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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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absorption spectrum
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The range of a pigment's ability to absorb various wavelengths of light.
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Action spectrum
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A graph that depicts the relative effectiveness of different wavelengths of radiation in driving a particular process.
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autotroph
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An organism that obtains organic food molecules without eating other organisms or substances derived from other organisms. Use the energy from the sun or from the oxidation of inorganic substances to make organic molecules from inorganic ones.
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C3 plant
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A plant that uses the Calvin cycle for the initial steps that incorporate CO2 into organic material, forming a three-carbon compound as the first stable intermediate.
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C4 plant
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A plant that prefaces the Calvin cycle with reactions that incorporate CO2 into a four-carbon compound, the end product of which supplies CO2 for the Calvin cycle.
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CAM plant
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A plant that uses crassulacean acid metabolism, an adaption for photosynthesis in arid conditions, first discovered in the family Crassulaceae. Carbon dioxide entering open stomata during the night is converted into organic acids, which release CO2 for the Calvin cycle during the day, when stomata are closed.
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carotenoid
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An accessory pigment, either yellow or orange, in the chloroplasts of plants. By absorbing wavelengths of light that chlorophyll cannot, carotenoids broaden the spectrum of colors that can drive photosynthesis.
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electromagnetic spectrum
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the entire spectrum of radiation ranging in wavelength from less than a nonometer to more than a kilometer
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meterotroph
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an organism that obtains organic food molecules by eating other organisms or their by-products.
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mesophyll
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the ground tissue of a leaf, sandwiched between the upper and lower epidermis and specialized for photosynthesis.
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photon
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a quantum, or discrete amount, of light energy
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photorespiration
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a metabolic pathway that consumes oxygen, releases carbon dioxide, generates no ATP, and decreases photosynthetic output; generally occurs on hot, bright days, when stomata close and the oxygen concentration on the leaf exceeds that of carbon dioxide.
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stroma
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the fluid of the choloroplast surrounding the thylakoid membrane; involved in the synthesis of organic molecules from carbon dioxide and water
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visible light
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the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum detected as various colors by the human eye, ranging in wavelength from about 380nm to about 750nm
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wavelength
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the distance between crests of waves, such as those of the electromagnetic spectrum
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PEP carboxylase
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an enzyme that adds carbon dioxide to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to form oxaloacetate
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