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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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30.Identify/discuss the important outcomes of the Council of Nicaea
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Decided Jesus was divine and human
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Explain the effects St. Augustine had on Christian thought.
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Writings made Christianity an intellectually respectable alternative to Hellenistic philosophy and popular religions of salvation.Built powerful church after granted freedom of preach.
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Discuss the collapse of the western half of the Roman Empire and the imperial survival for another 1,000 years.
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Visigoths migrated over to Rome in 2nd Century CE and adopted Roman culture and tradition.In 4th Century Huns, led by Attila, invaded and slaughtered their kind.Being led by Alaric, Visigoths stormed Rome in 410 CE after planting numerous settlements in imperial boundaries.Killed last emperor in Western Rome Romulus Augustulus in 476 CE.
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27.Analyze the accomplishments of Constantine
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Won internal struggle in Roman Empire after his father's retirement (305 CE) and became sole emperorCreated capital of Constantinople in Istanbul, turkey. (Strategic site because it overlooked the strait linking the Black Sea to the Sea of Marmara)Created Edict of Milan; which allowed Christians to worship freely. (313 CE)
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26.Discuss the impact of epidemic diseases around 600 C.E.
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Both Chinese and Mediterranean populations fallen quarter to a third from high points. 27.Analyze the accomplishments of Constantine
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24.Describe the significance of the port of Berenice
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Was important because it help facilitate trade and also as a station for ships that protected sea-lanes and maritime trade.
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23.Discuss the breakdown of roman society by class in the second century C.E.
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Eldest male ruler of household = paterfamiliesWomen often held much control over financial and domestic affairs.Slaves made up 1/3 of population and the cruel conditions they lived in led to revolts.
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22.Explain the effects of the Roman conquest of Gaul, Germany, Britain, and Spain..
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These regions were areas that were sparsely populated occupied by cultivators who lived in small villages. The introduction of the Romans enabled these small areas to be stimulated into the development of local economies and states.
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21.Discuss who Cleopatra was and what kind of ruler she was.
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Cleopatra was the last Ptolemaic ruler that joined forces with Mark Antony and was defeated by Augustus
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20.Explain the importance of the Roman battle at Actium
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This naval battle was important because this is where Augustus defeated his principal rival Mark Antony
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19.Discuss the political philosophy of Julius Caesar:
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Giving the plebeians and lower classes land and food to increase their lot in life
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18.Understand the political system/structure of the Early Roman Republic:
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509 BCE: Roman Republic founded and Roman Constitution entrusted executive responsibilities to two consuls who welded military and civil power. Consols chosen by an assembly made up of aristocratic people and had a one-year term.Senate advised the consuls and ratified all major decisions. Plebeians: The poorPatricians: Wealthy people
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17.Explain the beliefs of Socrates
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Said that human beings could lead honest lives and that honor was far more important than wealth, fame or other superficial attributes.Three beliefs:Human beings had a duty to strive for personal integrity Behave honorably toward others Construct a just society
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16.Influence of Pericles of Athens
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Brought about democracy in Athens Under his guidance, Athens grew Sophisticated with scientists, philosophers, poets, artists, and architects. Provided contraction jobs for the poor
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15.Explain the events of the time of Pericles.
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Population growth and economic development brought political and social strain to Athens and Sparta; but Athens decided to deal with it in a more demographic way.6th Century BCE; Growing Class of people unhappy with the structure of their society and poised to engage in war against their wealthy neighbors.Solon of Athens called for aristocrats to kelp their land, but cancel debts, forbade debt slavery, and liberated those already in debt slavery.
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14.Describe the purpose of the Bhagavad Gita
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The deliver mankind from the darkness of material existence
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13.Explain contributing factors to the collapse of the Gupta state
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Gupta government left everything to local government and administration so that it easily split in the 5th Century CE. Gupta defense against the Huns left them depleted of resources and weak enough that they took over by the end of the 5th Century.
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12.Describe the results of the fall of the Mauryan Empire in India.
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After their fall, local rulers formed a series of Kingdoms that brought order to large regions.Northeastern India fell under control of Greek speaking conquerors from Bactria.
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11.Understand (Several chapters cover this) the exploits of Alexander of Macedon
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334 BCE: Alexander of Macedon attacked Achaemenid empire and conquered Persepolis333 BCE; Conquered Ionia and Anatolia plus Syria, Palestine, and Egypt.Established numerous settlements in conquered lands
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10.Explain the influences of Han Wudi
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He basically slayed. He did not strive for complete power, more freedom, and lower taxes.
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2. Describe the major early turning point in the rise of the Persian Empire.
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Victory of Cyrus over Lydia
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4. Discuss how the different Persian Empires respected (toleration)/disregarded the subjects of their realm.
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Cyrus and Cambyses accepted periodic "gifts" from followers Cyrus and Darius both consciously pursued a policy of toleration: which meant that they took great care in respecting the values and cultural traditions of the people they ruled. Darius won high praise by allowing the Jews to return to Jerusalem and rebuild the temple that Babylonian conquerors had destroyed in 587 BCE. Darius didn't abolish existing laws of individual lands or peoples, or impose a uniform law code on his entire empire, instead, he simply tweaked them a bit so all harmonized with the legal principles observed in the empire as a whole.All three allowed and respected different religions manifesting in their communities as long as people paid their taxes and debts.Xerxes, the ruler after Darius, abolished the policy of toleration and sought to impose his values on conquered lands while flouting his Persian heritage.
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5. Understand the social structure of the Medes and Persians and who they were similar to.
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Both are similar because their social structure consisted primarily of warriors, priests, and peasants.Similar to Aryan in IndiaMainly followed Steppe Traditions until the establishment of the Achaemenid Empire, where they started to follow a semi nomadic lifestyle.Family and clan relationship important for the organization of Persian political and social affairs, while male warriors were heads of the clans.Development of cosmopolitan empire led to bureaucrats taking the lead in the Persian social structure.Persian society began to consist of free individual s who did not enjoy the privileges of clan leaders and important bureaucrats.Next in line were priestsThen came the peasants Last were the slaves
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6. Understand how Zarathustra viewed the world
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The material world is a blessing; heavenly paradise and hellish realm as reward and paradise
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7. Describe the Mencius Philosophy
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“Human nature is good” and then “Man’s original nature becomes evil when his wishes are not fulfilled” its a good vs evil concept.
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8. Explains the beliefs and creation of Daoism
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It Featured prominent critics of Confucian activism. The religion preferred philosophical reflection and introspection, a life in harmony with nature. Laozi, founder of Daoism, allegedly wrote the Daodejing (classic of the way and of virtue). The Dao is the way of nature, the way of the cosmos. Elusive Concept: an eternal principle governing all the workings of the world.
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1.23. Xerxes
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Fourth king of the Achaemenid empire; Ruled from 486 BC until his assassination 465 BCover ambitious ruler that tried to force his own religion on the rest of his citizens.
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1.22. Hearers
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Less zealous Manichaeans (more zealous were called the elect)lived by strict moral code and provided food and gifts for elect.
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1.21. Marcus Aurelius
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Roman Emperor (180 C.E.) died of smallpox
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1.20. Rhapta
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A port in Africa, principal commercial center on east African coast (late centuries BC)
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1.19. Stoicism
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School of Hellenistic philosophy founded in Athens by Zeno of Citium in the early 3rd century B.C. Sought to identify a set of universal moral standards based on nature and reason that would transcend local ethical codes.
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1.18. Mare nostrum
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“Our Sea” Romans called the Mediterranean sea
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1.17. Tacitus
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Was a senator and historian of the early Roman empire
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1.16. Bacchae
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The best tragedy Euripides ever wrote that is based on the Greek myth of King Pentheus of Thebes and his mother Agave, and their punishment by the god Dionysus. (Premiered in 405 BC)
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1.11. Hindu principles, including Dharma, Karma, etc.
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Dharma- Obedience to religion and moral laws Artha- Pursuit of economic well-being and honest prosperity Karma- Enjoyment of social, physical, and sexual pleasure Moksha- Salvation of the soul; attained by balance of Dharma, Artha, and Karma |
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1.10. Ahimsa
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Non-violence to souls; believed by Jains
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1.7. Maodun (the arrow guy)
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Most successful leader of nomadic competition of china, Xiongnu; Ruled 210-174 BCE from Aral Sea – Yellow Sea
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1.6. Imperial University/creation of
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Created by Han Wudi (124 B.C.E.) Prepared young men for government service official ideology was confucianism
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1.3. Parthian
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Established themselves as lords of a powerful empire based in Iran that extended to wealthy Mesopotamia; more or less organized nomads
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