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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Epicranius
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Bipartite muscle consisting of the frontalis and occipitalis muscles connected by a cranial aponeurosis.
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Frontalis
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Covers forehead and dome of skull. Part of epicranius.
O: galea aponeurotica I: skin of eyebrows and root of nose A: raises the eyebrows & wrinkles forehead |
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Occipitalis
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Overlies posterior occiput
O: occipital and temporal bones I: galea aponeurotica A: fixes aponeurosis and pulls scalp posteriorly. |
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Orbicularis Occuli
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Thin, tripartite sphincter muscle of eyelid; surrounds rim of orbit.
O: frontal and maxillary bones, ligaments around orbit I: tissue of eyelid A: protects eyes from intense light and injury; blinking, squinting, draws eyebrows down. |
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Zygomaticus
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Muscle pair (major and minor) extending diagonally from cheekbone to corner of mouth.
O: zygomatic bone I: skin and muscle at corner of mouth A: raises lateral corners of mouth upward ("smiling muscle") |
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Risorius
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Slender muscle inferior and lateral to zygomaticus
O: lateral fascia associated with masseter muscle I: skin at angle of mouth A: Draws corner of lip laterally Synergist of zygomaticus. |
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Levator Labii Superioris
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Thin muscle between obicularis oris and inferior eye margin.
O: zygomatic bone and infraorbital margin of maxilla I: skin/muscle of upper lip A: opens lips, raises upper lip |
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Depressor Labii Inferioris
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Small muscle running from mandible to lower lip
O: body of mandible lateral to its midline I: skin and muscle of lower lip A: draws lower lip into pout |
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Orbicularis Oris
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Multilayered muscle of the lips with fibres that run in many different directions, mostly circularly.
O: arises indirectly from maxilla and mandible I: encircles mouth A: closes/purses/protrudes lips |
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Mentalis
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One of the muscle pair forming a V-shaped muscle mass on the chin
O: mandible, below incisors I: skin of chin A: protrudes lower lip & wrinkles chin |
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Buccinator
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Thin, horizontal cheek muscle deep to masseter
O: molar region of maxilla and mandible I: orbicularis oris A: draws corner of mouth laterally, compresses cheek, holds food between teeth during chewing |
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Platysma
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Unpaired, thin, sheetlike superficial neck muscle
O: fascia of chest (over pecs and delts) I: lower margin of mandible and skin/muscle at corner of mouth A: Helps depress mandible, tenses skin of neck |
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Masseter
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Powerful muscle that covers lateral aspect of mandibular ramus.
O: zygomatic arch and maxilla I: angle and ramus of mandible A: Prime mover of jaw closure. |
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Temporalis
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Fan-shaped muscle that covers parts of the temporal, frontal, and parietal bones
O: temporal fossa I: coronoid process of mandible via a tendon that passes deep to zygomatic arch A: Closes jaw |
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Digastric
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Consists of two bellies united by an intermediate tendon, forming a V shape under the chin
O: lower margin of mandible and mastoid process of the temporal bone I: connected to hyoid via CT loop A: elevate hyoid bone and steady it during swallowing and speech |
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Mylohyoid
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Flat, triangular muscle just deep to digastric muscle. Floor of anterior mouth.
O: medial surface of mandible I: hyoid bone and median raphe A: Elevates hyoid bone and floor of mouth, enables backward/upward pressure of tongue for swallowing. |
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Sternohyoid
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Most medial muscle of the neck. Superficial except where covered by sternocleidomastoid.
O: manubrium & medial end of clavicle I: lower margin of hyoid bone A: depresses larynx and hyoid bone if mandible is fixed |
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Sternocleidomastoid
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Two-headed muscle located deep to platysma on anterolateral surface of neck.
O: manubrium of sternum and medial portion of clavicle I: mastoid process of temporal bone and superior nuchal line of occipital bone. A: prime mover of active head flexion |
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Scalenes
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Located more laterally than anteriorly on neck. Deep to platysma and sternocleidomastoid.
O: transverse processes of cervical vertebrae I: anterolaterally on first two ribs A: elevate first tow ribs, flex and rotate neck |
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Splenius
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Broad bipartite superficial muscle extending from upper thoracic vertebrae to skull. Holds down deeper neck muscles.
O: Ligamentum nucae (ligament extending from occipital bone along the tips of the spinous processes of the cervical vertebrae), spinous processes of C7-T6 I: mastoid process of temporal bone & occipital bone, transverse processes of C2-C4 vertebrae A: extend or hyperextend head |