And The Glory Of The Lord

Front 1

What does 'Baroque' mean?

Back 1

Mishappen Pearl

Front 2

What instruments tend to play the basso continuo in baroque music?

Back 2

Harpsichord, organ or lute.

Front 3

What are some features of Baroque Music?

Back 3

1. Short melodic ideas decorated with use of ornamentation.

2. Simple, mainly diatonic harmonies in major or minor keys.

3. Use of basso continuo.

4. Different musical textures such as monophonic, homophonic and polyphonic.

5. Orchestras based mainly on string instruments with limited use of woodwind and brass.

6. Use of one 'affection' or mood throughout a piece.

7. Terraced dynamics.

Front 4

What is an oratorio?

Back 4

A musical work based on a sacred theme or stories from the bible.

Like a religious opera but without staging, scenery or props.

Front 5

What story does Messiah tell?

Back 5

The birth, death and resurrection of Jesus.

Front 6

When was it composed and how long did it take?

Back 6

1741- 24 days.

Front 7

When and where was it first performed?

Back 7

Dublin in 1742.

Front 8

What is Messiah Scored for?

Back 8

- 4 part choir (Soprano, Alto, Tenor, Bass)

- String Orchestra (Violin1, Violin 2, Viola, Cello, Double Bass)

- Basso Continuo (Cello and Organ)

Front 9

What movement is 'And the Glory of the Lord'

Back 9

Fourth

Front 10

What instruments were added later?

Back 10

Obes and bassoon.

Front 11

How does the piece start?

Back 11

Instrumental introduction (bars 1-11)

Front 12

What do the string parts often do?

Back 12

Double the voices (e.g Violin 1 is an octave higher than the sopranos in b.53-56)

Front 13

How much lower is the double bass than the cello?

Back 13

An octave

Front 14

What happens in b.11-13

Back 14

Just basso continuo accompaniment

Front 15

Do instruments play to the extremities of their range?

Back 15

No, they are kept within a modest range in the middle.

Front 16

How many melodic ideas are there?

Back 16

4

Front 17

What happens Bars 1-11

Back 17

Instrumental Introduction

Front 18

Are there any instrumental sections?

Back 18

Yes (bars 38-43)

Front 19

What is the tonality of the piece?

Back 19

Firmly Diatonic

Front 20

In which key does it start?

Back 20

A major

Front 21

What keys does it modulate to and where?

Back 21

E major (b. 25) and B major (b.81)

Front 22

What is worth noting about the modulations?

Back 22

Only modulates to closely related keys

Front 23

How are the keys confirmed?

Back 23

By functional harmony.

Front 24

What is the harmony?

Back 24

Firmly diatonic?

Front 25

The chords are mainly in...

Back 25

route or first inversion.

Front 26

How does the chorus finish?

Back 26

With a plagal cadence.

Front 27

How does Handel create excitement?

Back 27

He uses a fast harmonic rhythm (b.1-10)

Front 28

How does Handel create harmonic tension?

Back 28

Suspensions and dissonance (b. 33-39)

Front 29

What time is it in and what does this make it sound like?

Back 29

3/4 - like a dance

Front 30

What is the tempo marking?

How does this make the piece feel?

Back 30

Allegro - lively and joyful - celebratory.

Front 31

What rhythmic device is used at the end?

Back 31

Adagio - slow

Front 32

What is there the bar before the ending?

Back 32

A bar of rests - makes it more dramatic

Front 33

What helps to propel the music forwards?

Back 33

Crotchet and Semi-quaver

Front 34

What words are emphasised and how?

Back 34

A dotted minim is used on words 'for the mouth of the lord'

Front 35

What rhythmic device does Handel use at cadence points to give a sense of excitement?

Where?

Back 35

Hemiola (B.9-10)

Front 36

Write out the first melodic idea.

Front 37

(1) What do the opening three notes do?

Back 37

They outline the tonic triad.

Front 38

(1) When is it first sung and by whom?

Back 38

First sung by altos in bar 11

Front 39

(1) What does the second half of the melody do?

Back 39

Goes up A major scale conjunctly.

Front 40

(1) How does Handel set the words?

Back 40

Syllabically - one word per syllable

Front 41

(2) When and by whom is the second melodic idea first sung?

Back 41

First sung by tenors in bar 17

Front 42

(2) It uses a...

Back 42

1 bar descending sequence

Front 43

(2)What does Handel use on the syllables 're' and 'veal'.

Back 43

A melisma

Front 44

(2) It is primarily...

Back 44

conjunct.

Front 45

(3) When is the third melodic idea first sung and by whom?

Back 45

First sung by altos in b.43

Front 46

(3) What is done for emphasis?

Back 46

The motive is repeated three times.

Front 47

(3) It is primarily....

Back 47

conjunct.

Front 48

(4) When and by whom is the fourth melodic idea first sung?

Back 48

By the tenors and basses in b.51

Front 49

(4) What gives it emphasis?

Back 49

Larger note values

Front 50

(4)Only two...

Back 50

notes are used (melodic repetition).

Front 51

What does Handel often swap?

Back 51

The melodies around different voices.

Front 52

How does he combine different melodic ideas?

Back 52

Contrapuntally (e.g parts 1 and 2 in bar 27)

Front 53

What is the chorus based on?

Back 53

Alternating contrapuntal and homophonic textures (bar 17-35).

Front 54

What texture is there bar 17-25

Back 54

An imitative texture

Front 55

What do the instruments to with the melody?

Back 55

They double the voices.

Front 56

What is the mood?

Back 56

Celebratory and joyful?

Front 57

What makes the mood celebratory and joyful?

Back 57

Major key, allegro tempo, forte dynamics, 3/4 time signature.

Front 58

How does the piece end?

Back 58

Homophonically. A bar of silence before adagio.