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75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Lyris T. Barret |
civil war vet in Texas to get oil. In 1866, Nochadochas. They tried getting oil, but it wasen’t much. He invited down an expert from Pennsylvania. |
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John. F Carll |
he was paid to go down to Nochadochas. He wasen’t impressed because there was nothing that indicated that there was oil by the eyes. So he went back home and forgot about Texas. |
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Corsicana |
The people in there they were looking for water, the town fathers in Jun 1894, they made a water well deeper. No water but something else. Possibilities. They brought in experts, there were two guys from Pennsylvania, opened up oil Kansas.The first oil experience and rotary drilling. By the end on 1897. There was 43 oil wells and they were producing 66 thousand barrels a year. It was better than want people expected to be but it wasn’t enough. |
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John H Galey and James M. Guffey |
came from Kansas to Corsicana in 1895. They thought things looked promising enough. They drilled 5 wells and 4 out of them got oil. No gushers. To them it wasen’t a good deal. |
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J.S. Cullinan |
from Pennsylvania, heard about Corsicana and thought he could make a little money. He had friends with standard oil. He was kinda in the circle, not really but really. In 1899 he starts producing kerosene in Corsacana. The drillers didn’t get much oil, but it was cheap to do so. The production was steady. |
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Pattillo Higgings |
the weirdo of the town. He was familiar with the countryside of town of Beaumont. He though that the hill was a oil reservoir because of the gas that sipped out of the river. He didn’t have enough money, he bothered the people of time for the town and some people gave him money so that he would stop bothering. Higgins got as far as 200 feet and gave up, because the rock was soft and it cave in a lot. He did try a second time. |
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Beaumont |
the City where Spindletop was near. Cable tool drilling did not work in this area. He needed casing and rotary drilling. |
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William Kennedy |
An expect that Higgins hired to see if there was anything under the hill, but he said there was nothing under spindletop. |
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Anthony Lucas |
Higgins advertise in magazines to get an engineer.he had worked in salt domes. But Higgins was broke, and Lucas was still bvery interested. He Linked up with Galey and Guffey, and they decided they would help and get in on the deal. All three got all of the money and Higgins was left out. |
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Hamill Brothers |
Brothers from Corsicana.The brothers figure out that using a mud instead of water you were able to control better the drilling. Drilling mud was invented. They also used casing by putting a pipe there. |
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Spindletop |
"Discovered by Higgins". The Anthony Lucas, Guley and Guffey, with the help of the Hamill brothers finally put spindletop to work. On January 10th 1901- A huge gusher came in a a thousand feet very huge at the time. It was so powerful that houses in town got splashed with oil. A lot of the oil created an oil lagoon. The lagoon of oil caught on fire because of a train. Thousand of people rushed to lease land around the hill. The subdivided the acres and sold and kept doing so. |
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James Hogg. |
Former Governor. He was so fat he could not move. Guffey offered govenernor Hogg a 15 acre lease on top of spindeltop at a real bargain. Hogg had and investor circle who get on the deal. They don’t have people with experience with the oil industry. Hogg wanted to get J.S. Collinan and start a company the Texas Comapany, now know as Texaco. They build a pipeline to port author on the gulf of mexico. There they also build a refinery. |
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Texas Fuel Company |
Hogg wanted to get J.S. Collinan and start a company.now know as Texaco. |
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Dutch Shell |
Guffey got a contracthe sold his oil to the company. |
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Mellon family. |
They gave money to Gufey to help him produce oi. |
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Gulf Oil Company. |
In 1907 Guffey set up |
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The Pew Family |
had a little refinery in Philadelphia, their company was called Sun Oil. They sent J Edgar Pew to Texas. He lease land, built a pipeline and they are refining it. |
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Sun oil |
started by the pew family |
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J Edgar Pew |
He represented the Pew Family in texas. |
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Wiess Family |
from Texas in Beaumont. They had money from timber and were quiet wealthy. They didn’t know anything about oil |
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Humble Oil Company. |
Set up by the Humble family |
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John Henry Kirby- |
Independent oil men |
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T.P. Lee- |
Independent oil men |
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John Sealy |
Independent oil men |
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Waters Pirece Oil Company |
standard oil was not in Texas cu they had gotten in trouble in Texas before.They did competitors prices in Texas. Texas politicians attack the company and took in to court in the 1890’s. the Texas court sided with Texas politicians. |
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George Burt |
set up a refinery Beaumont and he set up a pipeline, with standards money. It was called Security Oil Company. |
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Security Oil Company |
in 1906 Texas politicians kicked George out. It was bought out by John Sealy. |
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Magnolia Oil. |
Kin 1906 Texas politicians kicked George out. It was bought out by John Sealy. He opened negotiations with people in Standard oil. Magnolia was an affiliate with New York standard. |
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Results of Spindletop on the industry. |
1. Texas got the American petroleum industry to open the South West. 2. Geologist and other people in the industry started looking into slat domes for oil. 3. Standard’s oil dominance was challenged by the Texan companies. Standard is no longer the big dog. 4. It showed how rotary drilling it could be. It could go places that drilling wasn’t able to go. 5. More oil men that made their fortunes from everywhere. More people in the industry. A large number of Texans moved to get money in the boom. 6. Texas becomes a major oil producing state. 7. The Texas gulf course emerges as a major U.S. refining center and exporting Center. Texas begins to supply Europe with oil. |
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1911 Standard is broken up. |
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IMPACT ON TEXAS |
1. Spindletop gave Texas the first major oil boom. 2. Any hill in Texas becomes a target for oil production. |
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Saratoga and Sour Lake |
In 1902, there large amounts of oil and gas had been discovered. |
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Batson Prairie. |
1903 oil was discovered |
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Humble |
1905, discovered oil making the area a major oil town. (Houston) |
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Goose Creek |
a salt dome discovery. |
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Houston |
epicenter of Texas oil. Because Houston had more money, it also had a lot of railroads, Houston was a big industrial center along with a lot of skilled labor. There was also a ship channel. It has much more office space than in other places in Texas. |
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Glen pool |
1905, Oklahoma experienced a giant oil discovery. |
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Oklahoma |
Glenn Pool 1905, Cushing 1912, Healdton 1913 |
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clay county |
natural gas. In 1907. Lone Star Gas(atmos). 1909 they they pipeline to get gas to dallas, fort worth and other places. |
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Petrolia |
oil was discovered it was good quality but no enough |
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Waggoner Ranch- |
many wells with water and oil. |
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Electra- |
on April fool’s day 1911, a gusher came in Electra. It became very attractive since it was cheap to get to the oil, there weren’t any problems, and refiners like the quality of the oil. |
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Ranger |
In 1917. The crude oil that was found was very good, no sulfur and high gravity. |
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Burkburnett |
1918 a lot of oil was found. |
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Texas Railroad Commission |
In 1890s. the commission was set up. In 1899. People wanted the oil industry to be regulated. In 1899. There were many irresponsible operators. People that drilled and let oil go anywhere, destroy water wells, many left the holes open. 1899 first oil regulation is passed in Texas. Operators had to seal off water or oil formations so that they wouldn’t populate. The law made no way to enforcer the law. |
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Pipeline carrier and proration |
the little companies wanted to use the pipelines of other making the Texas legislature use the pipelines. Sharing the pipelines. In 1917 this was passed. |
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Common carrier |
busses and railroads have to carry people stuff equality. |
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Flush Production |
drilling like crazy. no matter the cost |
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Town Lot Drilling |
a lot of rigs in one area. |
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North Texas oil Industry |
1. It was a waste of oil. Gushers were aloud to prayed the ground and none connected it. 2. Price of oil is very low 3. waste resources and money. |
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Why did the law against waste of oil and gas failed? |
The Texas road commission was in charge of enforcing the law. 1. railroad commission consisted of elected politicians that knew nothing of the railroad or petroleum industry. 2. almost no staff, only 12 people. 4. many operators don't want to be bossed around |
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Theodore Roosevelt |
He was a conservative. against using natural resources. He created the USGS in order to know where oil was in the government land. |
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geologist |
were starting to get hired in the 1920s` |
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United States Geological Survey (USGS) |
its leader was George Otis Smith. |
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David T. Day |
In 1909, Guesstimated that by 1935 the U.S. would run out of oil. |
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William Howard Taft |
he set away public land in the hopes that it would have oil underneath it. there were two locations in California and one in Wyoming. they were called "Naval reserves or "uncle Sam's oil barrel" |
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Buena Vista Hills |
on of the public lands set away in Cali. |
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Elk hills |
on of the public lands set away in Cali. |
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Tea Pot Dome |
on of the public lands set away in Wyoming. |
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Problems with the Naval Reserves |
1. nobody had drilled in this area. either in cali or wy 2. The California land was of the gov. and the southern pacific railroads. it had been divided into a checker board. |
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What did the government do in order to prevent further waste. |
1. Setting aside the land 2. tax breaks 5% (1913) in 1926- 27.5% this tax reduction was applied on anything that could not be reused like drilling mud, labor, repairs, and others. |
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the Fuel Administration-oil division |
created in 1916 to make sure there was enough oil for everyone lead by Mark Regua |
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What did the Administration do? |
1. encourage to use less oil during war times 2. encourage to leave price of oil low enough to be reacheble 3. they made sure that enough wasproduced sidenot-if you worked in oil you weren't drafted. |
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Mesopotamia (Iraq)- |
people knew that this are had great amounts of oil. The United States wanted to get some. After the WWI the British and the French were already in the middle east getting oil, and they didn't want americans too get any. American oil government's pressured the U.S.gov. to pressure the British and the French to allow them to get oil in that are. |
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Tampico |
in Mexico were there was a lot of oil. A lot of gushers. The majority of the oil used in WWI came from Tampico. |
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1918 |
Colombia oil found. |
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1922 |
Venezuela in in 9 days a million barrels of oil (maracaibo) . Oil found. |
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Josephus Daniels- |
he decided if the federal government nationalized the oil industry. (Navy secretary) most people didn't go that far. Conservationist wanted to take more federal land to set it aside. |
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Teapot Dome Scandal- |
this area wasen't really produced as much as other areas. 1920 political elecetion. |
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Warren Harding- |
was elected republican form Ohio. Elected president in 1920. |
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Albert Fall |
he wanted to be secretary of interior. From New Mexico. A state that had the most federal land, and on his new position he would control it all. He was slesy. And he needy money because he was in debt after buying a lot of lands. He has friend in the oil industry. E.L. Doheny. An oil men. He and his friends pressure Fall and Harding convinced the to set those federal on production for certain companies. Fall needed money, so he let Doheny to start drilling hills.Harry SInclairoklahoma oil men was interested n teapot dome. The results of the scandal. |
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Harry SInclair |
Oklahoma oil men was interested n teapot dome. The results of the scandal. |
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The results of the scandal. |
1.Albert Fall ended up in jail fro taking Doheny's bribe. 2.Doheny was tried on giving a bribe but not found guilty. 3. Harry Sinclair he was guilty of contempt of court. 4.The oil companies leases on the lands were cancelled. Nobody could drill. 5. It became another black stain on the opinion of the industry. Now the industry is corrupting politicians. |
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Result of fearing runnig out oil. |
1.Oil prices ran sky high. People started to work in oil. 2. Setting own oil companies. Investors thought it was a great idea. 3. Investors start buying shares, and trust certificates. Or buying leases. 4. New companies that never really exited. |
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Micropalentology- |
working with rock cutting and studying them. Perfect work for women because of the |
