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23 Cards in this Set

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  • Back
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What is a negatively charged ion?
anion
think about what negative starts with.
atom
The smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element.

C,H,O,P,N,S
think size.
C,H,O,P,N,S
atoms.

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, phospate, nitrogen, sulfur.
what's the order of the hierarchy of structural levels?
atomic, molecular, organelle, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism.
define compound
substance consisting of two or more elements combined in a fixed ration.

ie. table salt.
The total atomic mass, which is the mass in grams of one mole of the atom.
Atomic weight
atomic number
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, unique for each element and designated by a subscript to the left of the elemental symbol.
substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions.
element
How many elements occur in nature?
92
what are subatomic particles?
neutrons, protons, and electrons.
define mass number
the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. Written as a superscript before the element.
difference between atomic number and mass number?
mass number uses both protons and neutrons, atomic uses only protons.
mass- superscript
atomic- subscript.
define isotope
one of several atomic forms of an element, each containing a different number of neutrons (changing atomic mass).
what is potential energy?
energy that matter stores because of its position of location.
what are trace elements?
elements required by an organism in minute quantities.
where are neutrons and protons found?
in the atomic nucleus.
what are the charges in an atom?
proton- positive.
neutron- neutral.
electron- negative.
what isotope makes the nucleus decay spotaneously?
Radioactive.
why are radioactive isotopes important?
they are used as tracers to follow atoms through metabolism, the chemical processes of an organism.
define energy
the ability to do work.
true/false: an electron can exist in between fixed states of potential energy.
false
what is a covalent bond?
A type of strong chemical bond in which two atoms share one pair of valence electrons.
define electronegativity
The attraction of an atom for the electrons of a covalent bond.