was not an economic problem faced by Congress after the War of 1812?
A) The rechartering of the National Bank B) A proliferation of widely differing bank notes C) Overproduction of and falling demand for cotton D) Attempts by England to kill America's "infant industries" in the cradle |
Overproduction of and falling demand for cotton
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Between 1807 and 1815, the total number of cotton spindles in America:
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increased fifteenfold
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Secretary of the Treasury Albert Gallatin proposed that a National Road run from the Potomac River to:
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The Ohio River
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Between 1800 and 1820, the American population:
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nearly doubled
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Which of the following was not a policy undertaken by the federal government during this time to promote western expansion?
A) Land was offered free to settlers who would cultivate it. B) A chain of stockaded forts were erected along the Great Lakes. C) A "factor" system was created to supply Indian tribes with goods at cost. D) Indian tribes were pushed farther and farther west. |
Land was offered free to settlers who would cultivate it.
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How did the "Black Belt" of central Alabama and Mississippi get its name?
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From its dark, productive soil of rotted limestone
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Which of the following states did not join the Union prior to 1820?
A) Indiana B) Illinois C) Mississippi D) Iowa |
Iowa
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What Missouri-born trader helped to establish the Santa Fe Trail by offering cheap rates for his goods?
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William Becknell
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Who founded the Rocky Mountain Fur Company and recruited white trappers to move permanently into the Rockies?
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Andrew and William Ashley
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What explorer labeled the Great Plains the "Great American Desert" on his maps?
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Stephen Long
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Who presided over the "Era of Good Feelings"?
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James Monroe
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Who did this President choose as Secretary of State, as a gesture of goodwill to the fractured Federalists?
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John Quincy Adams
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What territory did the United States procure in the 1819 Adams-Onís Treaty?
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Florida
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What was the primary cause of the Panic of 1819?
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A tightening of credit after a speculative boom
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What did the Tallmadge Amendment to the Missouri statehood bill mandate?
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It prohibited the further introduction of slaves in Missouri, and called for gradual emancipation.
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How many free states and slave states made up the Union prior to Missouri's entrance?
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11 and 11
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Which of the following was not part of the Missouri Compromise?
A) Slavery would be prohibited in the Louisiana Territory north of 36'30°. B) Missouri would enter as a slave state. C) Maine would enter as a free state. D) States outside the Louisiana Territory would enter according to popular sovereignty. |
States outside the Louisiana Territory would enter according to popular sovereignty.
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Which of the following court cases emerged from a series of notorious Georgia land frauds?
A) Fletcher v. Peck B) Cohens v. Virginia C) Gibbons v. Ogden D) Worcester v. Georgia |
Fletcher v. Peck
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In which of the following cases did the Court affirm the constitutionality of federal review of state court decisions?
A) Gibbons v. Ogden B) Cohens v. Virginia C) Johnson v. McIntosh D) McCulloch v. Maryland |
Cohens v. Virginia
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In which of the following cases did the Court affirm the constitutionality of the Bank of the United States?
A) Gibbons v. Ogden B) Cohens v. Virginia C) Johnson v. McIntosh D) McCulloch v. Maryland |
McCulloch v. Maryland
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n which of the following cases did the Court strengthen Congress's power to regulate interstate commerce?
A) Gibbons v. Ogden B) Worcester v. Georgia C) Johnson v. McIntosh D) McCulloch v. Maryland |
Gibbons v. Ogden
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Which of the following is not true of the Marshall Court's decisions regarding Indian tribes?
A) They defined a place for Indian tribes within the American political system. B) They ruled that the federal government had ultimate authority over tribal affairs C) They ruled that Indians must obey the mandates of state governments. D) They ruled that that tribes had basic property rights |
They ruled that Indians must obey the mandates of state governments.
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hich of the following new nations did James Monroe not establish diplomatic relations with?
A) La Plata B) Cuba C) Chile D) Mexico |
Cuba
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Which of the following is not true about the Monroe Doctrine?
A) It called for a policy of American noninterference in Europe. B) It was composed primarily by John Quincy Adams. C) It declared America could interfere in Latin American nations if they were not fulfilling their obligations to their people. D) It warned European nations not to try to colonize the Americas. |
It declared America could interfere in Latin American nations if they were not fulfilling their obligations to their people.
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Between whom did supporters of Andrew Jackson suspect a "corrupt bargain" in 1824?
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John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay
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Adams-Onis Treaty
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1819 agreement in which Spain ceded all of Florida to the U.S. in exchange for Texas.
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American nationalism
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Concept coined between 1820 and 1840, which advocated programs that stressed the supremacy of the central government over the states, called for direct federal involvement to aid the growth of commerce, and in general advocated an aggressive course of action designed to make America a nation without equal.
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American System
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The plan, advanced by Henry Clay, that was designed to foster commercial growth and economic stability. Its basic components consisted of a tariff to protect "infant industries" and to secure American jobs, a national bank into which the money from the tariff would be deposited, and an internal-improvements program paid for by the federal government.
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Commerce clause
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The clause in the Constitution (Article I, Section 8) that gives the national government the power to regulate foreign commerce as well as commerce between the states (interstate commerce).
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Contract clause
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The clause in the Constitution (Article I, Section 10) that prohibits the government (national or state) and individuals from impairing the obligation of contract.
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Corrupt Bargain
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Conspiracy theory about John Q. Adams's 1824 victory leveled by supporters of Jackson.
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Diplomacy
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The conducting of negotiations between nations and the drawing up of treaties. The act of concluding an alliance to national advantage.
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Francis Cabot Lowell
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Boston merchant who improved on the power loom and opened America's first mill.
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Henry Clay
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Congressman from Kentucky and the mastermind behind the Missouri Compromise.
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Internal improvements
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The building of canals and roads, the improvement of harbors, and the clearing of rivers to improve transportation and stimulate commerce. To be done with the help of the national government, this was a major part of the postwar nationalistic program. The concept was opposed by those who felt it was too expensive or was an unconstitutional assumption of the rights and responsibilities of the states.
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John Jacob Astor
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Head of the American Fur Company whose business extended to the Rockies after 1812.
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Missouri Compromise
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1820 deal proposed by Henry Clay to solve the growing sectional dispute over slavery.
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Monroe Doctrine
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President James Monroe's declaration in 1823 that the Western Hemisphere was off limits to further European colonization and that the United States would consider any effort by the European powers "to extend their system to any portion of this hemisphere as dangerous to our peace and safety."
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Mountain Men
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Mostly young, single white men who worked as fur trappers in the Far West.
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Necessary-and-proper clause
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The clause in the Constitution (Article I, Section 8) that authorizes Congress to make "all laws" necessary and proper to carry out its powers; also called the "elastic" or "implied powers" clause.
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The clause in the Constitution (Article I, Section 8) that authorizes Congress to make "all laws" necessary and proper to carry out its powers; also called the "elastic" or "implied powers" clause.
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Conflict begun when Andrew Jackson seized Spanish forts at St. Marks and Pensacola.
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Simon Bolivar
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Liberator of Venezuela who called an international conference of the Americas in 1826.
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Stephen H. Long
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Explorer of Nebraska and Colorado who wrote erroneously of the "Great American Desert."
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Tallmadge Amendment
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Amendment proposed by a New York representative in 1819 to prohibit slavery in Missouri.
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The Monroe Doctrine
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Foreign policy dictum which declared that Europe should no longer intervene in the Americas.
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Wildcat bank
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Usually defined as a state bank in the West, organized with little capital resources, free with credit, and generally unsound. These banks were responsible for much of the land speculation in the West, and when the bank of the United States began to tighten credit restrictions, they were among the first to fail. This had much to do with the West's dislike for the Bank.
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William Becknell
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Missouri trader who helped to establish the Santa Fe Trail by selling cheap U.S. goods.
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Worcester v. Georgia
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Case which declared that only the federal government could regulate U.S. access to Cherokee lands.
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Era of Good Feelings
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A spirit of nationalism that persisted after the war of 1812, the era of good feelings contained an economic expansion, white settlement and trade in the west, and the creation of new states.
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Chartering the Second Bank
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With the expiration of the first Bank's charter in 1811, a large number of state banks had begun operation. But because each often issued large quantities of bank notes without retaining enough reserves of gold or silver on demand, actual value of the notes depended on the bank's reputation. Because Congress became aware of this currency problem, the second bank was chartered in 1816. The size of the national bank served to compel state banks to issue currency with sound investment or risk being forced out of business.
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Steamboats-
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while Robert Fulton and others refined the idea, steamboats allowed a great deal of cargo to be moved from down the Mississippi to the Ohio River and up the Ohio river as far as Pittsburgh.
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National Road
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Established due to a need for a better transportation system. First promised to Ohio in 1803 when it entered the Union, national road construction began in 1811 at Cumberland, Maryland on the Potomac and by 1818 ran as far as Wheeling Virginia on the Ohio River.(had a crushed stone surface and stone bridges)
The national roads led to manufacturers (textiles) moving from the Atlantic seaboard to the Ohio Valley even with the additional fares. - Over these roads, stagecoaches, Conestoga wagons, private carriages, and other vehicles traveled (made transportation costs lower than before) |
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. Erie Canal
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It was the first transportation system between the eastern seaboard (New York City) and the western interior (Great Lakes) of the United States that did not require portage, was faster than carts pulled by draft animals, and cut transport costs by about 95%.
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Seminole War
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Andrew Jackson on the Florida frontier had orders from Calhoun to stop the continuing raids on American territory by Seminole Indians south of the border but Jackson invaded Florida, seized Spanish forts St. Marks and Pensacola, and hanged two British subjects (charged with supplying and inciting the Indians)
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. Florida Purchase and the Adams-Onis Treaty
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While John Quincy Adams reasoned with the Spanish minister Luis de Onis, Adams implied that the nation might consider taking Florida by force. This lead to Onis coming terms with the Americans. Under the Onis Treaty, Spain ceded all of Florida to the United States and gave up its territory north of the 42nd parallel to the Pacific Northwest. In return the American govt gave up claims to Texas.
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Monroe Doctrine
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In 1823, Monroe announced a policy under which the United States would consider any foreign challenges to the sovereignty of the American nations an unfriendly act. The doctrine emerged out of America's relations with Europe in 1820's and the fear that Spain's European allies (France) might assist Spain in an effort to retake its lost Empire. Or, that Britain might take Cuba from the Spanish.
a. Europeans leave newly freed republics alone in Western Hemisphere |
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Panic of 1819 and “the monster
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Right after the war of 1812, a period of high foreign demand for american farm produce led to rising prices for farm goods resulted in a land boom in the western US.
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. Missouri Compromise and the 36-30 parallel
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was an agreement passed in 1820 between the pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions in the United States Congress, involving primarily the regulation of slavery in the western territories. It prohibited slavery in the former Louisiana Territory north of the parallel 36°30' north except within the boundaries of the proposed state of Missouri.
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Election of 1824
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end of the Virginia dynasty
b. Henry Clay’s “American System” c. “corrupt bargain”- Jackson had the most electoral votes while Adams had the second greatest amount. Clay was too old to continue and so, Adams was made president and Clay vice president. |
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corrupt bargain
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Jackson had the most electoral votes while Adams had the second greatest amount. Clay was too old to continue and so, Adams was made president and Clay vice president.
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election of 1828
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conflict between Jackson and current president John Quincy Adams. Jackson won because of more democratic movements
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