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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Intelligence?
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Mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations.
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Factor Analysis?
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A statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items (called factors) on a test; used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie one's total score.
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General Intelligence?
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A general intelligence factor that according to Spearman and others underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test.
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Savant Syndrome?
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A condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as in computation or drawing.
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Emotional Intelligence?
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The ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions.
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Creativity?
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The ability to produce novel and valuable ideas.
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Intelligence Test?
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A method for assessing an individual's mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores.
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Mental Age?
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A measure of intelligence test performance devised by Binet; the chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance. Thus, a child who does as well as the average 8 year old is said to have a mental age of 8.
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Stanford-Binet?
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The widely used American revision (by Terman at Stanford University) of Binet's original intelligence test.
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Intelligence Quotient?
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Defined originally as the ratio of mental age to chronological age multiplied by 100. On contemporary intelligence tests, the average performance for a given age is assigned a score of 100.
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Aptitude Test?
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A test designed to predict a person's future performance; aptitude is the capacity to learn.
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Achievement Test?
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A test designed to assess what a person has learned.
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Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale?
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The WAIS is the most widely used intelligence test; contains verbal and performance subtests.
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Standardization?
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Defining meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested standardization group.
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Normal Curve?
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The symmetrical bell-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many physical and psychological attributes. Most scores fall near the average, and fewer and fewer scores lie near the extremes.
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Reliability?
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The extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores on two halves of the test, on alternate forms of the test, or on retesting.
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Validity?
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The extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to.
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Content Validity?
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The extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest.
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Criterion?
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The behavior that a test is designed to predict; thus, the measure used in defining whether the test had predictive validity.
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Predictive Validity?
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The success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict; it is assessed by computing the correlation between test scores and the criterion behavior.
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Mental Retardation?
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A condition of limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence score of 70 or below and difficulty in adapting to the demands of life; varies from mild to profound.
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Down Syndrome?
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A condition of retardation and associated physical disorders caused by an extra chromosome in one's genetic makeup.
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Stereotype Threat?
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A self-confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype.
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