Anthropology Final Exam

Front 1

Secretary lineage system

Back 1

A rare form of kin ordered organization in which a tribal group is split into several branches made up of clans or major lineage, each of which is further divided into minor leagues and minimal leagues

Front 2

Adjudication

Back 2

When a third party acting as a judge makes a decision that the disputing parties have to accept

Front 3

Religion

Back 3

Any set of attitudes beliefs and practices pertaining to supernatural power whether that power before cies gods spirits ghosts or demons

Front 4

Polytheism

Back 4

Belief in several gods and or goddesses

Front 5

Monotheism

Back 5

Belief in only one God or goddess

Front 6

Supernatural

Back 6

Powers believed to be not human or not subject to the laws of nature

Front 7

Capital punishment

Back 7

the legally authorized killing of someone as punishment for a crime.

Front 8

Crime

Back 8

Violence between individuals that is not considered legitament

Front 9

Warfare

Back 9

When violence occurs between territorial entities such as communities districts or nations

Front 10

Civil War

Back 10

a war between citizens of the same country

Front 11

Negotiation

Back 11

discussion aimed at reaching an agreement.

Front 12

Mediation

Back 12

When the outside party tries to help bring about a settlement but that third party does not have the formal authority to force a settlement

Front 13

Ordeal

Back 13

A means used to determine guilt or innocence by submitting the accused to a dangerous or and painful test believed to be under supernatural control

Front 14

Codified laws

Back 14

Formal principles for resolving disputes in heterogeneous and stratified societies

Front 15

Raiding

Back 15

A short term use of force planned and organized to realize a limited objective

Front 16

Animism

Back 16

1.the attribution of a soul to plants, inanimate objects, and natural phenomena.2.the belief in a supernatural power that organizes and animates the material univ

Front 17

Applied anthropology

Back 17

Anthropology put to use

Front 18

State terrorism

Back 18

refers to acts of terrorism conducted by a state against a foreign state or people, or against its own people.

Front 19

What are the universal human rights

Back 19

Water

freedom without torture

Shelter

Front 20

Political integration

Back 20

Traditional political system the largest territorial group on whose behalf political activities are organized and in the degree to which political authority is centralized or concentrated in the integrated group

Front 21

Four types of political organisations

Back 21

Bands

Tribes

Chiefdoms

States

Front 22

four characteristics of a state

Back 22

Population

Territory

Government

sovereignty

Front 23

Why are some societies more violent than others

Back 23

If War is frequent the society encourages boys to be aggressive so that they will grow up to be efficient warriors

Front 24

Universality of law

Back 24

All societies have peaceful regularized ways of handling at least certain disputes

Front 25

Taboo

Back 25

A prohibition that if violated is believed to bring supernatural punishment

Front 26

Mana

Back 26

Malayo - Polynesian name, is thought to inhabit some objects but not others some people but not others temporarily

Front 27

Animatism

Back 27

A belief that all animate and inanimate objects are infused with a common life force.

Front 28

Two categories of supernatural

Back 28

Supernatural forces and supernatural beings

Front 29

Two characteristics of gods and spirits

Back 29

Predictable unpredictable interested or uninterested in human affairs

Front 30

5 ways to interact with supernatural

Back 30

Prayer psychological experience simulation feasts sacrifice

Front 31

One reason for the belief in Gods

Back 31

People invent gods who personify the important decision making groups in their society

Front 32

Physiological experience

Back 32

Doing things to the body and mind

Front 33

Voodoo is an example of what type of interaction

Back 33

Simulation manipulating imitations of things

Front 34

One reason for human sacrifice

Back 34

Sacrifice nears what is important societies that depend mainly on human labor for energy may think that a human life is an appropriate offering to the gods when people want something very important

Front 35

One reason for witchcraft in Salem

Back 35

Political turmoil which may give rise to widespread distrust and a search for scapegoats

Front 36

Four types of religious practitioners

Back 36

Sorceress witches mediums priest

Front 37

When was the Society for applied anthropology

Back 37

1946

Front 38

First code of ethics

Back 38

The targeted community should be included as much as possible in the form relation of policy so that people in the community may know in advance how the program will affect them

Front 39

3 barriers

Back 39

Behaviour attitudes and beliefs

Front 40

Cultural resource management

Back 40

Recovering and preserving the archaeological record before programs of planned change disturb or destroy it

Front 41

Forensic anthropology

Back 41

the speciality in anthropology that is devoted to helping solve crimes and identify human remains

Front 42

Medical anthropology

Back 42

Actively engaged in studying health and illness

Front 43

Four categories used by healers

Back 43

the naming process the personality of the doctor the patient's expectations curing techniques

Front 44

3 global social issues

Back 44

Crime

War

Terrorism

Front 45

One reason for violence against women

Back 45

When the husband controls the household and is out of work

Front 46

One reason for high crime rate

Back 46

War

Front 47

One reason we go to war

Back 47

To protect themselves ahead of time from disasters

Front 48

Cultural relativism

Back 48

The attitude of the Society's customs and ideas should be viewed within the context of that society's problems and opportunities