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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
how does one become a member of a party
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declare you are a member
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how political parties are structured
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local
state national |
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patronage
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awarding political jobs based soley on political leaning and not by merit or competence
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state parties
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hold primaries or caucuses to send delegates with votes to the national convention for presidential candidates
they choose the type of primary |
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national committee
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on of the institutions that keeps the party operation between conventions and deals w/ policy issues
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national chairperson
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person who hires staff to take care of the day-to-day activities in order to keep the party running
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party electorate
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those who have registered under a given party
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party organization
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office with staff, rules, bylaw and make $ for the next election
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party in government
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officials who have been elected into office
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political party
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a group of ppl that are trying to win elections
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purpose of "nominations"
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narrow down the list of candidates
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Primary goals of political parties
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raise $
inform ppl select who runs for office advocate policy |
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political parties as linkage institutions
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translates input of the people to the output of policymakers
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ticketsplitting
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voting 2 ways in an election
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Trends in independence
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in the past 50 years there has been and increase in independent voters
democrats have lost the most |
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proportion of parties
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independents
democrats republicans |
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closed primaries
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must be registered with a specific party to vote
(most used) |
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open primaries
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choose which ballot you want the day of the election
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blanket primary
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everyone stuck on the same ballot
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Critical elections
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realignment of political association, new issues emerge, new coalitions, majority party is toppled.
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party realignment
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changing parties
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party dealignment
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where ppl decide not to associate with any party
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party platforms
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unify voice of a party
all parties have them accomplish 75% of what they say |
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Republican era
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1860-1928
defined by anti-slavery which united the Republican party and split the democratic party also a 2nd era was when Democrat William Jennings Brian supported getting off the gold standard and everyone got scared and voted Republican |
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New Deal era
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1932-1964
Coming out of the great depression with Roosevelt's New Deal proposal. Everyone was upset with Republicans lack of reform. |
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Era of Divided Government
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1968 to the Present
There hasn't been a serious pattern of control |
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Make up of the New Deal Coalition
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everyone but rich ppl big business owners
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party loyalty in recent years
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has declined
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importance/effects of third parties
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new issues, new groups, specific to a certain idea, take away votes from big parties
never win |
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Factors that suggest political parties influence in US is diminishing
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dealignment
no patronage candidates run campaigns w/o support of party people have influence since party reform party doesn't have control of officials responsible to interest groups |
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national convention
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set platform (determined before)
make nominations look like everyone agrees |
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how caucuses work
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precinct county and state levels
each level you vote for a candidate and delegates move to the next level |
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1968 Democratic convention
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everyone got upset about the Vietnam war and there were riots
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Changes after 1968 in democratic nomination
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it has become more democratic and there has been an increase in women minorities and young people at the conventions
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McGovern-Fraiser Commison
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made the nomination more democratic
called for an increase in allowing minorities to come to the nomination |
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Superdelgates
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done by democratic party
15% of all the delgates at the national convention are hand-picked by the party and have them for the candidate they want to have the nomination |
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How dates of primaries and caucuses are set
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informal agreement
set by state law/parties |
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importance of new hampshire and iowa in the presidential race
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they go first and recieve 40% of all media attention
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national primary
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everyone votes the same day
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pro national primary
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less money
less travel less candidates away from the job direct and simple |
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con national primary
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media goes to the big states
hurts the little men hard to build momentum |
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regional primary
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break the country into 5 different regions and vote in a certain block of weeks
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pro regional primary
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gives more edge to the little guy
compacts process less travel less time breaks up who goes first to change media coverage |
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con regional primary
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the little guy is still hurt
still emphasis on bigger states in the region agreeing on regional boundaries same reasons as national just not to such a large degree |
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why conventions are no longer significant
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there isn't any suspense
and everyone usually knows who it is before the convention |
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FECA
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1974
passed because of Watergate scandal -created FEC -created public financing of presidential elections -public disclosure reports -limits on contributions -imposed spending limits |
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Buckley v. Valeo ruling
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-challenged FECA under the First Amendment
-upheld limits on contributions -struck down expenditure limits -struck down limits on personal spending -upheld reporting requirements |
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McCain-Feingold Act
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made soft $ illegal
prohibited state parties from spending soft money banned ppl under 18 to make contibutions no outside ads up until 60 days before election |
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soft money
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no limits
political contributions earmarked for party-building expenses at the grass-roots level for generic party advertising. |
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direct mail
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finding potential supporters by sending information and a request for money to huge lists of ppl who have supported people with similar views in the past
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PACs
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made by groups of people with the only intent of donating money
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importance of PAC $
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it is important in congressional races because congress is the policy makers
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