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150 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The arrival of the first Native Americans in North America coincided with
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the beginning of the last ice age.
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Indians are descended from
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Asians
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Paleo-Indians spread over the North American continent
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in small kinship groups
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Among the Archaic Indians, men had primary responsibility for
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Hunting, fishing, tool making, and war
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The Anasazi culture of the Southwest declined because of
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drought
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Native American peoples practiced
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both war and diplomacy
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Cahokia was
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a populous mound city
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The Pueblo Indians lived
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in the Southwest
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In the period before 1492, most Europeans were
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peasant farmers
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The nation that led in Atlantic exploration in the fifteenth century was
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Portugal
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The Renaissance furthered
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the rise of learning
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The rise of the middle classes in Europe in the period before the Age of Discovery went hand in hand with
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the expansion of the cities
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The Spanish empire in America was NOT based on
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the idealism of the conquistadores
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In their explorations the conquistadores sought
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wealth
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What was responsible for the drastic decline of the Indian population after contact with the Europeans?
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Disease
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The Columbian exchange provided what for the Europeans?
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Corn
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The Treaty of Tordesillas
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divided ownership of the Americas between the Portuguese and the Spanish
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The Reformation in Europe
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was led by the Protestants
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The Puritans wished to reform the Church of England by
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purifying the church of Roman Catholic rituals
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Samuel de Champlain
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established the French colony of Canada
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Raleigh's purposes in founding the Roanoke colony did NOT include
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extermination of the Indians
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Joint stock companies in England aided the colonization effort by
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raising funds
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The prosperity of the Chesapeake colonies resulted from
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the cultivation of tobacco
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Plymouth was settled by the
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Pilgrims
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In coming to America, the Pilgrims sought
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religious freedom for themselves
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The concept of a "city on a hill" referred to the Puritans' desire to
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be a model of Christianity
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Harvard College was founded to train
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ministers
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New England local government was based on
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towns
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The first colony to practice some form of religious toleration was
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Rhode Island
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During the seventeenth century, the greatest extremes of inequality were found in
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the West Indies
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The most visible environmental effect of English land use in the American colonies was
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deforestation
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After 1660, the English
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established new colonies
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Which of the following was NOT one of the middle colonies? New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, or Delaware
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Maryland
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The Glorious Revolution in England resulted in the most violence in which American colony?
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New York
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The colony of South Carolina grew wealthy by cultivating
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rice
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What was NOT one of the causes of the Salem witchcraft panic
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belief in science
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The most important administrative agency set up by William and Mary to run the colonies was
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the Board of Trade
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What group had the LEAST to do with the day-to-day administration of local government in the colonies?
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The colonial courts
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Colonial legislatures and royal governors contested
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Control of revenue, introduction of legislation, choice of the speaker of the assembly, and land grants
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The colony that had a black majority in the eighteenth century was
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South Carolina
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What was NOT one of the major causes of the increase in colonial population?
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Intermarriage with the Indians
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Women and men in the colonies
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generally worked separate from one another
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Colonial cities in the eighteenth century
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increased in population
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What group of colonists did not live in ethnic enclaves?
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The English
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Benjamin Franklin
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believed in improvement of living conditions
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In the Great Awakening,
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some congregations split into two opposing camps
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The French and Indian War
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gained the British control of Canada
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The Albany Plan of Union
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was intended to enable the colonies to work together during the French and Indian War
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The reason why the British defeated the French in the French and Indian War was that
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the French could not resupply themselves, the British controlled the seas, the Indians decided on neutrality, and the colonist and the British cooperated.
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George Grenville's plan to "reform" the colonies would have
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forced the colonies to obey the Navigation Acts
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Because of the Proclamation of 1763,
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some Americans began to see a conspiracy in Britain against American liberty
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In the stamp tax controversy, Patrick Henry
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persuaded the Virginia legislature to adopt resolutions of protest
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Samuel Adams was an important Whig leader because
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he had written treaties on government that opposed tyranny
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The committees of correspondence
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allowed the Whigs in Massachusetts to communicate with leaders in other colonies
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The so-called Coercive Acts of 1774
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shut the port of Boston
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In 1774, the protesting Americans blamed the social crisis on
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corruption in England
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The Loyalists represented approximately what percent of the population?
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20 percent
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Which of the following people would most likely be a revolutionary in 1776?
A royal governor, A Roman Catholic Canadian, A Quaker, A Huron Indian, A Massachusetts merchant |
A Massachusetts merchant
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During the war, Americans were victorious at all of the following battles except:
Trenton, Princeton, Saratoga, Long Island, Yorktown |
Long Island
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All of the following states either ended slavery or arranged for its gradual dissoultion between 1776 and 1804 except:
New York, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, Maryland, New Hampshire |
Maryland
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A shortage of trained soldiers was NOT a difficulty the British faced prosecuting the war. True or False
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True
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Revolutionary society was marked by
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little improvement of women's condition
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All the new state governments incorporated the basic principle of
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republicanism
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In the Federal Constitution of 1787,
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a system of "dual sovereignty" was erected
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By the 1780's, the agriculture of the South was producing significant quantities of all but:
Corn, Wheat, Cotton, Hogs, Tobacco |
Cotton
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President George Washington's leadership style is best described as
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deference to Congress on domestic issues and strong leadership on foreign policy
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The leading domestic policymaker in Washington's administration was
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Alexander Hamilton
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Hamilton's plan for improving the financial status of the new nation included all EXCEPT:
A national bank, excise taxes, funding the national debt, expansion to the west, assumption of state debts |
expansion to the west
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The first rebellion against the federal government occurred in
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the Whiskey Rebellion
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The person least likely to be a follower of the Republican Party in 1796 would have been
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a New England minister
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Thomas Jefferson believed that the most vigilant and virtuous citizens were
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educated yeomen farmers
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What constitutional principle was established in Marbury v. Madison (1803)?
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The Supreme Court could review federal statues for their constitutionality
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British "impressment" involved
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seizure of sailors from American ships
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Which region of the country strenuously opposed the Embargo Act of 1808?
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New England
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The United States declared war on Britain in 1812 for all the following reasons EXCEPT:
a. the desire to seize Canada b. the desire to gain trade rights in the West Indies c. Britain's violation of America's rights as a neutral nation. d. the demands of the war hawks. e. the desire to help France win the war in Europe. |
the desire to help France win the war in Europe
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One reason why New England became the country's first industrial region was because
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it had a surplus of cheap labor
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A major difference between the New England "putting out" or cottage textile industry and the corportate textile factories of Waltham and Lowell was NOT
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the demand for high moral standards among the workers
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Between 1840 and 1860, railroads in America
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spread all over the eastern U.S.
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Among the preconditions of the spread of elite culture in middle period America, one should NOT include
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the invention of the camera
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In the antebellum period, middle-class women joined
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Charitable organizations, literary clubs, the temperance movement, and evangelical churches
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According to the doctrine of "separate spheres,"
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middle class women and men agreed to a "separate but equal doctrine."
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What was a reason for the decline in birthrate among antebellum white women?
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Abstinence and contraception
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The Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments called for
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civil rights for women
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Reformism in the middle period of American history
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often revolved around the personality of a powerful or charismatic leader
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Abolitionists were
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opposed to slavery
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One of the consequences of abolitionist agitation was
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a fortress-like mentality in the South
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The members of the Oneida Community
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renounced private property
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The section of the country most opposed to tariffs in the 1820's and 1830's was
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the Southeast
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The reason for Andrew Jackson's popularity was
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his reputation as a general, his success as a planter, his personal appearance, his views on Indians
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The theory that a state may override a fedal law is called
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nullification
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Removing officials from the other party and replacing them with those from your own party in the Jacksonian period was called
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the spoils system
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In the nullification crisis,
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John C. Calhoun developed the doctrine of a compact theory of union
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In the 1840's and 1850's, the most numerous immigrant group was
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the Irish
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Slavery in the antebellum South
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allowed some slaves to advance to skilled positions in the economy
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The law of slavery in the antebellum South had its origin in
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the law of Barbados
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Slavery as an economic system owned its continuing strength to
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the cost of labor, the demand of cotton, the sale of slaves, the ability of slaves to work in skilled crafts
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Most slaves responded to their condition with
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the attempt to establish families and control their time and space
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All women in the South
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suffered legal and economic disabilities
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The basic difference between the South and the North in the antebellum period was that
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slavery flourished in the South and was barred by law in the North
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The Mexican-American War
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led to the occupation of California by American troops
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As used in middle period political discussions, "manifest destiny" meant that
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God had ordained that the United States should and would expand to cover the continent
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Northern "free soilers" were united in
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opposition to spread of slavery in the territories
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Which of the following was part of the Compromise of 1850?
a. The admission of Utah as a state b. The organization of the Kansas territory according to the doctrine of popular sovereignty c. The end of slavery in the District of Columbia d. A strong fugitive slave law e. The admission of Texas as a slave state |
A strong fugitive slave law
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Which of the following was NOT true of the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850?
a. It provided for recapture and rendition of suspected runaways without a jury trial b. It laid open abettors of fugitive slaves to federal prosecution. c. It ended federal protection of slavery. d. It led directly to the writing of Uncle Tom's Cabin. e. It brought slavery home to ordinary people in the North. |
It ended federal protection of slavery
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The date 1854 was significant in the history of American sectionalism
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The Kansas-Nebraska Act was proposed
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The term "popular sovereignty" referred to
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allowing residents of a territory the right to choose or reject slavery
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Personal liberty laws in the North in the 1850's
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hampered enforcement of the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850
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The U.S. diplomats at Ostend called for the annexation of
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Cuba
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The new Republican Party of the 1850's drew support from all EXCEPT:
a. Northern Democrats b. Know-Nothings c. Norther Whigs d. Free Soilers e. Southern Democrats |
Southern Democrats
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The main issue on which all Republicans agreed was
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free soil
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The "self-inflicted wound" in the 1850's was
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the Dred Scott decision
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The political party that emerged the strongest from the collapse of the second party system was
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the Republican Party
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John Brown's raid at Harper's Ferry
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aroused Southern fire-eaters
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The basic reason the Civil War occurred was because
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leaders in the North and South were unable to deal with the issue of the expansion of slavery
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After they won the election of 1860 and the Deep South had begun to secede from the Union, the Republicans rejected compromise because they
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believed that moderate Southerners would eventually gain control of the situation
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The Election of 1860 was a last straw for the South because
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no one in the South could be sure of what Lincoln or the Republicans would do
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The Upper South seceded when Lincoln
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called for 75,000 militiamen to put down the rebellion
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The Union and Confederate armies were largely composed of
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volunteers
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The most effective way that the North and South found to finance the war was to
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print money
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The Union was more politically unified than the Confederacy because
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the Republicans put aside their differences to support the war effort
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The Civil War was the first modern war because
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it relied upon new technologies
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The "anaconda" was
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the blockade of the Confederacy by the U.S. Navy
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During much of the war, the eastern theater of battle was marked by
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stalemate
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During the Civil War, slaves
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ran to Union lines when they could
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The Emancipation Proclamation
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freed slaves in areas in rebellion
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At the Battle of Gettysburg,
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the Union army defeated the Confederate army
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The most difficult objective for Union armed forces proved to be
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the taking of Richmond
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After 1863, Lincoln refused to exchange prisoners of war with the Confederacy unless it
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included black troops
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Northern morale dipped sharply after
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Grant's Virginia Campaign in the spring of 1864
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The Thirteenth Amendment
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made slavery unconstitutional
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The most difficult question the Union faced during Reconstruction was
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the treatment of ex-slaves in the South
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The "10 percent plan"
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would have quickly restored the Union
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Andrew Johnson
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was a Southern Democrat
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The black codes enacted by Southern states under presidential reconstruction
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denied freedmen basic rights
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The moderate and radical wings of the Republican Party reunited when President Johnson vetoed
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the extension of the Freedman's Bureau
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The Reconstruction Act of 1867
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divided the South into military districts
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Radical Republicans favored
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legal equality for blacks
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The Fifteenth Amendment
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said that no one could be denied the right to vote on the basis of race or color
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Biracial government during Reconstruction meant that
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blacks were able for the first time to engage in self-government in the South
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Most "carpetbaggers" came south to
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engage in business
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The "New South" referred to the idea that
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businessmen would dominate Southern life
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For the ex-slaves, freedom first meant
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the ability to search for and reunite with family members
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The most important spokesmen for the free black communities in the South were
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ministers
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The Ku Klux Klan was
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a terrorist organization
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In sharecropping,
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sharecroppers borrowed seed and paid with a portion of their crops
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President Grant proved himself
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a poor judge of character
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The Credit Mobilier was
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a corrupt scheme in which government officials took payoffs for giving out construction contracts
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"Redemption" referred to
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white Southerners regaining control of state government
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Rutherford B. Hayes's backers promised all BUT the following to the Democrats after the 1876 election:
a. reduction of federal military role in the South. b. internal improvements for the South. c. appointment of Southerners to federal posts. d. support for "redemption." e. higher taxes in the North. |
higher taxes in the North
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The beginnings of "Jim Crow" in the South meant that
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public facilities would be segregated by race
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