Apush '10 4-5

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13th Amendment

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officially abolished and continues to prohibit slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. It was adopted on December 6, 1865, and was then declared in a proclamation of Secretary of State William H. Seward on December 18.

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14 Points

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Woodrow Wilson's treaty resolutions that he brought to Versailles after WWI, idea for League of Nations

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14th Amendment

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All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.

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15th Amendment

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prohibits each government in the United States from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's "race, color, or previous condition of servitude" (i.e., slavery). It was ratified on February 3, 1870.

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16th Amendment

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allows the Congress to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the states or basing it on Census results. This amendment overruled Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co. (1895), which limited Congress's authority to levy an income tax.

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17th Amendment

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passed by the Senate on June 12, 1911, the House of Representatives on May 13, 1912, and ratified by the states on April 8, 1913. The amendment supersedes Article I, § 3, Clauses 1 and 2 of the Constitution, transferring Senator selection from each state's legislature to popular election by the people of each state. It also provides a contingency provision enabling a state's governor, if so authorized by the state legislature, to appoint a Senator in the event of a Senate vacancy until either a special or regular election to elect a new Senator is held.

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19th Amendment

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prohibits each state and the federal government from denying any citizen the right to vote because of that citizen's sex. It was ratified on August 18, 1920.

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26th Amendment

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to the United States Constitution standardized the voting age to 18. It was adopted in response to student activism against the Vietnam War and to partially overrule the Supreme Court's decision in Oregon v. Mitchell. It was adopted on July 1, 1971.

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The 3 Rs

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Relief, Recovery, and Reform

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AIM

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American Indian Movement founded in 1968 by Dennis Banks

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A.A.A

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Agricultural Adjustment Administration created during the Great Depression that payed farmers to reduce crop area

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John Adams

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The Second President of the US regarded as one of the most influential founding fathers and famous for resolving the Quasi-War with France

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Sam Adams

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American Revolutionary leader and patriot; an organizer of the Boston Tea Party and signer of the Declaration of Independence

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Jane Adams

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founder of the U.S. Settlement House movement, and the second woman to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.

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Albany Plan

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A proposal by Benjamin Franklin at the Albany Congress in 1754 that was an early attempt at forming a union of the colonies "under one government as far as might be necessary for defense and other general important purposes

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The Alien and Sedition Acts

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Four bills passed in 1789 that were designed to protect the United States from alien citizens of enemy powers and to stop seditious attacks from weakening the government

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American System

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A mercantilist economic plan based on the "American School" ideas of Alexander Hamilton, expanded upon later by Friedrich List, consisting of a high tariff to support internal improvements such as road-building, and a national bank to encourage productive enterprise and form a national currency

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Susan B. Anthony

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A prominent American civil rights leader who played a pivotal role in the 19th century women's rights movement to introduce women's suffrage into the United States

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Antietam

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The first major battle of the civil war to take place on American soil and the bloodiest single day battle in American history

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Chester A Arthur

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An American politician who served as the 21st President of the United States until 1985