Anatomy Test 1: Back Muscles

Front 1

Teres Major(o,i)

Back 1

Origin: Lateral border of scapula

Insertion: Intertubercular groove of humerus

Front 2

Teres Major(n,f)

Back 2

Nerve:Lower subscapular

Function:Extends, adducts, and rotates arm medially

Front 3

Teres Minor(o,i)

Back 3

Origin: Lateral border of scapula

Insertion:Greater tubercle of humerus

Front 4

Teres Minor(n,f)

Back 4

Nerve:axillary

Function: rotates arm laterally

Front 5

Supraspinatus(o,i)

Back 5

Origin: Posterior surface of scapula(above the spine)

Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus

Front 6

Supraspinatus(f,n)

Back 6

Function: abducts arm

Nerve: Suprascapular

Front 7

Spleinus cervicus and capitus(o,i)

Back 7

Origin: Spinous process of lower cervical and thoracic vertebrae

insertion: Occipital bone

Front 8

Spleinus cervicus and capitus(f,n)

Back 8

Function:rotates head, bends head, and extends neck, hold deep neck muscles in position

Nerve: Cervical nerves

Front 9

Serratus posterior superior and inferior(o,i)

Back 9

Origin: scapula

Front 10

Serratus posterior superior and inferior(f,n)

Back 10

Function: proprioceptive not motor

Nerve: intercostal nerves

Front 11

Lat Dorsi(o,i)

Back 11

Origin: Spinous process T6-L5, sacrum, illiac crest and ribs 10-12

Insertion: Intertubercular groove of humerus

Front 12

Lat Dorsi(f,n)

Back 12

Function: extends, adducts, medially rotates humerus. Depresses shoulders and pulls them back.

Nerve: thoracodorsal

Front 13

Levator Scapulae(o,i)

Back 13

ORIGIN: Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1-4

INSERTION: Upper part of medial border of scapula

Front 14

Levator Scapulae(f,n)

Back 14

Function:raises medial border of scaplua

Nerve: Anterior primary rami of C3 and C4 and dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

Front 15

Rhomboid Major(o,i)

Back 15

Origin: Spines of T2-T5 and supraspinous ligaments

Insertion: Lower half of posteromedial border of scapula, from angle to upper part of triangular area at base of scapular spine

Front 16

Rhomboid Major(f,n)

Back 16

Function: Retracts scapula. Rotates scapula to rest position

Nerve: Dorsal scapular nerve (C5) (from root )

Front 17

Rhomboid Minor(o,i)

Back 17

Origin: Lower ligamentum nuchea, spines of C7 and T1

INSERTION
Small area of posteromedial border of scapula at level of spine, below levator scapulae

Front 18

Rhomboid minor(f,n)

Back 18

Function: Retracts scapula. Rotates lower scapula back to rest position

Nerve: Dorsal scapular nerve (C5) (from root)

Front 19

Iliocostalis(o,i)

Back 19

origin:Iliac crest, sacrum, lumbar vertebrae

INSERTION
Ribs, cervical transverse processes

Front 20

Iliocostalis(f,n)

Back 20

Function: Extends and lateral flexes spine, and stabilizes

NERVE
Posterior primary rami

Front 21

Spinalis(o,i)

Back 21

ORIGIN
Spinous processes C7 and nuchal ligament

INSERTION
Spinous processes six levels above

Front 22

Spinalis(f,n)

Back 22

Function: extends the spine

NERVE
Posterior primary rami

Front 23

Longissimus(o,i)

Back 23

ORIGIN
Transverse processes of lumbar vertbrae

INSERTION
Transverse processes several levels above

Front 24

Longissimus(f,n)

Back 24

Function: Extends the thoracic and cervicle regions of the spine, also the head.

Nerve: Primary posterior rami

Front 25

Trapezius(o,i)

Back 25

ORIGIN
Medial third superior nuchal line, ligament nuchae, spinous processes and supraspinous ligaments C7 to T12

Insertion: Upper fibers to lateral third of posterior border of clavicle; lower to medial acromion and superior lip of spine of scapula to deltoid tubercle

Front 26

Trapezius(f,n)

Back 26

Function: laterally rotates, elevates and retracts scapula. If scapula is fixed, extends and laterally flexes neck

Nerve:Spinal accessory nerve (C1-5)(spinal nerves C3 and C4 for proprioception)

Front 27

Intertransversari(o,i)

Back 27

Origin:Transverse processes of cervicle and lumbar vertbrae

Insertion: Transverse process of adjacent vertebrae

Front 28

Intertransversari(f,n)

Back 28

Function: Lateral flexion of vertebral coulmn

Nerve: Posterior primary rami

Front 29

Transversospinalis; Rotatores(o,i)

Back 29

origin: transverse process

insertion: spinous process one above

Front 30

Transversospinalis; Rotatores(f,n)

Back 30

Function: rotates spine

Nerve: primary posterior rami

Front 31

Transversospinalis; Multifidus(o,i)

Back 31

Origin: lamina of vertebrae

Insertion spinous process two to three levels above

Front 32

Transversospinalis; Multifidus(f,n)

Back 32

Function: extends spine

Nerve:Primary posterior rami

Front 33

Transversospinalis; Semispinalis(o,i)

Back 33

Origin: transverse process C4-T12

Insertion:Spinous processes above and occipital bone

Front 34

Transversospinalis; Semispinalis(f,n)

Back 34

Function: Extends head and spine and lateral flexes spine

Nerve: Primary posterior rami