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154 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where is the coracoid process located?
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superior to glenoid cavity on scapula
(below clavicle, medial to acromion) |
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What does the clavicle look like?
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medial 2/3 convex
distal 1/3 concave sternal end lower than acromial end |
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Where is the acromion located?
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lateral continuation of scapular spine
lateral to coracoid process |
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What are the two folds of the axilla?
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anterior and posterior
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Which fascia layer contains fat and which does not?
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superficial fascia contains fat
deep fascia does not contain fat |
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Which fascia layer is associated with the skin?
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superficial fascia
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Which fascia layer is associated with muscle?
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deep fascia
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What is notable about the platysma?
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it runs in the superficial fascia
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What innervates the platysma?
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facial nerve
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What do the supraclavicular nerves innervate?
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cutaneous to lower neck and upper shoulder and chest
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What spinal nerves supply fibers to the supraclavicular nerves?
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C3-C4
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Where is the cephalic vein loacted?
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in the groove between pectoralis major and the deltoid
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What is the cephalic vein a tributary to?
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axillary vein
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What innervates pectoralis major?
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medial and lateral pectoral nerves
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What innervates the deltoid?
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axillary nerve
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What is a group of a nerve, artery, and vein called?
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neuromuscular bundle
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What innervates serratus anterior?
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long thoracic nerve
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What is innervated by the axillary nerve?
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deltoid
teres minor |
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What is innervated by the medial pectoral nerve?
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pectoralis major
pectoralis minor |
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What is innervated by the long thoracic nerve?
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serratus anterior
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What is innervated by the lateral pectoral nerve?
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pectoralis major
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What innervates pectoralis minor?
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medial pectoral nerve
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What joint does pectoralis major primarilly act on?
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glenohumeral joint
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What supplies blood to serratus anterior?
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lateral thoracic artery
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What does the lateral thoracic artery branch from?
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2nd part of axillary artery
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What muscles receive blood from the lateral thoracic artery?
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pectoralis major
pectoralis minor serratus anterior |
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Where does the lateral thoracic artery run?
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lateral border of pectoralis minor
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What runs along the lateral border of pectoralis minor?
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lateral thoracic artery
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What is the function of serratus anterior?
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protracts and rotates scapula
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What are the attachments for serratus anterior?
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lateral part of ribs 1-8
medial border or scapula |
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What is the function of pectoralis major?
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adducts and medially rotates humerus
flexes and extends humerus draws scapula anteriorly and inferiorly |
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What are the attachments for pectoralis major?
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medial half of clavicle
sternum and costal cartilages 1-6 lateral lip of intertubercular groove of humerus |
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What is the function of pectoralis minor?
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draws scapula anteriorly and inferiorly
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What are the attachments for pectoralis minor?
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ribs 3-5
coracoid process of scapula |
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What is the function of the deltoid?
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flexes and medially roates arm
abducts arm extends and laterally roates arm |
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What does the thoracoacromial artery branch from?
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2nd part of axillary artery
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What are the branches of the thoracoacromial artery?
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clavicular
deltoid acromial pectoral |
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What is innervated by the thoracodorsal nerve?
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latissimus dorsi
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What innervates latissimus dorsi?
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thoracodorsal nerve
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What is innervated by the intercostobrachial nerve?
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cutaneous to medial side of upper arm
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What spinal nerve fibers are carried by the intercostobrachial nerve?
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T2
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Which vertebra is called the verterbra prominens?
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7th cervical vertebra
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What innervates the skin of the trunk?
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posterior cutaneous branches of dorsal rami of thoracic spinal nerves
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What innervates trapezius?
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spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)
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What does the spinal accessory (CN XI) nerve innervate?
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trapezius
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What is the function of trapezius?
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elevates, depresses, retracts, and superiorly rotates scapula
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What are the attachment sites for trapezius?
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external occipital protuberance
spinous processes of C7-C12 lateral third of clavicle acromion and spine of scapula |
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What is the function of latissimus dorsi?
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extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus
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What are the attachment sites for latissimus dorsi?
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spinous processes of T7-T12
thoracolumbar fascia iliac crest intertubercular groove of humerus |
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What innervates teres minor?
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axillary nerve
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What is the function of teres minor?
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laterally roates arm
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What are the attachment sites for teres minor?
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superior part of lateral border of scapula
inferior facet on greater tubercle of humerus |
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What innervates teres major?
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lower subscapular nerve
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What is innervated by the lower subscapular nerve?
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teres major
subscapularis |
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What is the function of teres major?
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adducts and medially roates arms
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What are the attachment sites for teres major?
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dorsal surface of inferior angle of scapula
medial lip of intertubercular groove of humerus |
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What innervates subscapularis?
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upper subscapular nerve
lower subscapular nerve |
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What is the function of subscapularis?
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medially rotates and adducts arm
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What are the attachment sites for subscapularis?
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subscapular fossa
lesser tubercle of humerus |
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What innervates infraspinatus?
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suprascapular nerve
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What does the suprascapular nerve innervate?
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supraspinatus
infraspinatus |
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What is the function of infraspinatus?
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laterally rotates arm
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What are the attachment sites for infraspinatus?
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infraspinous fossa
middle facet on greater tubercle of humerus |
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What innervates supraspinatus?
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suprascapular nerve
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What is the function of supraspinatus?
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abducts and rotates arm
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What are the attachments for supraspinatus?
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supraspinous fossa
superior facet on greater tubercle of humerus |
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What innervates rhomboid major?
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dorsal scapular nerve
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What innervates rhomboid minor?
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dorsal scapular nerve
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What does the dorsal scapular nerve innervate?
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rhomboid minor
rhomboid major levator scapulae |
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What innervates levator scapulae?
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dorsal scapular nerve
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What is the function of rhomboid major and rhomboid minor?
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retracts and rotates scapula
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What is the function of levator scapulae?
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elevates and rotates scapula
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What are the attachment sites for levator scapula?
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posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1-C4
superior part of medial border of scapula |
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What are the attachment sites for rhomboid major?
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spinous processes of T2-T5
medial border of scapula |
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What are the attachment sites for rhomboid minor?
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spinous processes of C7-T1
medial border of scapula |
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What is the deepest muscle group on the back along the spine?
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transversospinalis
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What is the outer group of the deep muscles of the back along the spine?
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erector spinae
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What is the function of the erector spinae muscles?
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rotation to the same side
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What is the function of the transversospinalis muscles?
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rotation to the opposite side
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Which deep back muscle group has fibers that run outward as they ascend the spine?
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erector spinae
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Which deep back muscle group has fibers that run outward as they descend the spine?
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transversospinalis
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What part of a vertebra runs between the body and the rest of it?
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pedicle
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What part of a vertebra runs between the transverse and spinous processes?
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lamina
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What runs between the lamina of vertebrae?
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ligamentum flavum
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Where is the ligamentum flavum found?
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between the lamina of vertebrae
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What covers the spinal cord?
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dura mater
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What is adherent to the spinal cord?
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pia mater
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Where are the denticulate ligaments located?
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between the pia mater and the dura mater
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What attaches the pia mater to the dura mater?
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denticulate ligaments
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What is the end of the spinal cord called?
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conus medullaris
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What is the "horse's tail" associated with the spinal cord?
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cauda equina
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What makes up the cauda equina?
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dorsal and ventral roots of lumbar and sacral spinal nerves
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What is the most inferior elongation of the spinal cord?
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filum terminale
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What makes up the filum terminale?
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pia mater
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What muscle's tendon continues into the hand as the palmar aponeurosis?
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palmaris longus
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What arteries appear in gaps formed in the palmar aponeurosis near the bases of the digits?
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proper palmar digital arteries
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What nerves appear in gaps formed in the palmar aponeurosis near the bases of the digits?
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proper palmar digital nerves
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Where are proper palmar digital arteries and nerves located?
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in gaps formed in the palmar aponeurosis near the bases of the digits
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What artery provides the major contribution to the superficial palmar arterial arch?
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ulnar artery
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What artery gives off the deep palmar branch?
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ulnar artery
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What nerve gives off the proper palmar digital nerves?
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superficial branch of the ulnar artery
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What muscles make up the hypothenar group?
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flexor digiti minimi
abductor digiti minimi opponens minimi |
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What innervates the hypothenar muscle group?
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deep branch of ulnar nerve
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Which hypothenar muscle(s) insert(s) on the proximal phalanx?
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abductor digiti minimi
flexor digiti minimi |
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Which hypothenar muscle(s) insert(s) on the fifth metacarpal?
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opponens digiti minimi
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Where is the recurrent branch of the median nerve located?
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superficial to flexor pollicis brevis, then deep to abductor pollicis brevis
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What innervates the thenar muscle group?
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recurrent median nerve
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What muscles make up the thenar muscle group?
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abductor pollicis brevis
flexor pollicis brevis opponens pollicis |
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What thenar muscle(s) insert(s) on the first metacarpal?
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opponens pollicis
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What thenar muscle(s) insert(s) on the proximal phalanx?
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abductor pollicis brevis
flexor pollicis brevis |
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What innervates the first two lumbricals?
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median nerve
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What innervates the last two lumbricals?
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ulnar nerve
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Where do the tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis insert?
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middle phalanx
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Where do the tendons of flexor digitorum profundus insert?
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distal phalanx
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What vessel lies deep to the heads of the first dorsal interosseous muscle?
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radial artery
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What connects the heads of the metacarpals?
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transverse metacarpal ligaments
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Which finger muscles pass palmar to the transverse metacarpal ligaments?
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lumbricals
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Which finger muscles pass dorsal to the transverse metacarpal ligaments?
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palmar interossei
dorsal interossei |
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What innervates the interossei?
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deep branch of the ulnar nerve
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What links the cephalic and basilic veins?
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median cubital vein
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What runs along the deep surface of brachioradialis?
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superficial branch of radial nerve
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What muscle does the superficial branch of the radial nerve run along the deep surface of?
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brachioradialis
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What muscle lies immediately dorsal to brachioradialis?
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extensor carpi radialis longus
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What nerve penetrates the suppinator muscle?
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deep branch of radial nerve
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What muscle does the deep branch of the radial nerve penetrate?
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suppinator
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What vessel lies between flexor carpi radialis and brachioradialis?
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radial artery
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What artery lies deep to flexor carpi radialis?
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ulnar artery
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What nerve lies deep to flexor carpi radialis?
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ulnar nerve
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What nerve lies between the flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor digitorum profundus?
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median nerve
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Which muscles have tendons that pass superficial to extensor carpi radialis longus and extensor carpi radialis brevis?
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abductor pollicis longus
extensor pollicis brevis |
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Where is the musculocutaneous nerve located?
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it penetrates coracobrachialis superiorly then appears laterally between coracobrachialis and the short head of the biceps brachii
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What nerve penetrates coracobrachialis?
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musculocutaneous nerve
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What does the musculocutaneous nerve end as?
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lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve
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What muscle is located beneath the distal half of biceps brachii?
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brachialis
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What muscles are innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve?
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coracobrachialis
biceps brachii brachialis |
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What innervates coracobrachialis, biceps brachii, and brachialis?
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musculocutaneous nerve
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What runs between the long head and medial head of the triceps brachii?
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radial nerve
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What runs between the medial epicondyle and olecranon process?
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ulnar nerve
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What nerve gives off the posterior antebrachial cutaneous nerve?
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radial nerve
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What branches off of the subscapular artery?
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circumflex scapular artery
thoracodorsal artery |
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What does the medial cord of the brachial plexus terminate as?
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ulnar nerve
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What does the lateral cord of the brachial plexus terminate as?
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musculocutaneous nerve
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What does the posterior cord of the brachial plexus terminate as?
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radial nerve
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What are the borders of the quadrangular space?
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teres minor
neck of humerus tendon of teres major long head of triceps |
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What are the borders of the triangular space?
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lateral border of scapula
teres major long head of triceps |
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What is located in the quadrangular space?
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axillary nerve
posterior humeral circumflex artery |
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What is located in the triangular space?
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circumflex scapular artery
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What are the two coracoclavicular ligaments called?
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conoid ligament
trapezoidal ligament |
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What innervates triceps brachii?
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radial nerve
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What innervates the posterior compartment of the forearm?
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radial nerve
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What innervates adductor pollicis?
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ulnar nerve
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Which anterior forearm muscle is not innervated by the median nerve?
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flexor carpi ulnaris
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Which anterior forearm muscle is innervated by both the median and ulnar nerves?
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flexor digitorum profundus
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What innervates almost all of the anterior forearm muscles?
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median nerve
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