Anthro Final

Front 1

animism?

Back 1

belief is spiritual beings

Front 2

belief in spiritual beings?

Back 2

animism

Front 3

ritual?

Back 3

(the established form for a ceremony)
an organized and stereotyped symbolic behavior intended to influence supernatural powers

Front 4

(the established form for a ceremony)
an organized and stereotyped symbolic behavior intended to influence supernatural powers?

Back 4

ritual

Front 5

rite of passage?

Back 5

a public ceremony or ritual recognizing and marking a person's transition from one group or status to another

Front 6

a public ceremony or ritual recognizing and marking a person's transition from one group or status to another?

Back 6

rite of passage

Front 7

life cycle?

Back 7

the patterned changes in roles, rights, obligations, and social relationships that individuals experience as they move through culturally defined age categories

Front 8

the patterned changes in roles, rights, obligations, and social relationships that individuals experience as they move through culturally defined age categories?

Back 8

life cycle?

Front 9

puberty (initiation) rite?

Back 9

a religious ceremony that symbolically transforms the individual from a child into an adult

Front 10

a religious ceremony that symbolically transforms the individual from a child into an adult?

Back 10

puberty (initiation) rite

Front 11

individualistic practices?

Back 11

religious practices based on personal relationships between specific individuals and specific supernatural powers

Front 12

religious practices based on personal relationships between specific individuals and specific supernatural powers?

Back 12

individualistic practices

Front 13

vision quest?

Back 13

intense spiritual communication (usually through a dream) in which a person can receive profound insight into themselves and the world

Front 14

intense spiritual communication (usually through a dream) in which a person can receive profound insight into themselves and the world ?

Back 14

vision quest

Front 15

shaman (medicine man)?

Back 15

(a practitioner who reaches altered states of consciousness in order to encounter and interact with the spirit world)
a part time religious specialist who uses his special relationship to supernatural powers for curing members of his group or harming members of other groups

Front 16

(a practitioner who reaches altered states of consciousness in order to encounter and interact with the spirit world)
a part time religious specialist who uses his special relationship to supernatural powers for curing members of his group or harming members of other groups?

Back 16

shaman (medicine man)

Front 17

shamanistic practices?

Back 17

religious practices in which special individuals (shamans) have relationships with supernatural powers that ordinary people lack

Front 18

religious practices in which special individuals (shamans) have relationships with supernatural powers that ordinary people lack?

Back 18

shamanistic practices

Front 19

communal practices?

Back 19

religious practices in which the members of a group cooperate in the performance of rituals intended to benefit all

Front 20

religious practices in which the members of a group cooperate in the performance of rituals intended to benefit all?

Back 20

communal practices

Front 21

ancestral rituals?

Back 21

rituals performed to worship or please a kinship group's ancestors

Front 22

rituals performed to worship or please a kinship group's ancestors

Back 22

ancestral rituals

Front 23

totemistic rituals?

Back 23

rituals during which members of a kinship group focus on their totem, a natural object with which they are associated

Front 24

rituals during which members of a kinship group focus on their totem, a natural object with which they are associated

Back 24

totemistic rituals

Front 25

priests?

Back 25

religious specialistis, often full time, who officiate at rituals

Front 26

religious specialistis, often full time, who officiate at rituals?

Back 26

priests

Front 27

ecclesiastical practices?

Back 27

highly organized religious practices in which a full time priesthood performs rituals believed to benefit believers or the whole society; occur in complex societies

Front 28

highly organized religious practices in which a full time priesthood performs rituals believed to benefit believers or the whole society; occur in complex societies?

Back 28

ecclesiastical practices

Front 29

intellectual/cognitive function of religion?

Back 29

the notion that religious beliefs provide explanations for puzzling things and events

Front 30

the notion that religious beliefs provide explanations for puzzling things and events?

Back 30

intellectual/cognitive function of religion

Front 31

psychological function of religion?

Back 31

the notion that people derive comfort from religion and that religion helps people cope with misfortunes and death

Front 32

the notion that people derive comfort from religion and that religion helps people cope with misfortunes and death?

Back 32

psychological function of religion

Front 33

social function of religion?

Back 33

the notion that religion maintains the institutions of society as a whole

Front 34

the notion that religion maintains the institutions of society as a whole?

Back 34

social function of religion

Front 35

sorcery?

Back 35

( malevolent, dangerous, or harmful magic)
the performance of ties and passages for the purpose of causing harm to others by supernatural means

Front 36

( malevolent, dangerous, or harmful magic)
the performance of ties and passages for the purpose of causing harm to others by supernatural means?

Back 36

sorcery

Front 37

witchcraft?

Back 37

the use of psychic power to cause harm to others by supernatural means

Front 38

the use of psychic power to cause harm to others by supernatural means?

Back 38

witchcraft

Front 39

global economy?

Back 39

a worldwide integrated system of buying and selling goods, materials, labor, and services in the global market

Front 40

a worldwide integrated system of buying and selling goods, materials, labor, and services in the global market?

Back 40

global economy

Front 41

multinational corporations?

Back 41

corporations that produce and market goods and services globally

Front 42

corporations that produce and market goods and services globally?

Back 42

multinational corporations

Front 43

demographic changes?

Back 43

any changes in population, increases and decreases in numbers, as well as shifts in the relative gender, age, and settlement patterns

Front 44

any changes in population, increases and decreases in numbers, as well as shifts in the relative gender, age, and settlement patterns?

Back 44

demographic changes

Front 45

global corporate community?

Back 45

the individuals who collectively own and control multinational corporations and local companies that produce and market goods and services globally

Front 46

the individuals who collectively own and control multinational corporations and local companies that produce and market goods and services globally?

Back 46

global corporate community

Front 47

davos man?

Back 47

today's global business culture

Front 48

today's global business culture?

Back 48

davos man

Front 49

global academic community?

Back 49

the individuals who collectively control, expand, and spread academic ideas and knowledge globally

Front 50

the individuals who collectively control, expand, and spread academic ideas and knowledge globally?

Back 50

global academic community

Front 51

global media?

Back 51

the individuals and corporations involved in the production of news and entertainment that are marketed to a global audience

Front 52

the individuals and corporations involved in the production of news and entertainment that are marketed to a global audience?

Back 52

global media

Front 53

fundamentalists?

Back 53

individuals who are attempting to preserve the traditional or preexisting norms, values, and world views, which are being challenged by globalization

Front 54

individuals who are attempting to preserve the traditional or preexisting norms, values, and world views, which are being challenged by globalization?

Back 54

fundamentalists

Front 55

cosmopolitanists?

Back 55

individuals who have embraces the new ideas, norms, values, and world view associated with globalization

Front 56

individuals who have embraces the new ideas, norms, values, and world view associated with globalization?

Back 56

cosmopolitanists

Front 57

culture wars?

Back 57

the recent political conflict within the United States that results from a divergence in basic norms, values, and world views

Front 58

the recent political conflict within the United States that results from a divergence in basic norms, values, and world views?

Back 58

culture wars

Front 59

ethnic group?

Back 59

a socially defined category based on common culture or nationality

Front 60

a socially defined category based on common culture or nationality?

Back 60

ethnic group

Front 61

nationality?

Back 61

an ethnic group that claims a right to a discrete homeland and to political autonomy and self-determination

Front 62

an ethnic group that claims a right to a discrete homeland and to political autonomy and self-determination?

Back 62

nationality

Front 63

homeland?

Back 63

a geographical region over which a particular ethnic group feels it has exclusive rights

Front 64

a geographical region over which a particular ethnic group feels it has exclusive rights?

Back 64

homeland

Front 65

civilization?

Back 65

the highest level of ethnic cohesion and identity, uniting members of different ethnic nationalities on the basis of a shared cultural tradition, usually religious, that collectively distinguishes them from members of other such groups

Front 66

the highest level of ethnic cohesion and identity, uniting members of different ethnic nationalities on the basis of a shared cultural tradition, usually religious, that collectively distinguishes them from members of other such groups?

Back 66

civilization?

Front 67

artificial country?

Back 67

a country whose political boundaries and this ethnic composition were established by outside political forces; usually a former colonial possession

Front 68

a country whose political boundaries and this ethnic composition were established by outside political forces; usually a former colonial possession?

Back 68

artificial country

Front 69

indigenous minorities?

Back 69

ethnically distinct groups of foragers, horticulturists, and pastoralists who occupy their historical homelands, who are politically subordinate to larger national governments, and who are frequently referred to as "tribal" or "fourth-world" peoples

Front 70

ethnically distinct groups of foragers, horticulturists, and pastoralists who occupy their historical homelands, who are politically subordinate to larger national governments, and who are frequently referred to as "tribal" or "fourth-world" peoples?

Back 70

indigenous minorities

Front 71

global knowledge?

Back 71

cultural knowledge that is widely disseminated by means of a written language

Front 72

cultural knowledge that is widely disseminated by means of a written language?

Back 72

global knowledge

Front 73

local knowledge?

Back 73

cultural knowledge that is disseminated orally and is thus known only by members of a local group

Front 74

cultural knowledge that is disseminated orally and is thus known only by members of a local group?

Back 74

local knowledge

Front 75

incest?

Back 75

sex with prohibited relatives

Front 76

sex with prohibited relatives?

Back 76

incest

Front 77

incest avoidance?

Back 77

simply not engaging in incest

Front 78

simply not engaging in incest?

Back 78

incest avoidance

Front 79

emotionally charged cultural rule forbidding incest?

Back 79

incest taboo

Front 80

incest taboo?

Back 80

emotionally charged cultural rule forbidding incest

Front 81

What is the inbreeding theory?

Back 81

incest has bad results and is therefore tabooed

Front 82

incest has bad results and is therefore tabooed?

Back 82

inbreeding theory

Front 83

what is the socialization theory?

Back 83

erotic impulses are directed outside the family in order to promote socialization

Front 84

erotic impulses are directed outside the family in order to promote socialization?

Back 84

socialization theory

Front 85

who came up with the socialization theory?

Back 85

Freud

Front 86

what is the family theory?

Back 86

unregulated sexual competition would disrupt family functions and structure

Front 87

unregulated sexual competition would disrupt family functions and structure?

Back 87

family theory

Front 88

what is the social and cultural systems theory?

Back 88

there are social and economic advantages of exogamy

Front 89

there are social and economic advantages of exogamy?

Back 89

social and cultural systems theory

Front 90

indifference/revulsion theory?

Back 90

there is a distinctive horror associated with incest

Front 91

there is a distinctive horror associated with incest?

Back 91

indifference/revulsion theory

Front 92

what is the demographic theory?

Back 92

short lives and varying puberty prevents incest and leads to outbreeding

Front 93

short lives and varying puberty prevents incest and leads to outbreeding?

Back 93

demographic theory?

Front 94

What does Wolf say about incest?

Back 94

there is an aversion to sex with people whom you've had a close associated with since childhood

Front 95

what does Malinowski say about the function of magic in societies?

Back 95

it is used to increase the probability of success in important activities, and increase confidence to undertake them, magic opens up the possibilites for human actions

Front 96

when/where did Malinowski say magic was found?

Back 96

when human beings were confronted with a lack of knowledge or ability to control something important to their lives

Front 97

what does nadel witchcraft is a result of?

Back 97

social instability

Front 98

what kind of social instability causes witchcraft, according to nadel?

Back 98

famine
rapid change
oppression
economic distress

Front 99

why does wolf think there is an incest taboo?

Back 99

because most are troubled by the concept, not because there is great temptation

Front 100

what does leach think incest taboo stems from?

Back 100

distinguish self from other

Front 101

what does leach say about the attitudes towards incest?

Back 101

Attitudes toward incest should vary with the challenge it represents to self (mother/son) (father/daughter) (brother/sister)

Front 102

what was the most acceptable and highly valued tool by the Yir Yiront aboriginals?

Back 102

short handled steel axe

Front 103

what were women able to do with steel axes that they couldn't do with stone axes?

Back 103

claim them, call them "mine"

Front 104

how were older men affected by steel axes?

Back 104

young men and boys didn't need axes from them, so they no longer had a monopoly on them, the power roles were thrown off

Front 105

what happened to trade relationships and and trade ceremonies due to the steel axe?

Back 105

trade relationships were weakened and power roles were thrown off, there was less need for trading ceremonies

Front 106

what caused Yir Yiront culture to disappear?

Back 106

the introduction of European goods and easy trading

Front 107

what is Epinephrine?

Back 107

adrenaline

Front 108

fancy word for adrenaline?

Back 108

Epinephrine

Front 109

how can magic kill?

Back 109

Epinephrine leads to elevated blood sugar which leads to insulin shock

Front 110

what is the homeostatic model of change?

Back 110

change always occurs
Successful change maintains a degree of equilibrium

Front 111

what are the 5 means of change?

Back 111

evolution (population, habitat)
contact diffusion (objects)
stimulus diffusion (ideas)
acculturation (joining two cultures)
intervention (exploitation)

Front 112

what is globalization the process of?

Back 112

integration into a single system

Front 113

examples of globalization?

Back 113

ideas, values, norms
economies, markets
transportation
technology

Front 114

what is the global economy?

Back 114

integrated system of buying and selling (material goods, labor and services)

Front 115

how does acculturation affected the global economy?

Back 115

non westerners must be acculturated in order to participate in it

Front 116

religion?

Back 116

an organized collection of belief systems, cultural systems, and world views that relate humanity to spirituality

Front 117

an organized collection of belief systems, cultural systems, and world views that relate humanity to spirituality?

Back 117

religion

Front 118

describes actions or behaviors that violate social norms?

Back 118

deviance

Front 119

deviance?

Back 119

describes actions or behaviors that violate social norms

Front 120

"the stuff of which magic is formed," as well as the substance of which souls are made?

Back 120

mana

Front 121

mana?

Back 121

"the stuff of which magic is formed," as well as the substance of which souls are made