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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Superior vena cava |
Returns blood from body regions superior to the diaphragm. |
SUPERIOR |
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Inferior vena cava |
Returns blood from body areas below the diaphragm. |
INFERIOR |
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Coronary sinus |
Collects blood draining from the myocardium |
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Trabeculae carneae |
Marks the internal walls of the ventricular chambers |
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atrioventricular valve |
Two of them in heart. They prevent back flow of blood into the atria. |
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Tricuspid valve |
Right av valve. Has three flexible cusps. |
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Bicuspid valve |
The left av valve. Has two cusps. |
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Coronary circulation |
The functional blood supply of the heart or nourishment for the heart. |
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Pericardium |
The heart is enclosed in this double walled sac. It protects and anchors the heart. |
Cardium (heart) |
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Parietal pericardium |
Outer serous pericardium. Fused to fibrous pericardium. |
One of two layers |
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Visceral pericardium |
Inner serous pericardium. It covers the external heart surface. |
One of two layers |
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Epicardium |
Same as the visceral pericardium.(considered one layer) |
Same as... |
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Fossa ovalis |
Shallow depression in the internal septum.marks the spot of where and opening existed in the fetal heart. |
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Superior and inferior vena cava, and coronary sinus |
Blood enters the right atrium via these three veins. |
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Superior vena cava |
Returns blood from body regions superior to diaphragm. |
SUPERIOR |
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Inferior vena cava |
Returns blood from body regions inferior to diaphragm. |
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Coronary sinus |
Collects blood draining from the myocardium itself. |
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Four |
How many pulmonary veins enter the left atrium? |
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From the lungs, to the heart. |
Where does the pulmonary veins transport blood from and to? |
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Ventricles |
Pumps that pump blood out of the heart. |
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Right ventricle |
Pump that pumps blood to the pulmonary arteries which carries blood to the lungs. |
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Left ventricle |
Ejects blood into the aorta which carries blood to the body. |
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One direction |
Blood flows through the heart in how many directions? |
Famous boy band |
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Four valves |
How many valves does the heart have? |
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Seminlunar and atrioventricular valves |
What are the names of these two pairs of valves? |
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Tricuspid valve, three flaps or cusps |
What is the name of the right av valve and how many flaps or cusps does it have? |
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bicuspid or mitral valve, two flaps or cusps. |
What is the name of the left av valve and how many flaps or cusps does it have? |
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Chorda tendineae |
These tiny white collagen cords anchor the cusps to the papillary muscles protruding from the ventricular walls. |
"Heart chords" |
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Valvular stenosis(means narrowing) |
Disability that is the valves become stiff and the heart must contract more forcibly than normal. |
(Narrowing) |
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Coronary arteries |
These arteries supply alternative routes for blood delivery. A backup system for when these become occluded (closed up). Full occluded if this artery leads to tissue death and heart attack. |
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Depolarize |
Sodium in, potassium out (to contract). |
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Sinoatrial or SA node |
A small mass of cells in the right atrium that spontaneously depolarize about 75 times per minute. |
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Atrioventricular or AV node |
Located in the inferior portion of the interstitial septum. There is a .1 delay to give the atria time to contract before the ventricles contract. |
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Atrioventricular or A.V. bundle |
Located in the interventricular septum. After a short length it splits into left n right bundle branches which continue down the interventricular septum. |
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P wave |
This is caused by atrial depolarization, initiated by the SA node. |
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QRS complex |
Ventricular depolarization begins at the apex causing this. |
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T wave |
Ventricular repolarization begins at the apex, causing this. After this wave, ventricular repolarization is complete. |
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Systole |
This refers to the contraction period. |
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Diastole |
This refers to the relaxation period. |
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Lub-dup |
The normal heartbeat produces two sounds that can be heard on the stethoscope. |
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When the AV valves close. |
When does the first sound of the heart happen? |
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When the seminlunar valves close |
When does the second sound of the heart happen? |
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Heart murmurs |
Abnormal heart sounds is called? |
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Cardiac output (CO) |
This is the amount of blood pumped out by each ventricles in 1 minute. |
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SV or stroke volume |
Volume of blood pumped out by one ventricle with one beat. |
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Thyroxine |
Causes a slower but not sustained increase in heart rate when it is released in large quantities. |
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Sodium |
Too much of this inhibits transport of calcium, thus blocking heart contraction. |
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Potassium |
Excess of this interferes with depolarization and may lead to heart block or cardiac arrest. |
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Congestive heart failure |
Condition in which the heart pumping efficiency is low and inadequate to meet tissue needs. |
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Coronary atherosclerosis |
Clogging of coronary vessels with fatty buildup, impairs blood and oxygen delivery to cardiac cells. |
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Persistent high blood pressure |
The heart must work harder to pump the blood against the pressure exerted by arterial blood. |
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Multiple myocardial infarcts |
Decreases pumping efficiency because dead heart cells are replaced by scar tissue (Blood isn't going to tissue). |
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Dilated cardiomyopathy |
Heart enlargement; ventricles stretch and have decreased contractility. Congenital disease (present from birth). |
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