Ap11/12/13

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Subsidy

Back 1

A form of government support given to a business pr institution to promote that groups activities.

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Acid mine drainage

Back 2

Pollution caused when sulfuric acid and dangerous dissolved materials such as lead, arsenic, and cadmium wash from coal and metal mines into nearby lakes and streams

Front 3

Acid deposition

Back 3

A type of air pollution in which acid falls from the atmosphere to the surface as precipitation or as dry acid particles.

Front 4

Resource recovery

Back 4

The process of removing any material from polluted emissions or solid waste and selling it as a product.

Front 5

Fluidized-bed combustion

Back 5

A clean-coal technology in which crushed coal is mixed with limestone to neutralize the acidic sulfur compounds

Front 6

Structural trap

Back 6

Underground geological structures that tend to trap any oil or natural gas if it is present.

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kerogen

Back 7

hydrocarbon

Front 8

Fission

Back 8

Splitting of an atom into smaller fragments releasing a large amount of energy.

Front 9

fussion

Back 9

joining of two lightweight atomic nuclei into a single, heavier nucleus, accompanied by a large amount of energy.

Front 10

Nuclear fuel cycle

Back 10

the processes involved in producing the fuel used in nuclear reactors and in disposing radioactive waste.

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Enrichment

Back 11

The process by which uranium ore is refined after mining to increase the concentration of fissionable U-235

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Nuclear reactor

Back 12

A device that initiates and maintains a controlled nuclear fission chain reaction to produce energy for electricity.

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reactor core

Back 13

Fission occurs here. contains fuel assemblies

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Fuel rods

Back 14

contains small uranium pellets. part of the nuclear reactor.

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steam generator

Back 15

uses heat from nuclear fission to produce steam from liquid water

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condenser

Back 16

cools the steam turning it into a liquid.

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turbine

Back 17

uses steam to make electricity

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control rod

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A metal alloy that absorbs neutrons.

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primary water circuit

Back 19

heats water using energy produced by fission reaction

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secondary water circuit

Back 20

water in here is boiled from the reactor core.

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tertiary water circuit

Back 21

provides cool water to the condenser which cools the spent steam in the 2nd water circuit

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reactor vessel

Back 22

a safety feature used to prevent the acciddental release of radiation into the environment

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containment building

Back 23

the reactor vessel and the steam generator are placed here

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breeder nuclear fission

Back 24

a type of nuclear fission where U-238 is converted to plutonium

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spent fuel

Back 25

used fuel elements that irradiate in a nuclear reactor

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Dry cask storage

Back 26

large cylinders of concrete and steel that hold 10 or more metric tons of high level waste

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vitrification

Back 27

solidifying liquid waste into solid glass or ceramic logs

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infared radiation

Back 28

invisible waves of heat

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passive solar heating

Back 29

a system of putting the sun's energy to use without requiring mechanical devices to distribute the collected heat.

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Active solar heating

Back 30

a system of putting the suns energy to use in which a series of collectors absorb the solar energy, and pumps or fans distribute the collected heat

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solar thermal electric generation

Back 31

a means of producing electricity in which the sun's energy is concentrated by mirrors or lenses to either heat a fluid-filled pipe or drive a stirling engine.

Front 32

photovoltaic solar cell

Back 32

a wafer or thin film of solid-state materials, such as silicon or gallium arsenide, that is treated with certain metals so that they generate electricity when they absorb solar energy.

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biomass

Back 33

plant material, including undigested fiber in animal waste, used as fuel.

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wind energy

Back 34

electric or mechanical energy obtained from surface air currents caused by solar warming of air.

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hydropower

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energy that relies on flowing or falling water to generate mechanical energy to electricity

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biogas

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mixture of gases, is stored and transported like natural gas.

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ocean temperature gradients

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the differences in temperature at various ocean depths.

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geothermal energy

Back 38

the use of energy from earths interior for either space heating or the generation of electricity.

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tidal energy

Back 39

a form of renewable energy that relies on the ebb and flow of the tides to generate electricity.

Front 40

geothermal heat pumps

Back 40

underground arrangement of pipes containing circulating fluids to extract natural heat in winter when earth acts as a heat source.

Front 41

electrolysis

Back 41

process of using electricity to seperate water into O2 and H2 which can be separately captured and stored.

Front 42

Fuel cell

Back 42

electrochemical cell similar to a battery.

Front 43

cogeneration

Back 43

produce of 2 useful forms of energy from the same fue.