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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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first permanent British settlement and date founded
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Jamestown, 1607, John Smith
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Who arrived in America in 1620, where did they land, and why did they come?
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Pilgrims, Cape Cod, religious freedom
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Who established the Massachusetts Bay Colony? (person or persons)
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Puritans
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There were English colonies on the east coast in North America from when to when?
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1620 - 1776
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In June, 1754 the Albany Congress met, attempting to do what?
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To establish political unity in the colonies
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In 1760, the French & Indian War ended. What was its impact on the American colonies (how did this war change the relationship between Britain and the colonies)?
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British government thought that the colonies should share in the expense of the war; therefore, England began taxing the colonies.
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Name (and give the dates) of 2 acts that England imposed on the colonies. Tell how the colonists responded to these acts.
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Townsend Act 1767
Tea Act 1773 Stamp Act 1765 quartering acr 1765 Boycotted |
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What happened on Sept. 5, 1774?
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Continental Congress formed, creating the Declaration of American Rights.
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What was the date of Paul Revere’s ride, why did he ride, and what was the outcome?
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April 18, 1775; to warn the colonists that the Redcoats were coming; Battles of Lexington and Concord.
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Patriots
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– those supporting Independence
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Loyalists
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– those supporting the crown
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What is a republican form of govenrnment?
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A republic is a government in which supreme power is held by the citizens entitled to vote and is exercised by elected officers and representatives governing according to law.
(for the people by the people through voting and carried out through elected officers and officials) |
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What happened on July 4, 1776?
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Declaration of Independence was signed by 56 delegates from 13 colonies
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Why was the Decleration of Independence called “. . . an act of heroism unsurpassed on the battlefield?
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was considered an act of heroism because they were basically signed a death warrant.
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What happened on Oct. 17, 1781
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Battle of Yorktown, ending the Revolutionary War.
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On Sept. 3, 1783, the US and England signed the Treaty of Paris. Name 2 results of this treaty.
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1. acknowledged that the colonies were independent
2. US given all land east of the Mississippi River and north of Florida and Louisiana. |
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When were the Articles of Confederation ratified and in force?
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Mar. 1, 1781.
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The Articles of Confederation created a weak government. Tell/describe the 3 areas of weakness.
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1.Financial weakness
2. Foregin Weakness 3.Domestic weakness 1. Financial weakness national government was always broke and in debt (individual states not much better); gold and silver scarce; inflation of paper money resulted in value plummeting, causing merchants to refuse it; each state could print own money (also worthless) 2.Foreign weakness – France, Spain, and Britain could play on the jealousies between the states to undercut the US’s bargaining power; unable to build and arm navy/army. 3.Domestic weakness – 14 different currencies resulted in economic confusion; national government unable to keep peace within own borders |
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The 1787 Northwest Ordinance focused on the government of the NW territory. Tell how many states this territory could be divided into and tell the 3 stages each had to go through to become a state.
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Could be divided into at least 3, but not more than 5, states
the first stage, region controlled by federal government second stage, territory - 5000 free male inhabitants elect legislature and send a representative to Congress third stage, State - 60,000 free male inhabitants, draw up state constitution Union on equal basis with the other states |
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When was the Constitution proposed?
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Sept. 17, 1787
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When was the Constitution Ratified?
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June 21, 1788.
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Legislative is the Congress what are their duties?
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consists of 2 houses (Senate and House of Representatives);
makes laws (bills must pass both houses in exact form, then sent to the President for his signature or veto; if vetoed Congress can override veto with a 2/3 majority of both houses); power to establish/maintain army/navy, establish Post offices, creates courts, regulate commerce between states declare war raise money. |
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Executive branch lists the presidents duties what are they?
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chief executive
commander-in-chief of armed forces makes suggestions to Congress ensures that laws of the nation are enforced makes treaties with other nations picks many judges (which must be approved by Senate); serves as head of state can veto bills pardon criminals must give yearly state-of-the-Union address. |
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Judicial Branch (Supreme Court) what are their duties?
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uphold Constitution on the federal, state, and local governments
declare laws unconstitutional; defines crimes of treason. |
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Three branches of Government
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Legislative, Executive, Judicial
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Legislative Branch(Congress)
checks and balances to the (Executive Branch) President |
refusing to pass a bill the President wants;
passing a law over the President’s veto; using impeachment powers to remove the President from office; refusing to approve a presidential appointment (Senate only); refusing to ratify a treaty the President has signed (Senate only). |
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Legislative Branch (Congress) checks and balances (Judicial Branch)the federal courts
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changing the number and jurisdiction of the lower courts;
using impeachment powers to remove a judge from office; refusing to approve a person nominated to be a judge. |
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(Executive Branch)President checks and balances to the (Legislative Branch) Congress by
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vetoing a bill it has passed;
withhold information from Congress on the grounds of executive privilege; check the federal courts by nominating judges |
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(Judicial Branch) Courts can check (Legislative Branch)Congress by
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declaring a law unconstitutional;
check the President by declaring his or his subordinates’ actions to be unconstitutional or not authorized by law. |
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Name and give the date of the first state to ratify the Constitution?
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Delaware, 12/7/87
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Name and give the date of the last state to ratify the Constitution?
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Rhode Island, 5/29/1790
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When did NC ratify the Constitution?
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11/21/1789
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Describe the Federalist..
Name 2 key figures.. |
Federalists supported the Constitution/strong central government (James Madison, George Washington)
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Describe the Anti-Federalist..
Name 2 key figures.. |
Anti-Federalists opposed the Constitution (Patrick Henry, Thomas Jefferson)
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The US elected its first president when?
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2/4/1789
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What was the date of US's First presidential inauguration?
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4/30/1789
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When was the Bill of Rights proposed?
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9/25/1789
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When was the Bill of Rights ratified?
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1791
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What are the Bill of Rights and why were they proposed?
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The first 10 amendments to the Constitution; they were proposed to protect individual rights. Many people were concerned that the Constitution would trample people’s rights and therefore, were not in favor of the Constitution. Madison pledged his Anti-Federalist foes that he would introduce these rights in the first Congress
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When was Washington’s Farewell Address?
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9/17/1796
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Who was our 3rd president? When was he inaugurated?
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Thomas Jefferson; 3/4/1801
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The US purchased Louisiana from whom? when? how much? What was the result of this purchase?
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France in 1801 for $15 million; nearly doubled the size of US
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What momentous event happened at the Battle of Ft. McHenry in Baltimore?
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“Star Spangled Banner” penned by Francis Scott Key
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Give the date of the Missouri Compromise and tell what it did.
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1820; proposed that Maine enter the Union as a free state and Missouri as a slave state and prohibited slavery north of Missouri’s southern boundary
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The Monroe Doctrine established what 2 principles?
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1. European nations could not intervene in the western hemisphere, except where they already held colonies,
2.US would not meddle in European affairs. (europe not mess with US vice versa) |
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In what year did the Republican and Democratic parties emerge?
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1824
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What was the Manifest Destiny and what impact did it have on America?
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Americans asserted that some “higher power” had given the whole continent to US; US acquired more and more land.
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On March 4, 1840, James Calhoun gave a speech entitled “The Slavery Question.” According to him, America was on the brink of a major showdown. What 2 problems did he say were leading up to this showdown? Who was this showdown between?
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1) An imbalance of representatives in Congress – as more and more territories were brought into the Union, they were entering Union as free state, which resulted in more representatives in Congress with anti-slavery views.
2) An undue proportion of the burden of taxation imposed upon the South with an undue proportion of the proceeds going to the North. The showdown was between the North and the South. |
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Give the date of the Dred Scott v. Sanford Supreme Court case and tell how the court ruled.
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1857; the court ruled that blacks were property of their slave masters and were not afforded the rights stated in the Constitution and Amendments.
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SC secedes
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Dec. 20, 1860
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When did the Confederate States of America form (7 southern states)
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Feb. 7, 1861
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Date Battle of Ft. Sumter, SC begins the Civil War
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April 12, 1861
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Give the date of Abraham Lincoln’s “Emancipation Proclamation”. Tell what it did.
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1/1/1863; declared all slaves in the secession states to be freed, excluding slaves in the Union’s border states and in Confederate territories already under Union control.
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What is the 13th Amendment? When was it ratified?
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Prohibits slavery; 1865
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What is the 14th Amendment and when was it ratified?
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Full rights to blacks; 1868
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What is the 15th Amendment and when was it ratified?
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Race can’t be a criteria to vote; 1870
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On May 10, 1869, the Transcontinental Railroad was completed. Tell how this affected the US.
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This opened the door for people to settle more and more of the west.
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Who was the 26th president? What was the date he took office?
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Theodore Roosevelt; 9/14/1901
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What era did T. Roosevelt usher in? Compare the political philosophies of the Progressives with those of our founding fathers.
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Progressive Era; founding fathers limited government with limited powers,
the Progressives expanding government with expanding powers |
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What were T. Roosevelt’s views regarding international affairs?
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He was interested in the US being more actively involved in international affairs
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What was the third political party T. Roosevelt formed in 1912?
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Progressive Party
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Who won the 1912 presidential election? What was his view of America’s “Destiny?”
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Woodrow Wilson; he viewed America’s destiny to be one of promoting democracy and peace
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What is the 16th Amendment and when was it ratified?
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Federal income tax; 1913
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On June 28, 1919, the 4 Allied leaders met to sign the Treaty of Versailles. What did Wilson push for? Describe this and tell why some opposed it.
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Wilson pushed for the League of Nations. This was to be a “general association of nations” that would provide a forum for settling international disputes. Wilson’s biggest opponent was Henry Cabot Lodge, who feared that unqualified support for the league could drag Americans into future
European wars by tying the US into unwanted alliances. |
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Tell about America’s foreign policy during the Roaring 20s
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During the Roaring 20s, America’s foreign policy focused on isolationism.
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