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32 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Sulfonamides
Mechanism of Action |
Inhibits Dihydropteroate synthase
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Sulfonamides
What are the 3 DHFRI's and what do they specifically inhibit |
Trimethoprim-bacterial DHFR
Pyrimethamine-protozoal DHFR (antimalarial) Methotrexate-inhibits mammalian, bacterial and protozoan DHFR (used to treat psoriasis and various cancers) |
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Sulfonamides
Pregancy Category |
Pregnancy Category B: Animal studies show no risk or effects in animals not confirmed in humans
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Primary use for Sulfisoxazole
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Prophylaxis in kids with RECURRENT otitis media
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What is the 1st choice drug for recurrent otitis media
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Sulfisoxazole
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What is the drug of 1st choice for acute otitis media
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Amoxicillin (an aminopenicillin) or a 2nd or 3rd generation cephalosporin
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There are 3 options
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What is Sulfisoxazole an alternate for
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Uncomplicated UTI (cystitis)
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What are 2 causes of community acquired UTI's
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80% E. coli
10% Staph saprophyticus |
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What are 2 causes of nosocomial UTI's
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50% E. coli
40% Klebsiella, Proteus, Enterobacter, Serratia 10% Enterococcus faecalis, Staph saprophyticus, Staph aureus |
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Sulfamethoxazole is available with what DHFR and is aka what
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Trimethoprim
TMP-SMZ |
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How is Sulfamethoxazole administered
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Oral and IV
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3 uses for TMP-SMZ
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UTI is local E.coli resistance is <20%.
Respiratory and GI infections High doses for Pneumocystis carnii in AIDS |
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Compare treatments of UTI if local resistance is <20% versus >20%
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If <20% use TMP-SMZ
If >20% use a fluoroquinolone (eg Ciprofloxacin) |
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Sulfacetamide is aka
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Bleph-10
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What are the components of Vasosulf
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sulfacetamide+phenylephrine
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What is phenylephrine
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a vasopressor
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What are the components of Blephamide
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sulfacetamide+prednisolone
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What is prednisolone
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a glucocoticoid (anti-inflammatory)
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What 2 conditions are sulfacetamide combinations alternates for
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Ulcerative blepharitis and Bacterial conjunctivitis
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What are 2 bacterial causes for Ulcerative blepharitis
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S. aureus and S. epidermidis
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What is the 1st choice for ulcerative blepharitis
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polysporin ointment (bacitracin+polymyxin B)
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What is the 1st choice for ulcerative blepharitis when you want better Gram - coverage
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Use the aminoglycoside antibiotic gentamicin ophthalmic ointment
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What are the 4 most common causes of bacterial conjunctivitis
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Staph aureus
Strep pneumoniae H. influenzae Moraxella catarrhalis |
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Of the 2 sulfacetamide combinations which one is most appropriate as an alternate for bacterial conjunctivitis
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Vasosulf
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What is the 1st choice for bacterial conjunctivitis
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polysporin
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What is the 1st choice for bacterial conjunctivitis if you want better Gram - coverage
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Use the ophthalmic form of the fluoroquinolone ciprofloxacin
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What is Silver Sulfadiazine used for
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For burns to prevent sepsis
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How can silver sulfadiazine toxic
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The silver that is released is toxic and can be absorbed if covering a large area
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What subclass is mafenide
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Sulfonamide
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What is mafenide used for
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burns
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What are 4 general side effects of all Sulfas
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Crystalluria
Kernicterus Blood discrasias Hypersensitivity |
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What medical condition would be contraindicated for the use of even topical Sulfas
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Blood discrasias
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