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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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hypertension |
-heart has to work harder to pump blood |
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atherosclerosis |
-cholesterol deposited ->inflammatory reaction ->smooth muscle proliferates ->lumen narrows again and again and again --->trauma/stasis -> clot |
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aneurysm |
-weakened blood vessel wall -out-pouching at site of weakness |
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angina |
-heart is not receiving enough oxygen-rich blood -blood flow occluded |
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myocardial infarction |
-aka heart attack -muscle cells die; scar forms |
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cerebrovascular accident |
-aka stroke -80% of time is ischemic; when blood clot stops the flow of blood to an area of the brain -20% of time is hemorrhagic; weakened/diseased blood vessels rupture |
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URI |
-Upper Respiratory Infection -inflammation of the tonsils, pharynx, and larynx |
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sinusitis |
-nasal congestion blocks openings to sinuses |
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otitis media |
-middle ear infection -infected fluid in middle ear buildup |
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laryngitis |
-inflammation of vocal chords |
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bronchitis |
-thick mucus; swollen lining of bronchus --> narrowed airway |
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pneumonia |
-viral or bacterial infection; often follows the flue -fluid, inflammatory cells fill alveoli |
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asthma |
two components to asthma: -inflammation -airway constriction (by bronchial smooth muscle) |
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carbon monoxide poisoning |
-carbon monoxide binds very tightly to hemoglobin -O2 and CO2 can no longer be carried |
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emphysema |
-alveolar wall destruction ->less surface area for gas exchange |
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COPD |
-Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease -chronic bronchitis -emphysema |
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rigor mortis |
-ACh into clefts; calcium released -> muscle contraction -no oxygen -> no ATP ->no muscle relaxation |
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tetanus |
-Clostridium tetani -produces exotoxin -prevents muscle relaxation |
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osteoarthritis |
-wear & tear/previous trauma -loss of articular cartilage -bone on bone -> bone spurs -large, weight bearing joints +/- hyaluronic acid |
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rheumatoid arthritis |
-body's immune system attacks itself -"autoimmune" -thick joint capsule/destroyed cartilage -small joints, esp. hands and feet |
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gouty arthritis |
-nucleic acid metabolism->uric acid -if levels elevated, crystallizes -deposits in kidneys, skin, joints -swelling, PAIN, inflammation -side effect of high protein diet |
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basal cell carcinoma |
-most common form of skin cancer -caused by chronic exposure to UV light |
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squamous cell carcinoma |
-due to UV light exposure -face, neck, bald scalp, hands, shoulders, arms, back |
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melanoma |
-most deadly; 2% of populaion -Asymmetry: when half of the mole does not match the other half -Border: when the border/edges of the mole are ragged or irregular -Colour: when the colour of the mole caries throughout -Diameter: if the mole's diameter is larger than a pencil's eraser |
