Anps Final Exam Part 1

Front 1

arteries

Back 1

take oxygenated, high nutrient blood away from the heart

Front 2

veins

Back 2

return low oxygen, low nutrient blood to the heart

Front 3

what are the two sets of arteries that supply the brain

Back 3

2 internal carotid arteries (one from each hemisphere), and 2 vertebral arteries (which join to form the basilar artery)

Front 4

what vein returns blood to the heart from the brain

Back 4

jugular vein

Front 5

anterior circulation is from what artery

Back 5

internal carotid artery

Front 6

posterior circulation is from what artery

Back 6

vertebral and basilar arteries

Front 7

posterior circulation provides blood to what areas

Back 7

brainstem, cerebellum, occipital lobe

Front 8

anterior circulation provides blood to what areas

Back 8

frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe

Front 9

middle cerebral artery supplies blood to what area?

Posterior cerebral artery supplies blood to what area?

anterior cerebral artery supplies blood to what area

Back 9

Front 10

in the motor and sensory homonculus, what areas of the body are supplied by the anterior cerebral artery

Back 10

genitals, feet, lets, trunk (lower extremities)

Front 11

in the motor and sensory homonculus, what areas of the body are supplied by the middle cerebral artery

Back 11

arms, hands, (upper extremities), face, auditory, and speech

Front 12

inability to recognize faces is probably due to damage to the

Back 12

posterior cerebral artery

Front 13

circle of willis allows ______ between the 2 hemispheres except for the area of the _____

Back 13

collateral flow, middle cerebral artery

Front 14

f.a.s.t

Back 14

face, arms, speech, time

Front 15

thrombotic stroke

Back 15

clot

Front 16

hemorrhagic stroke

Back 16

bleed

Front 17

transient ischemic attack (TIA)

Back 17

mini stroke that resolves quickly, temporary plug in blood vessel that dissolves quickly

Front 18

aneurysm

Back 18

weakening of blood vessels

Front 19

microaneurysm

Back 19

develops in small arteries, due to hypertension, most common cause of hemorrhage and vascular dementia

Front 20

berry aneurysm

Back 20

congenital (not related to hypertension), common cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage, 90% found in circle of willis

Front 21

subarachnoid hemorrhage

Back 21

sudden excruciating headache "worst headache of my life". caused by aneurysm rupture in circle of willis. Lumbar puncture has bloody appearance

Front 22

dural septa

Back 22

divide up the brain and help support the weight of the cerebrum

Front 23

falx cerebri

Back 23

seperates the 2 cerebral hemispheres and protects brain from lateral movement

Front 24

tentorium cerebellum

Back 24

separates cerebellum and cerebrum and protects brain from up/down movement

Front 25

csf circulation

Back 25

made from choroid plexus in lateral ventricles, flows to third ventricle, then through the cerebral aqueduct to the fourth ventricle and from there it goes to the cisterna magna which surrounds the brain. returns to venous system through arachnoid granulations in the dural sinus

Front 26

circumventricular organs

Back 26

tell the brain about blood composition

Front 27

bacterial meningitis

Back 27

headache, fever & stiff neck.

bacteria block csf reabsorption, but it continues to be made. leads to intracranial pressure

any motion will give them an excruciating headache due to the pressure so patients will be really stiff and not want to move

Front 28

dural sinus are filled with what type of blood

Back 28

venous blood

Front 29

subdural hematoma

Back 29

tearing of the veins entering dural sinuses,

commonly seen in elderly after a fall or through shaken baby syndrome.

Front 30

epidural hemotoma

Back 30

results from significant trauma or concussion. blood vessels between bone and dura break and lead to rapidly expanding hemorrhage due to arterial blood.

Front 31

where is the needle inserted in a spinal tap

Back 31

L4 & L5

Front 32

Order of flow of CSF

Back 32

start in lateral ventricle, go to third ventricle through interventricular foramen, then through cerebral aqueduct to the fourth ventricle

Front 33

third ventricle is a landmark for the....

Back 33

thalamus and hypothalamus

Front 34

how does csf travel once it is outside brain to jugular

Back 34

cisterna magna to subarachnoid space to arachnoid granulations which regurns it to venous system to the jugular vein

Front 35

pineal gland is special because it _____ which lets it sense the hormones in the blood

Back 35

a BBB

Front 36

language is exclusively on the ___ hemisphere

Back 36

left

Front 37

face recognition is exclusively on the ____ hemisphere

Back 37

right

Front 38

right hemisphere dominant tends to be more ___

Back 38

creative, musical/ artistic, spatial and pattern perception, face recognition, emotional part of speech

Front 39

left hemisphere dominant tends to be more ______

Back 39

analytical, spoken and written language numerical and scientific skills, reasoning

Front 40

limbic functions are in the _________ and it tells us _______

Back 40

Prefrontal cortex, emotional brain, personality, emotions

Front 41

somatosensation

Back 41

sense of touch and awareness of body

Front 42

primary somatosensory cortex

Back 42

initial sensation of touch

Front 43

somatosensory association cortex

Back 43

interpretation of sensation

Front 44

primary somatosensory area is in the

Back 44

postcentral gyrus

Front 45

in the somatosensory cortex, more area is devoted to the ______ compatered to the motor cortex map

Back 45

more area is given to the feet

Front 46

hemineglect happens where

Back 46

in the right hemisphere of the somatosensory association cortex in the parietal lobe. This is why they ignore the left side of the world.

Front 47

structures in temporal lobe

Back 47

primary auditory cortex, lateral fissure, wernicke's speech area

Front 48

wernicke's speech area is involved with

Back 48

understanding of speech. "what"

Front 49

primary auditory cortex

Back 49

receives sound information and sorts it by frequency in a tonotopic map. deciphers pitch, rhythm

Front 50

receptive aphasia

Back 50

language comprehension affected by damage to Wernicke's area, use wrong words,unaware of deficit, apraxia (can't execute motor activity based on verbal command), nonfluent reading, impaired repetition