Ap World History Unit 1

Front 1

Clovis Culture

Back 1

prehistoric people near new mexico

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Flores man

Back 2

supposed extinct species in Homo genus

3.5 feet tall, flores indonesia

Front 3

Gathering and Hunting peoples

Back 3

men hunt, woman gather on move social equality

Front 4

Human Revolution

Back 4

a rapid expansion 50,000 years ago of Homo sapiens within and out of Africa.

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Ice Age

Back 5

ended 30k bce

made earth colder

Front 6

Jomon culture

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japanese near 10000 bce to 300 bce

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neanderthals

Back 7

extinct humans

Front 8

paleolithic

Back 8

distinguished by stone tools and hunt gathering

Front 9

paleolithic "settling down"

Back 9

agricultural revolution, 10k bce

Front 10

san or Ju/'huansi

Back 10

the bushmen

oldest indigenous people on earth

africa

Front 11

shaman

Back 11

can influence world of good and bad

Front 12

Venus figurines

Back 12

prehistoric statuettes from paleolithic era

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Agricultural (Neolithic) Revolution

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development of agriculture

Front 14

Banpo

Back 14

yellow river valley civilization

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Bantu

Back 15

west african; 2000 bce; group of people that spoke bantu language

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Bantu Migration

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migrate south and east but not north bc of sahara ~ 3k yrs ago

Front 17

broad spectrum diet

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switched focus from few food sources to many in farming

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Cahokia

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800 ce; mississippi river civilization

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Catalhuyuk

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in anotolia; studied by historians; large

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chiefdom

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hierarchy based on kinship

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cultural diffusion

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A social process resulting in the transfer of beliefs, values, and social activities (like games or sports) from one society to another

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domestication

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the taming of animals for human use, such as work or as food

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fertile crescent

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Fertile Crescent

an arc of cultivable land characterized by wooded hillsides and alluvial valleys which runs northwestward along the Zagros Mountains of Iran, loops around the northern rim of the Syrian Desert, and extends southward parallel to the eastern shore of the Mediterranean
- the Tigris-Euphrates and Jordan river valleys are also conventionally considered part of the Fertile Crescent
- the earlist physical traces of farming settlements in the world are located in this region

Front 24

jarmo

Back 24

northern iraq; old example of agriculture

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jericho

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early walled urban culture site based on sedentary agriculture, located in modern Israeli occupied West Bank near Jordan river

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mesopotamia

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tigris and euphrates river valley

Front 27

pastoral society

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a society in which food is obtained primarily by raising and taking care of animals

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stateless society

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society not governed by state

Front 29

teosinte

Back 29

grasses in mexico and central america

Front 30

Indus River Valley

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river that sources in the Himalayas and flows to its mouth in the Arabian Sea; location of the early civilizations Harappa and Mohenjo Daro

Front 31

Vedic Era

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A period in the history of India 1500 - 1000 BCE; a period of transition from nomadic pastoralism to settled village communities, with cattle the major form of wealth.

Front 32

Epic Age

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A period of time in India that followed the Vedic Age and lasted from 1000-600 B.C.E. in India. The important epics of the time were Mahabharata, Upanishads and Ramayana.

Front 33

cuneiform

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Wedge shaped symbols on clay tablets representing objects, abstract ideas, sounds, and syllables. World's first written language.

Front 34

what was the Gift of the Nile

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When it floods, it left rich fertile soil. The soil is the gift.

Front 35

Epic of Gilgamesh

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A poem of Mesopotamia. About the powerful ruler, Gilgamesh. Recounts his adventures and describes him as part human and divine.

Front 36

Harappa

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The sister city of Mohenjo Daro. Living was extravagant. Indus River Valley

Front 37

hatshepsut

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Famous queen of Egypt. Was sometimes depicted as a man.

Front 38

Hebrews

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People that had a single deity: Yahweh. They migrated from Mesopotami to Palestine and Egypt.

Front 39

Hieroglyphs

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"Sacred Carvings" A series of designs that denote words and consonants. For businesses, religion, stories, etc.

Front 40

cradle of civilization

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Sites where the early civilizations emerged. Includes the river valleys.

Front 41

Hittites

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People based in Anatolia. Had new technology and overran Babylonia of Mesopotamia.

Front 42

Hyksos

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Had new technology. Took over Egypt for more than a century.

Front 43

mandate of heaven

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Ideology of China. Called the ruler the "son of Heaven". Ruler served as bridge between Earth and Heaven.

Front 44

Minoan civilization

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People on the island of Crete. Dominated the sea.

Front 45

Mohenjo Daro

Back 45

Largest city of the Indus Valley civilization. Has a sister city of Harappa. Had luxurious living.

Front 46

Norte Chico/Caral

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The central coast of Peru. Made up of 25 urban centers- largest city was Caral.

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Nubia

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A civilization farther south along the Nile. Independent civilization.

Front 48

Olmec

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Another First Civilization. Along the coast of the Gulf of Mexico. Rose from many chiefdoms and created the first language in the Americas.

Front 49

oracle bones

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The writing of China. They were pictorgraphs. Inscribed on shells and bones.

Front 50

patriarchy

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A social system where it is mainly dominated by men.

Front 51

pharaoh

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Literally "Big House". Kings of Egypt. People believed the pharaoh was the "son of Re"

Front 52

phoenicians

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Active in the Mediterranean basin and were influenced by Mesopotamia. Had a migration across Eurasia. language phonetics

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pyramid

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a massive memorial with a square base and four triangular sides

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quipu

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Inca counting device. Was a series of knotted cords.

Front 55

rise of the state

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The recognition that the complexity of life in cities or populated territories required some authority and coordination.

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shang dynasty

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The dynasty that enlarged the states, made large tombs, and buried thousands of humans for sacrifice.

Front 57

Son of Heaven

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Ancient Chinese Kings. Performed rituals to keep the cosmos in balance.

Front 58

Teotihuacan

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A subsequent civilization that was influenced by Olmecs.

Front 59

Uruk

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Mesopotamia's largest city. Had huge walls and a ziggurat. Was visible for miles around.

Front 60

Zhou dynasty

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The dynasty in which people ruled by the Mandate of Heaven.

Front 61

ziggurat

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A temple of Mesopotamia. Considered the most important structure in the city states.