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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
afferent nerves(sensory)
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receives input from receptors scattered throughout the body
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voluntary or efferent nerves
(motor) |
sends signals out to voluntary muscles
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involuntary or autonomic nerves
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controls numerous automated bodily functions
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neurons
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the basic nerve cell
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glia
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specialized connective tissue cell
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dendrites
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consists of one or more branching projections that receives impulses and sends them to the cell body or axon
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axons located outside the cns often have a segmented wrapping around them called
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myelin
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the outer mambrane of a schawnn cell is called
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neurilema
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astrocyte
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larger "star cells" that attach to neurons and small blood vessels bringing them together
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two-neuron reflex arcs
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consists of one sensory neuron a wich receives impulse, and one motor neuron wich connects with an "effector"
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three nuron reflex arcs
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have an additional neuron called interneuron wich is located between sensory and motor neurons
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synapse
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a junction where two neurons meet to pass impulses from one to the other
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presynaptic neuron
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bring impulse into synpse
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postsynaptic neuron
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receives the impulse across the synapse
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neurotransmitter
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chemicals wich neurons communicate
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brain stem consists of
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medula oblingata(infirior)
pons(next supirior) midbrain(most supirior) |
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foramen magnum
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large opening at base of skull where medulla rests that controls vital centers
(cardiac, resp., vesselmotor) |
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diencephalon
two structures located here |
hypothalmus
thalmus |
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"ADH" antidiuretic hormones
(hypothalmus) |
hormone produced in the posterior pittuitary gland to regulate balance of water in the body
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cva
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cerebral vascular accident
now known as brain attack |
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spinal cord
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is aproximaly 17" to 18"
has ascending "sensory" and descending "motor" |
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layers of meninges
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dura mater, pia mater and arachnoid
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"CSF" cerebral spinal fluid
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-baths the brain and spinal cord
-forms from the blood circulates and reabsorbed by the blood |
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hydrocephalus
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blockage of the flow circuit that causes water in the brain
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tenth cranial nerve that controls functions of the heart, lungs, thoracic and abdominal cavities
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-vagus nerve
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autonomic nervous system
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controls impulse from brain or spinal cord to :
-cardiac muscle tissue -smooth mscle tissue -selected glandular tissue |
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sympathetic nervous system
-consists of selected autonomic motor neurons that terminate in nerve bundles called |
ganglia
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pre-ganglionic neurons
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conduct impulses between spinal cord and ganglia
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post-ganglionic neurons
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conducts impulses from gaglia to target sites
(norepinephrine triggers it) |
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target tissues(cardiac muscle,smooth muscle, glandular tissue) are known as
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autonomic or visceral effectors
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Formation of the cerebrospinal fluid occurs in the
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choroid plexus
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The limbic system integrates
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emotion
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Acetylcholine binds to
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cholinergic receptors
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Nerves that originate from the brain are called
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cranial nerves
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The white, fatty substance that surrounds an axon is called
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myelin
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Cells that conduct the impulses are called
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neurons
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