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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Gene |
A discrete unit of heredity information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA (or RNA, in some viruses) |
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Nucleic Acid |
A polymer (polynucleotide) consisting of many nucleotide monomers; serves as a blueprint for proteins and, through the actions of proteins, for all cellular activities. The two types are DNA and RNA |
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Deoxyribonucleic Acid |
A double-stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule capable of replicating and determining the inherited structure of a cell's proteins |
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Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) |
A type of nucleic acid consisting of nucleotide monomers with a ribose sugar and the nitrogenous bases adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), Uracil (U); usually single-stranded; functions in protein synthesis and as the genome of some viruses |
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Polynucleotides |
A polymer consisting of many nucleotide monomers; serves as a blueprint for proteins and through the actions of proteins, for all cellular activities. The two types are DNA and RNA |
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Nucleotide |
The building block of a nucleic acid, consisting of a five-carbon sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group |
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Pyrimidine |
One of two types of nitrogenous bases found in nucleotides. Cytosine (C), thymine(T), and uracil (U) are pyrimidines |
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Purine |
One of two types of nitrogenous bases found in nucleotides. Adenine (A) and Guanine (A) are purines |
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Ribose |
The sugar component of RNA |
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Deoxyribose |
The sugar component of DNA, having one less hydroxyl group than ribose, the sugar component of RNA |
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Double Helix |
The form of native DNA, referring to its two adjacent polynucleotide strands wound into a spiral shape |
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Antiparallel |
The opposite arrangement of the sugar-phosphate backbones in a DNA double helix |
