Anth Final

Front 1

Patrilocality

Back 1

married couple lives with husband's family; associated with patrilineal descent and is more common than matrilocality.

Front 2

Matrilocality

Back 2

married couple lives with wive’s family; associated with matrelineal desecnt and is less common than Patrolocality.

Front 3

Neolocal

Back 3

occurs when a newly married couple establishes their home independent of both sets of relatives. consisting of single nuclear families

Front 4

Nuclear family

Back 4

family consists of a married couple and their children

Front 5

Extended Family

Back 5

expanded household including three or more generations.

Front 6

patrilineal descent

Back 6

both males and females belong to their father's kin group but not their mother's.

Front 7

matrilineal descent

Back 7

Male and females trace descent through females to the same female ancestor.• belong to their Mother’s kin group but not their Father’s

Front 8

Ambilineal descent

Back 8

people choose the descent group to which they belong

Front 9

Bilateral descent

Back 9

This system traces descent from all biological ancestors regardless of their gender and side of the family.• All male and female children are members of both their father's and mother's families.

Front 10

Lineage

Back 10

unilineal descent group based on demonstrated descent

Front 11

unilineal descent

Back 11

This traces descent only through a single line of ancestors, male or female. Both males and females are members of a unilineal family, but descent links are only recognized through relatives of one gender. The two basic forms of unilineal descent are referred to as patrilineal and matrilineal .

Front 12

Clan

Back 12

descent group that claims common descent from an apical ancestor but cannot demonstrate it

Front 13

KINSHIP

Back 13

culturally defined relationships between individuals who are commonly thought of as having family ties. Kinship is based on marriage, descent, and, occasionally, fictive relationships as well.

Front 14

Eskimo System

Back 14

- Mother father and siblings are given distinct names - Aunts and uncles are distinguished from parents in this system and separated only by gender (3 = aunt and 4 = uncle). -All cousins are lumped together (7 = cousin). -No kinship distinction is made between uncles, aunts, and cousins with regard to side of the family. -This system is found mainly in societies that use the bilateral principle of descent and that strongly emphasize the nuclear family over more distant kinsmen

Front 15

Iroquois system

Back 15

-Splits mother’s side and Father’s side-Merges same sex- siblings of each parent: -Father and father’s brother same term (1) -Mother and mother’s sister same term (2) -Different term for mother’s brother and father'ssister -Unilineal descent favor this system [patrilineal and matrilineal]

Front 16

Sudanese System

Back 16

Most complex -Each category of relative is given a distinct term based on genealogical distance from ego and on the side of the family. - North Africa and the Middle East

Front 17

Hawaiian System

Back 17

-Nuclear family is de-emphasized. Relatives within the extended family are distinguished only by generation and gender. -Ego's father and all male relatives in his generation have the same kin name (1). - Ego's mother and all female relatives in her generation are referred to by the same kin term (2). -brothers and male cousins are all given the same kin term (3). Sisters and all female cousins are also referred to by the same term (4)

Front 18

Cognatic descent

Back 18

tracing kinship through both the mother's and the father's ancestors to some degree.

Front 19

collateral relative

Back 19

uncles, aunts, cousins, nephews, nieces and other consanguinal kinsmen beyond ego's main line of descent.

Front 20

Affinity

Back 20

a kinship link created by marriage, such as the bond between a man and his wife and her family (in-laws).

Front 21

Exogamy

Back 21

practice of seeking a spouse outside one’s own group

Forces people to create and maintain a wide social network This wider social network nurtures, helps, and protects one’s group during times of need

Front 22

ENDOGAMY

Back 22

marriage of people from the same group.

India’s caste system is an extreme example of endogamy

Front 23

Homogamy

Back 23

practice of marrying someonesimilar to you in terms of background, social status, aspirations, and interests

Front 24

Lobola [Bridewealth ]

Back 24

substantial marital gift from husband and his kin to the wife and her kin

Front 25

Dowry

Back 25

marital exchange in which wife’s group provides substantial gifts to husband’s family

Front 26

Durable alliances

Back 26

Continuation of marital alliances when one spouse dies

Front 27

Sororate

Back 27

may marry wife’s sister if wife dies

Front 28

Levirate

Back 28

right to marry husband’s brother if husband dies

Front 29

Tylor

Back 29

religion evolved through stagesAnimism: belief in spiritual beings Polytheism: belief in multiple gods Monotheism: belief in a single, all-powerful deityTylor: religion declines as science offers better explanations for things

Front 30

Turner

Back 30

communitas: intense feeling of social solidarity Religion is a cultural universal

Front 31

Reese

Back 31

bodies of people who gather together regularly for worship