Ap Biology: Topic 8- Plant Form And Function

Front 1

Root system

Back 1

beneath the ground that is a multicellular organ which anchors the plant, absorbs water and minerals, and often stores sugars and starches

Front 2

Fibrous roots

Back 2

made up of a mat of thin roots that are spread just below the soils surface.

Front 3

Taproots

Back 3

are made up of one thick, vertical root with many lateral roots that come out from it.

Front 4

Root Hairs

Back 4

increase the surface area enormously, making efficient absorption of water aned minerals possible.

Front 5

Mycorrhizae

Back 5

the symbiotic relationship with fungi at the tips of the roots. It assists in the absorption process and are found in the vast majority of all plants.

Front 6

shoot system

Back 6

above the gound that works as a multicellular organ consisting of stem and leaves.

Front 7

Stem

Back 7

Function primarily to display leaves.

Front 8

Terminal Bud

Back 8

located at the top end of the stem where growth usually occurs. In apical dominance, the terminal bud prohibits the growth of the axillary buds. this concentrates the growth of the plant upward, toward more light.

Front 9

Axillary Buds

Back 9

are located in the V formed between the leaf and the stem: these buds have the potential to form a branch (or lateral shoot)

Front 10

Leaves

Back 10

main photosynthetic organ in mist plants.

Front 11

Pant Organ Tissue- Dermal tissue

Back 11

a single layer of closely packed cells that cover the entrie plant and protect it againts water loss and invasion of pathogens like viruses and bacteria.

Front 12

Cuticle

Back 12

protects plant from water loss. Part of Dermal tissue

Front 13

Vascular Tissue

Back 13

is continous through the plant and transports materials between the the roots and shoots.

Front 14

Xylem

Back 14

transports water and minerals up fromt he roots

Front 15

Phloem

Back 15

transports food from the leaves to the other parts of the plant.

Front 16

Ground Tissue

Back 16

anything that isn't dermal tissue or vascular tissue. Any ground tissue located inside the vascular tissue is pith; any ground tissue outside the vascular tissue is cortex.

Front 17

Parenchyma Cells

Back 17

the most abundant cell type and are present throughout the plant. these cells perform most of the metabolism (including photosynthesis) in the plant.

Front 18

Collenchyma Cells

Back 18

Grouped in cylinders and help support growing parts of the plant. The strings of celery are composed of vascular tissue surroudned and supported by collenchyma cells.

Front 19

Sclerenchyma Cells

Back 19

exist in parts of the cell that are no longer growing. They have tough cell walls specialized for support

Front 20

Xylem Cells

Back 20

have two types of water conducting cells: tracheids and vessels that are dead at functional maturity.

Front 21

Tracheids

Back 21

are long, thin cells with thick secondary cell; walls strengthened with lignin. Water moves from cell to cell mainly through the pits, where the water does not have to cross the secondary cell walls.

Front 22

Vessels

Back 22

Are found primarily in angiosperms. They have both pits and performed end walls for water movement.

Front 23

Phloem Cells

Back 23

Conduct sugar and other organic compounds. Phloem is composed of two types of cells, sieve tubes and companion cells, both alive at maturity.