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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the bones of the nasal cavity. |
Anterior - external nose (cartilidge) Medial - nasal septum (Cartilidge and two bones) Floor - maxilla (hard palate) and palatine bone. Roof - nasal bone, frontal bone, ethmoid and sphenoid bone (4). Anterior opening - piriform aperture. |
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What are the concha and meatuses? |
Concha - lateral wall formed by shelves of mucous membrane - covered boned called conchae. Meatuses - areas under the shelves. Both consist of Superior, middle and inferior concha/meatus respectively. |
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What are the 4 paranasal sinuses? |
Frontal sinus Ethmoidal sinuses Sphenoidal sinus Maxillary sinuses |
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Where do they each drain into? |
Ethomoidal (posterior) - Superior Meatus Frontal, maxillary, ethmoidal (anterior, middle) - Middle Meatus Inferior Meatus - Naslacrimal duct - tears from eye |
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Names the boundaries of the Pharynx |
Nasopharynx - choanae - soft palate Oropharynx - soft palate-epiglottis Laryngopharynx- epiglottis-larynx/oesophagus |
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Names these features of the pharynx. |
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What are the four main cartilages in the larynx? |
Epiglottis Thyroid cartilage Arytenoid cartildge x2 Cricoid Cartlidge |
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What are the differences between the right and left bronchi? |
Right - shorter, wider and more vertical than the left. |
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What are there anatomical position in the thorax? |
Posterior to heart, pass into each lung root before branching. |
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Explain the bronchial tree |
Trachea --> Primary bronchi --> secondary bronchi --> tertiary bronchi ---> terminal bronchioles which divide into --> respiratory bronchioles which develop into --> alveoli and alveolar sacs |
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What are the positions of the lungs? |
Covered by pleurae, occupy the pulmonary cavities of the thoracic cavity. Apex - extends into root of neck above 1st rib. Base - rests on diaphragm. Costal surface - adjacent to ribs and intercostal spaces Mediastinal surface - against mediastinum anteriorly and verterbral column posteriorly. |
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Differences between the lungs? |
Right lung is larger Shorter because liver pushes up from below Wider because heart bulges to the left 3 lobes - superior, middle and inferior. 2 fissures - oblique and horizontal Left lung is smaller than right Longer - no liver below Narrow - heart bulges to left 2 lobes - superior, inferior 1 fissure - oblique Cardiac notch and lingula |
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What does the Phrenic nerve do? |
Motor innervation to diaphragm Sensory innervation to parietal pleura |
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What does the sympathetic trunk do? |
Sympathetic innervation bronchodilation reduced secretions increases respiratory rate |
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What does the vagus nerve do?
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Parasympathetic autonomic innervation broncho constriction increases secretions decreases respiratory rate |
