An Illustrated Guide To Veterinary Medical Terminology - 3Rd Edition (Romich) - Null & Void Chapter 5

Front 1

Removes wastes from the body by constantly filtering blood

Back 1

urinary system

Front 2

maintaining a stable environment by continually adjusting conditions

Back 2

homeostasis

Front 3

combining forms meaning urine or pertaining to the urinary organs

Back 3

urin/o
ur/o

Front 4

combining forms meaning kidney

Back 4

ren/o
nephr/o

Front 5

outer layer of the kidney

Back 5

cortex

Front 6

combining form meaning outer region

Back 6

cortic/o

Front 7

inner layer of the kidney

Back 7

medulla

Front 8

combining form meaning middle or inner region

Back 8

medull/o

Front 9

functional unit of the kidney

Back 9

nephron

Front 10

cluster of capillaries surrounded by Bowman's capsule

Back 10

glomerulus

Front 11

combining form meaning glomerulus

Back 11

glomerul/o

Front 12

area of the kidney where the nephrons collect before entering the ureters

Back 12

renal pelvis

Front 13

combining from for renal pelvis

Back 13

pyel/o

Front 14

irregular cuplike spaces that collect urine from the kidney

Back 14

calyes
calyx (singular form)

Front 15

concave depression of the kidney that serves as the point of attachment or the renal blood vessels, nerves, and ureter

Back 15

hilus

Front 16

cluster of capillaries that filter blood

Back 16

glomerulus

Front 17

cup-shaped structure that contains the glomerulus

Back 17

Bowman's capsule

Front 18

hollow tubes located between Bowman's capsule and loops of Henle that are involved in reabsorption

Back 18

proximal convoluted tubules

Front 19

U-shaped turn in the convoluted tubule of the kidney located between the proximal and distal convoluted tubules that is involved in reabsorption; has ascending and descending loop

Back 19

loop of Henle

Front 20

hollow tubes located between the loops of Henle and the collecting tubules that are involved in secretion

Back 20

distal convoluted tubules

Front 21

hollow tubes that carry urine from the cortex to the renal pelvis

Back 21

collecting tubules

Front 22

rolled or coiled

Back 22

convoluted

Front 23

a pair of narrow tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder

Back 23

ureters

Front 24

combining form for ureter

Back 24

ureter/o

Front 25

triangular portion at the base of the urinary bladder where the three angles are marked by the two ureteral openings and one urethral opening

Back 25

trigone

Front 26

singular hollow muscular organ that holds urine

Back 26

urinary bladder

Front 27

combining form for urinary bladder

Back 27

cyst/o

Front 28

ringlike muscles that close a passage

Back 28

sphincters

Front 29

hormone produced by the kidney that stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow

Back 29

erythropoietin

Front 30

hormone released by the posterior pituitary gland that suppresses urine formation by reabsorbing more water

Back 30

antidiuretic ADH

Front 31

hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex that regulates electrolyte balance via the reabsorption of sodium

Back 31

aldosterone

Front 32

a tube extending from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body

Back 32

urethra

Front 33

combining form for urethra

Back 33

urethr/o

Front 34

external opening of the urethra

Back 34

urethral meatus

Front 35

combining form meaning opening

Back 35

meat/o

Front 36

process of urine production

Back 36

uropoiesis

Front 37

suffix meaning formation

Back 37

-poiesis

Front 38

suffix meaning color

Back 38

-chrome

Front 39

cloudy urine

Back 39

turbid

Front 40

surgical puncture of the urinary bladder, usually to collect urine. It is usually performed with a needle and syringe

Back 40

cystocentesis

Front 41

radiographic study of the urinary bladder after contrast material has been placed in the urinary bladder via a urethral catheter

Back 41

cystography

Front 42

radiographic film of the urinary bladder after contrast material has been placed in the urinary bladder via a urethral catheter

Back 42

cystogram

Front 43

going backwards

Back 43

retrograde

Front 44

visual examination of the urinary bladder using a fiberoptic instrument

Back 44

cystoscopy

Front 45

fiberoptic instrument used to access the interior of the urinary bladder

Back 45

cystoscope

Front 46

radiographic study of the kidney (especially the renal pelvis) and ureters in which a dye is injected into a vein to define structures more clearly

Back 46

intravenous pyelogram

Front 47

radiographic study of the urinary bladder after air had been placed in the bladder via a urethral catheter

Back 47

pneumocystography

Front 48

imaging of internal structures that is created by exposing specialized film to X-rays

Back 48

radiography

Front 49

a plain X-ray made without the use of contrast material

Back 49

scout film

Front 50

radiographic study of the kidney and ureters in which a contrast material is placed directly in the urinary bladder

Back 50

retrograde pyelogram

Front 51

examination of urine components

Back 51

urinalysis (UA)

Front 52

insertion of a tube through the urethra into the urinary bladder (usually to collect urine)

Back 52

urinary catheterization

Front 53

hollow tube that is inserted into a body cavity to inject or remove fluid

Back 53

catheter

Front 54

presence of the major blood protein in urine

Back 54

albuminuria

Front 55

complete suppression of urine production

Back 55

anuria

Front 56

presence of bacteria in urine

Back 56

bacteriuria

Front 57

urine with naturally produced angular solid of definitive form (crystals)

Back 57

crystalluria

Front 58

difficult or painful urination

Back 58

dysuria

Front 59

glucose (sugar) in urine

Back 59

glucosuria or glycosuria

Front 60

blood in urine

Back 60

hematuria

Front 61

presence of ketones in urine

Back 61

ketonuria

Front 62

excessive urination at night

Back 62

nocturia

Front 63

scanty or little urine

Back 63

oliguria

Front 64

frequent urination

Back 64

pollakiuria

Front 65

excessive urination

Back 65

polyuria

Front 66

presence of proteins in urine

Back 66

proteinuria

Front 67

pus in urine

Back 67

pyuria

Front 68

slow or painful urination

Back 68

stranguria

Front 69

presence of urea or other nitrogenous elements in the blood

Back 69

azotemia

Front 70

abnormal mineral deposit

Back 70

calculus

Front 71

combining form for stone or calculus

suffix for stone or calculus

Back 71

lith/o

-lith

Front 72

fibrous or protein materials found in the urine with renal disease or another abnormality

Back 72

casts

Front 73

naturally produced angular solid of definitive form

Back 73

crystals

Front 74

urinary bladder pain

Back 74

cystalgia or cystodynia

Front 75

inflammation of the urinary bladder

Back 75

cystitis

Front 76

displacement of the urinary bladder through the vaginal wall

Back 76

cystocele

Front 77

abnormal condition in which the urethra opens on the dorsum of the penis

Back 77

epispadias

Front 78

common disease of cats in which cystitis, urethritis, and crystalluria are found

Back 78

feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD)

Front 79

inflammation of the kidney involving the glomeruli

Back 79

glomerulonephritis

Front 80

dilation of the renal pelvis as a result of an obstruction to urine flow

Back 80

hydronephrosis

Front 81

distention of the ureter with urine caused by any blockage

Back 81

hydroureter

Front 82

abnormal condition in which the urethra opens on the ventral surface of the penis

Back 82

hypospadias

Front 83

eliminating urine at the wrong time or in the wrong place

Back 83

inappropriate urination

Front 84

inability to control excretory functions

Back 84

incontinence

Front 85

inflammation within the wall of the urinary bladder

Back 85

interstitial cystitis

Front 86

suffix meaning the presence of stones or calculi

Back 86

-lithiasis

Front 87

distention of the kidneys

Back 87

nephrectasis

Front 88

inflammation of the kidneys

Back 88

nephritis

Front 89

kidney stone or renal calculus

Back 89

nephrolith

Front 90

abnormal softening of the kidney

Back 90

nephromalacia

Front 91

disease of the kidneys

Back 91

nephropathy

Front 92

abnormal hardening of the kidney

Back 92

nephrosclerosis

Front 93

abnormal condition of the kidney(s)

Back 93

nephrosis

Front 94

before and after the kidney, respectively

Back 94

prerenal and postrenal

Front 95

downward displacement of a body organ

Back 95

prolapse

Front 96

suffix meaning drooping or dropping down

Back 96

-ptosis

Front 97

inflammation of the renal pelvis and kidney

Back 97

pyelonephritis

Front 98

inability of the kidneys to function

Back 98

renal failure

Front 99

a poison having destructive effects on the kidneys

Back 99

nephrotoxin

Front 100

elevated excretion of urine

Back 100

diuresis

Front 101

drugs that increase urine production

Back 101

diuretics

Front 102

obstruction of blood flow to the kidney(s)

Back 102

renal infarction

Front 103

waste products in the blood

Back 103

uremia

Front 104

distention of the ureter

Back 104

ureterectasis

Front 105

stone in the urethra

Back 105

ureterolith

Front 106

stricture of the urethra

Back 106

urethrostenosis

Front 107

abnormal band of tissue narrowing a passage

Back 107

stricture

Front 108

inability to completely empty the urinary bladder

Back 108

urinary retention

Front 109

invasion of microorganisms in the urinary system, which results in local cellular injury

Back 109

urinary tract infection (UTI)

Front 110

urinary bladder stone

Back 110

urolith or cystolith

Front 111

surgical removal of all or part of the urinary bladder

Back 111

cystectomy

Front 112

surgical fixation of the urinary bladder to the abdominal wall

Back 112

cystopexy

Front 113

surgical repair of the urinary bladder

Back 113

cystoplasty

Front 114

surgical creation of a new opening between the skin and urinary bladder

Back 114

cystostomy

Front 115

surgical incision into the urinary bladder

Back 115

cystotomy

Front 116

procedure to remove blood waste products when the kidneys are no longer functioning

Back 116

dialysis

Front 117

removal of blood waste products by fluid exchange through the peritoneal cavity

Back 117

peritoneal dialysis

Front 118

removal of blood waste products by filtering blood through a machine

Back 118

hemodialysis

Front 119

destruction of stone using ultrasonic waves traveling through water

Back 119

lithotripsy

Front 120

suffix meaning to crush

Back 120

-tripsy

Front 121

surgical removal of a kidney

Back 121

nephrectomy

Front 122

surgical fixation of a kidney to the abdominal wall

Back 122

nephropexy

Front 123

surgical removal of the ureter

Back 123

ureterectomy

Front 124

surgical repair of the ureter

Back 124

ureteroplasty

Front 125

surgical creation of a permanent opening between the urethra and the skin

Back 125

urethrostomy

Front 126

surgical creation of a permanent opening between the urethra and the skin between the anus and scrotum

Back 126

perineal urethrostomy