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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How did repbulicans feel about the economic situation/depression?
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The republicians felt like the economic situation would work itself out so they did not push for a lot of reforms and they were wrong.
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How did the democrats feel about the economic situtation/depression?
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The democrats believed that the New Deal would fix the depression and they were wrong
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Who was blammed for the depression and why?
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-Hoover
-Because he said that he would fix the remaninder of the economic problems. |
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Explain "Black Tuesday."
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-By 1929 the stock market began to decline quickly.
-On Oct. 29, 1929 "Black Tuesday" the stock market crashed. -When people went to get their $ out of the banks it was not there |
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What re the 5 causes of the Great Depression?
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1-Lack of diversity in the American economy in the 1920s (business diversity)
2-Uneven distribution of purchasing power (the elites had all the power aka the tycoons) 3-Poor credit structure of the economy (credit was extended to the wealthy and large banks invested recklessly and made bad loans) 4-International trading declined (european demand on american goods declined) 5-International debts (countries that owed u.s. money after WWI did not pay u.s. back) |
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Explain the Dust Bowl.
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-The Dust Bowl from Texas to North Dakota experienced a severe drought for 10 years
-Fertile lands were turned into desert -By 1934 100 million acres of topsoil was lost to the winds -Thousands of americans left |
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Explain the Bonus Army.
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-In 1924 congress promised $1000 to veterns of WWI to be paid in 1945.
-Bonus army wanted money now because of depression -Veterns formed the Bonus Army and demanded their money -Over 20,000 Bonus Army members marched on Washington and promised to stay there until they were paid. -Hoover called in police and army to have them removed and they did not get their money. |
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Who was Franklin D. Roosevelt?
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-First president to effectively use the radio to speak to the American people to help restore confidence in the American Economy
-His "fireside chats" explained his plans and programs (the new deal) for the u.s. -was elected 3 times for president by 1940 first time in history. |
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What was Roosevelt's first reform?
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The emergency banking act.
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Explain the Emergency Banking Act.
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-Closed banks for 4 days
-Closing banks was too prevent further bankrupcies and closings. |
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Explain the New Deal. Both.
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1-Reforming the economy
2-Bringing relief to the people |
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Explain the Social Security Act of 1935.
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-For the elderly on 2 conditions
1-Destitute 2-Retired |
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Explain the Court Packing Plan.
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-FDR proposed this because he intended to appoint up to 6 new "liberal" justices to the supreme court.
-He thought the current justices at the time were too conservative and overworked and struck down some of his important reforms -Justices later judged cases in favor of roosevelt's proposals and programs. |
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Explain the Fair Labor and Standards Act.
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Established a minimum wage and a 8 hour work day for all workers.
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Who was Francis Perkins?
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-1st female presidental cabinet member
-Secretary of labor -Against married women working to earn extra money for the household. |
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Explain the Tennessee Valley Authority.
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-Created to generate and sell electricity to the public at cheap rates
-Built dams for water access and to decrease flooding |
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Explain the Economy Act.
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-Established the Federal Deposit Insurance Corportation
-This act insures your deposits today |
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What ended the Depression?
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WWII, because it gave jobs to a lot of people.
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Who was Adolf Hitler?
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-Nazi ruler of Germany, beginning in 1933
-On a mission to prove the Superiority of Aryan (German) people which were called the master race. -Anti-semitic (against jews) -He set out to expand Germany to provide terroritory for the "master race" |
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Explain the 1936 Olympics.
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-AKA the Hilter Olympics
-Hitler set out to prove that the German "Aryan" people were the dominant race. -Jesse Owens, and african american from the US defied Hitler's predictions by winning many medels and setting many Olympic records. -Hitler was so angry he walked out of the Olympic games. |
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Explain the Holocaust.
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-Mission to exterminate jews from Europe
-Started in 1935 -Jews were rounded up and sent to concentration camps in Germany and Poland to be systematically murdered (included were jews, poles, homosexuals, communists, and the handicapped.) -Millions of jews fled to europe to seek refuge |
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What was the result of the Holocaust?
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-Over 6 million jews were killed and 4 million others
-All together 10 million people. |
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Explain the St. louis.
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-In 1939 the st. louis (passanger ship) transported 900 jews fleeing germany
-The ship tried to dock at various ports in country after country (mexico, paraguay, argentia, costa rica, cuba, and the US) and were turned away -The ship returned to Europe and passangers were distributed amoung Britain France Holland Beliguim |
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Explain what occured with Joe Lweis v. Max Schmeling.
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-Both men were boxers
-Max Schmeling was a jewish boxer from Germany -Joe Lewis was a black man from the US -Firt match Schmeling won and he became a privledged citizen of Germany -Hilter was using Schmeling to prove to the world that he was not killing jews -Schmeling was questioned by press about the holocaust and he denied any killing of jews oven though he knew it was true (per hitler's instructions) -Joe Lewis won the remathc and Schmeling was made an outcast in Germany |
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Who was Benito Mussolini?
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-Fascist leader of Italy.
-His rule began in 1922 -Joined Hitler not because he agreed with him, only because he did not want Hitler to take over Italy. -He was a dictator just like hitler. |
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Who is Hirohito?
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-Japan formed an expanisonist government under his rule as emperoer
-In 1931 Japan attacked and conquered China's territory of Menchuria |
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What does Expansionsim mean?
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The idea of expanding one's country as much as possible by any means.
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Explain the Good neighbor policy 1933.
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-Says "no state has the right to intervene in the international or external affairs of another (contradicted the monroe doctrine and the roosevelt corollary)
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Explain the Cash and Carry Act.
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-1937, the cash and carry policy was passed stating that warring nations could purchase only non-military goods from the US by cash only (no loans) and must provide thier own shipping.
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Explain the Quarantine Speech of 1937.
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-Japan attacks Manchuria again in 1937
-Roosevelt stated "agressors should be quarantined by the international community" to prevent the war from spreading. -Basically cut those counties off -Japan responded by bombing a US gunboat on the Yangtze river in China. -The japanese claimed it was an accident and the US accepted their apologies |
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What are some examples of Isolationism of the US during WWII.
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-Good neighbor policy
-Neutrality Act -Cash adn Carry Act -Quarantine Speech |
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Explain the Neutrality Act.
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Porhibited armed merchant ships from entering or leaving US ports.
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Explain Appeasment.
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-In 1938 Nazi forces annexed Austria and focused on Czechslovakia and Poland
-Czech needed help in stopping Hitler -Hitler met with British and French in Munich -Britain and France accepted Hitler's demands to seize Czech's territory if he promised no more expansionism (appeasement) -However hitler occupied the rest of czech and threatened to attack poland -Britain and France assured Poland they would help in case of an attack. |
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Who is Stalin?
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-Leader of the Soviet Union
-Was offended that he was not invided to the munich conference -He expected no help from western nations if hitler attacked -In response he signed a non-aggression pact with hitler in 1939. |
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Explain the non aggression pact between stalin and hitler.
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-Means they will not attack each other.-it was nullified in 1941 when nazi forced attacked the soviet union
-stalin was upset -US extended the lend lease act to the soviet union and soviet union and britain became allies |
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What offically begins WWII.
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Hitler attacked poland on Sept. 1939.
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What are the main causes of WWII?
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-Japan Germany and Italty wanted to rule the world
-It was baout expansionism -They signed the Tripartite pact |
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Explain the Tripartite Pact.
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-Between japan germany and italy
-A defensice alliance -they became allies. |
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What did Hitler and Mussolini do to france?
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Attacked france causing france to fall to a new french regime under control of nazi german troops.
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Explain the Burke-Wadsworth Act.
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-The US began internal preparations for war
-Passed sept. 1940 -It was the first peactime military draft in US history. |
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Explain the Lend Lease Act.
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Says britain could borrow weapons from US as long as they promised to return them after the war.
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What did Japan do that effected the US in 1941?
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-In 1941 Japan attacked the pacific islands
-The US then froze japanes assets in the US which denied them access to oil, scrap iron, and other goods for it war machines. -Genereal Hideki Tojo seized control of the japanese governemnt 1941 and persuaded emperor Hirohito to agree to destroy american naval bases in the pacific (pearl harbor) -Americans decoded a japanese message indicating an attack -But there was some confusion on where the attack would be. |
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Explain Peral Harbor.
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-Sunday Dec. 7 1941 japanese bombers attacked the US naval at pearl harbor, hawaii.
-One hour later japan attacked again -Over 2400 soliders were killed and US battleships and airplanes were destroyed -Japan continued to attack american airfields -American forces were now handicapped in the pacific -This was the 2nd time the US was attacked on its own soil (1st time was the war of 1812 by the british) |
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When was war declared with the US?
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-Dec 11 1941 germany and italy ddeclared war on the US and in return the US declared war on Japan and its allies
-Japan took control of part of the US owned Aleutian islands in alaska. |
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What happened to Japanese Americans after the attack on Peral Harbor?
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-After Pearl Harbor racial animosity reached Japanese Americans that had never been to Japan.
-More than 100,000 were rounded up and sent to concentration camps in western mountains and deserts in the US -They were thought to be in conspiracy with Japan against the US -These victims spent up to 3 years in these camps. |
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Who is Hideki Tojo?
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Japanese General
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Who was Harry S Truman?
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Roosevelt's vice president
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Explain the Navajo Code Talkers.
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-The japanese had broken every American code over the radio and by tapping the telephone lines
-The US marines used over 400 Navajo Natives to send codes across the radio and telephonesin their native language) to stump the japanese. -The Navajo language was orally handed down language -These were the only codes the Japanese could not break. |
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Explain the Tuskegee Airmen.
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-Blacks were not allowed in the marines or the Air Corp because they believed blacks were not smart enough to be pilots.
-Tuskegee Institue had a flying programs that trained blacks to be pilots for the military -Eleanor Roosevelt went to the school and asked if blacks could fly planes -A black pilot responded by giving her a ride -Eleanor accepted in spite of objections -By next spring black pilots were inducted into the US Army air corp -The tuskegee airmen were very effective in WWII serving as escorts. |
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Explain the Zoot Suit Riot.
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-Lots of mexicans came to the US during the war to fill the labor shortage on the Pacific coast.
-Lots of mexican american neighborhoods were on the rise which caused ethnic tension -In 1943 animosity towards zoot suiters (young mexican american gang members who wore suit suits) by the white community caused a 4 day riot in LA -Zoot suiters were accused of attacking servicemen -US sailors invaded a mex-american neighborhood and attacked zoot suiters -LA then passed a law prohibiting the wearing of zoot suits. |
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What happened at the end of the War?
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-1944 allied forces invaded france and freed it from nazi control
-Jan 1945 russian soldiers attacked germany and britain and US followed this weakened german forces -April 30 1945 Hitler killed himself and a few weeks later german forces surrendered. |
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What happened during the Battle of Okinawa?
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-Japan sent kamikazes (suicide pilots) to inflict damage on allied forces
-The allied forces fire bombed tokyo killing 80,000 |
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Explain the Manhattan Project.
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-Einstein (german scientist) warned Roosevelt that germany was making atomic weapons and the US must do the same
-US and Britain were in a race to beat Germany in the development of an atomic bomb (a weapon more powerful than any before it)starting in 1939 -Engineers from manhattan took over the project in hidden labs (oak ridge tn) worked to complete bomb -In july of 1945 a bomb was tested in New Mexico and was a success -When President Truman succeeded roosevelt after his death and gave Japan an ultimatum of surrendering by aug 3 1945 -Not getting a reply on aug 6 1945 the US dropped the a-bomb on Hiroshima, killing over 80,000 civilians. -Still not getting a response from Japan the US dropped a bomb on Nagasaki killing 100,000 |
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When did Japan surrender?
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Sept 2 1945
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What were the results of the war?
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-Over 14 million died in WWII not including civilians
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What did the atomic do?
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-Ended WWII
-Made US the leading world power. |
