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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What do we call the integral membrane proteins that open a pore in response to a molecule binding to its active site?
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Ligand-gated channels
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What are carbohydrates composed of?
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Monosaccharides
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What is the name for proteins that act as catalysts, lower activation energy and facilitate RXNS?
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Enzymes
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T/F Apoptosis is the term used to describe "programmed cell death" or "cell suicide" that occurs as a natural process in development.
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True
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Which of the following is involved in both transcription and translation?
a. mRNA b. rRNA c. tRNA d. DNA e. A thru C f. A thru D |
A
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Which enzyme "reads" and makes new copies of the DNA during DNA Replication?
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DNA polymerase
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The term that indicates that DNA replication yields two identical strands, each composed of one "old" and one "new" strand is...?
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Semi-conservative
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T/F Cancerous tumors generally result from hypertrophy when cell growth goes unchecked in a tissue.
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False
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Which of the following epidermal strata contains mitotic cells?
a. Lucidum b. Basale c. Granulosum d. Corneum e. None of these |
B
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T/F The predominant connective tissue in the papillary layer of the dermis is dense irregular CT.
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False
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Which of the following burn types cause damage to the dermis?
a. 1st degree burns b. 2nd degree burns c. 3rd degree burns d. A and B e. B and C |
E.
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The primary component of the organic material in bone is called...
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Collagen
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Which of the following cells originate from osteogenic cells?
a. osteocytes b. osteoclasts c. osteoblasts d. A, B and C e. A and C |
E.
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Which of these 3 statements is FALSE with regard to intramembranous ossification?
a. Mesenchyme condenses into fibrous sheets in which osteoblasts form into bone. b. Only spongy (cancellous) bone is formed this way c. The Parietal and Frontal bones form in this manner. d. Trabeculae are formed during intramembranous ossification. |
B.
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Which of the following is/are FALSE with regard to endochondral ossification?
a. Chondrocytes undergo hypertrophy in the lacunae to increase their size b. The primary ossification center is in the center of the diaphysis c. Secondary ossification centers form in the metaphysis d. Chondrocytes transform into osteoclasts to aid in bone formation e. A and B are false f. C and D are false |
F.
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Which layers of the metaphysis contains cells undergoing hypertrophy and/or hyperplasia? Zone of...
a. Cell Hypertrophy b. Bone Deposition c. Proliferation d. Calcification e. Two of the above |
E. hypertrophy and proliferation
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Which of the following is FALSE with regard to the metaphysis?
a. Bone growth/lengthening occurs here b. It stops activity at the beginning of puberty c. It is found on both sides of the epiphyseal plate d. Plays a role in interstitial bone growth e. Has osteoblasts in the Zone of Bone Deposition |
B.
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What is the medical term that describes how bone grows when tissue is added to the outside of the bone (verses growth within the tissues)?
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Appositional
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A calcium inbalance in the blood that leads to increased excitability of the nervous system and tetany is called....
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Hypocalcemia
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Which of the following hormones is made/secreted to increase calcium in the blood?
a. Parathyroid Hormone b. Calictriol c. Calcitonin d. Two of the above e. None of the above |
D. Parathyroid and Calcitriol
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A fracture of a bone that is broken completely into two pieces that protrudes through the skin is:
a. Oblique: Open b. Complete: Closed c. Comminuted: Closed d. Linear: Open e. Complete: Open |
E.
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Which of these statements is FALSE regarding bone healing?
a. Bones do not bleed when they are broken b. A soft (fibrocartilage) callus forms in the week or so following the hematoma c. A hard callus replaces the soft callus after several weeks. d. Granulation tissue forms within the hematoma after a period of 1-2 days |
A.
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Name a type of fibrous joint and give one example of this type in the human skeleton
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gomphosis: joints in teeth
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Which of the following is not a component of all synovial joints?
a. hyaline cartilage b. joint capsule c. synovial fluid d. articular cartilage e. fibrocartilage |
E.
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T/F Menisces are made of hyaline cartilage and function to connect the bones to each other outside of the joint.
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false
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The ligaments on the outsides (medial and lateral) of the knee joint are called...
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collateral
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Fluid-filled sacs that wrap around tendons to provide cushioning and increase "slide-ability" of those tendons are called...
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tendon sheaths
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Give an example (tell me the location in the body) of a condylar joint
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metacarpophalangeal, in the hand
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Give an example of a pivot joint
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Radioulnar
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What is the orientation of the effort, fulcrum, and resistance in the most prevalent lever in the human body?
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Fulcrum, effort, resistance
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