Advanced Med. Transcription Study 2

Front 1

GERD is the acronym for what?

Back 1

gastroesophageal reflux disease

Front 2

How many leads are in a standard electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG)?

Back 2

12

Front 3

What are the ABC's of trauma?

Back 3

Airway - secure clear airway and control cervical spine
Breathing - treat hypoventilation, severe chest injury
Circulation - control hemorrage and treat shock

Front 4

Describe Trendelenburg position in surgery.

Back 4

Lying supine with head tilted down at 30 to 40 degrees, so head is lower than feet.

Front 5

Describe Sims' position in surgery.

Back 5

Lying on the left side, right knee and thigh flexed, left arm parallel to the back.

Front 6

Describe Lithotomy position in surgery, and what specialty uses it.

Back 6

Lying on the back with legs lifted and separated, appropriate for GYN surgery.

Front 7

Name the autoimmune disorder in which immune cells attack and destroy the glands that produce tears and saliva. It affects primarily post-menopausal women.

Back 7

Sjogren syndrome.

Front 8

Inflammation and damage to blood vessels that supply the head area, particularly the large or medium arteries that branch from the neck is called what?

Back 8

Temporal arteritis.

Front 9

Name the chronic condition characterized by widespread pain in the muscles, ligaments and tendons, as well as fatigue and multiple tender points or trigger points.

Back 9

Fibromyalgia

Front 10

A bag used in endoscopic surgery into which an organ or object is paced so that it can be removed through one of the tiny abdominal lesions is called what?

Back 10

EndoCatch

Front 11

What is a Hasson cannula?

Back 11

trade name for a tube that is inserted into a duct or cavity.

Front 12

What is morcellation?

Back 12

Method of removing a fetus, tumor, or organ by pieces.

Front 13

What does the term insufflate mean?

Back 13

1. To introduce a gas or air into the lungs.
2. To blow a medicated powder or medicinal vapor into a cavity.

Front 14

TUNA is an acronym for what?

Back 14

transurethral needle ablation - a new procedure for BPH in which the tissue is destroyed with low-level radio frequency energy.

Front 15

What is a choledocholithotomy?

Back 15

incision of the common bile duct to remove calculi (stones).

Front 16

An x-ray of the gallbladder and bile ducts done during surgery is called what?

Back 16

intraoperative cholangiogram

Front 17

Catgut, Tevdek, and Chromic are all types of what?

Back 17

suture materials

Front 18

What is adhesiolysis?

Back 18

separation; destruction of adhesions

Front 19

Davidson grasper is the trade name for what type of equipment?

Back 19

surgical equipment to grasp tissue

Front 20

Endoloop is a trade name for what?

Back 20

a disposable suture ligature

Front 21

Hasson cannula is a trade name for what type of surgical tool?

Back 21

a tube that is inserted into a duct or cavity

Front 22

What does morcellated mean?

Back 22

piecemeal removal of a tumor or solid tissue

Front 23

What is the difference between excision and incision?

Back 23

excision means to cut out or off, incision means to cut into

Front 24

activated charcoal (AC) can be used to treat what?

Back 24

poisoning

Front 25

A small spot on the skin or mucous membrane forming a nonelevated, blue or purplish patch is called what?

Back 25

a bruise or ecchymosis (pl. ecchymoses)

Front 26

What is erythema?

Back 26

redness of the skin produced by abnormal accumulation of blood

Front 27

Any fluid that has escaped from blood vessels and been deposited in tissues, usually due to inflammation is called what?

Back 27

exudate

Front 28

What is fissuring?

Back 28

splitting, normal or otherwise; can include painful ulcerations

Front 29

What chronic inflammatory disease primarily involves the small and large intestine, as well as other parts of the digestive system?

Back 29

Crohn's disease

Front 30

What is the most widely used scoring system used in quantifying level of consciousness following traumatic brain injury?

Back 30

Glasgow coma score

Front 31

The arrest of bleeding due to a physiological process (vasoconstriction and coagulation) or by surgical means is called what?

Back 31

hemostasis

Front 32

What is monopolar cautery?

Back 32

burning using an instrument with a single electrical pole

Front 33

What is bipolar cautery?

Back 33

electrocautery with a device having two probes or needles, between which current flows through the tissue

Front 34

1-0 Vicryl is an example of what?

Back 34

a suture material

Front 35

A Jackson-Pratt drain (J-P drain) is the trade name for a surgical tool that does what?

Back 35

draws out fluid as it forms in a cavity

Front 36

A Kocher clamp is the trade name for what type of surgical instrument?

Back 36

a heavy, straight surgical instrument with interlocking teeth on the tip

Front 37

What is an interrupted stitch?

Back 37

each stitch is made with a separate piece of material

Front 38

What is Novalfil?

Back 38

a type of suture material

Front 39

The phrase "waxed and waned" refers to what?

Back 39

symptoms that come and go

Front 40

Herbal medicines (tea), massage therapy and acupuncture are traditional therapies in what type of alternative medicine?

Back 40

traditional Chinese medicine

Front 41

Name the condition of low serum antibodies caused by an inherited (X-linked recessive trait) B lymphocyte dysfunction.

Back 41

agammaglobulinemia

Front 42

SMA is an abbreviation for what?

Back 42

sequential multiple analyzer; a machine for automated chemical analysis of the blood or serum

Front 43

GPT is an abbreviation for what type of lab test?

Back 43

glutamic-pyruvic transaminase; checks liver function

Front 44

SOB is medical jargon for what?

Back 44

shortness of breath

Front 45

What are diverticula?

Back 45

abnormal pouches or sacs in the intestinal wall

Front 46

A stemlike connected growth or mass protruding from the mucous membrane is called what?

Back 46

sessile polyp

Front 47

A snare is a surgical instrument used for what?

Back 47

excising stemlike connected growths by excising them at their base

Front 48

McBurney's sign (tenderness located 2/3 distance from anterior iliac spine to umbilicus on right side) is indicative of what condition?

Back 48

appendicitis

Front 49

Murphy's sign (abrupt interruption of inspiration on palpation of right upper quadrant) is indicative of what condition?

Back 49

acute cholecystitis

Front 50

Kehr's sign (severe left shoulder pain) can be indicative of which two conditions?

Back 50

splenic rupture or ectopic pregnancy

Front 51

Cullen's sign (bluish periumbilical discoloration) can be indicative of which two conditions?

Back 51

hemorrhagic pancreatitis or abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture

Front 52

BPH is the most common disease of the male reproductive system. What is it?

Back 52

benign prostatic hypertrophy; the prostate enlarges due to excessive growth of tissue and eventually blocks the male urethra.

Front 53

What is induration?

Back 53

the quality of tissue or an organ being hard; the process of hardening

Front 54

What is hyperplasia?

Back 54

an abnormal increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ

Front 55

Painful or difficult urination is called what?

Back 55

dysuria

Front 56

The formation of calculi or mineral concretions within the body is called what?

Back 56

lithiasis

Front 57

What is Battle's sign and what does it indicate?

Back 57

bruising immediately behind the ears; indicates skull fracture at the base of the posterior portion of the skull and may suggest underlying brain trauma

Front 58

Vertical midline, midabdominal transverse, McBurney muscle-splitting, subcostal, Pfannenstiel, thoracoabdominal, and upper inverted-U are all types of what?

Back 58

abdominal incisions

Front 59

What is spondylolisthesis?

Back 59

an abnormal condition in which one vertebra has a forward displacement over another vertebra, due either to a fracture or a congenital defect

Front 60

What is the name of a blood condition in which the erythrocytes are abnormally small?

Back 60

microcytosis

Front 61

What is hyperlipidemia?

Back 61

increased concentration of lipids in the plasma

Front 62

The presence of nitrogenous compounds in the blood due to malfunctioning kidneys is called what?

Back 62

azotemia

Front 63

What are corpora amylacea?

Back 63

small hyaline masses of degenerate cells found in the prostate

Front 64

What are granulomata?

Back 64

tumorlike masses or nodules consisting of granulation tissue

Front 65

HCTZ (hydrochlorothiazide) is what type of medication? What does it treat?

Back 65

a generic diuretic used to treat edema and hypertension

Front 66

Hydroxychloroquine is a generic drug used to treat what?

Back 66

rheumatoid arthritis

Front 67

Lidex gel is the trade name for what type of drug?

Back 67

a topically applied anti-inflammatory agent

Front 68

NSAID is the abbreviation for what?

Back 68

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

Front 69

What is the difference between cryocauterization, electrocauterization, and fulguration?

Back 69

cryocauterization destroys tissue by freezing, electrocauterization destroys by burning, fulguration destroys by using electric sparks generated by high-frequency current.

Front 70

Surgical instruments used to dilate a structure or to detect a foreign body are called what?

Back 70

van Buren sounds

Front 71

What is creatinine?

Back 71

a waste product of protein metabolism excreted in the urine; a blood test to check kidney function

Front 72

A catheter placed in the bladder and retained by a balloon for the purpose of draining urine from the bladder is called what?

Back 72

Foley catheter

Front 73

What is the French scale?

Back 73

a scale used for indicating the size of catheters and other tubular instruments, based on the measurement of each unit being approximately equivalent to 0.33 mm in diameter; i.e. 1mm = #3 French.

Front 74

The disease characterized by regurgitation of stomach contents into the esophagus is called what?

Back 74

GERD - gastroesophageal reflux disease

Front 75

What does lavage mean?

Back 75

washing out of a hollow cavity or organ by copious injection and rejections of fluid.

Front 76

Vertical mattress is a type of wound closure used for what?

Back 76

closing skin

Front 77

What is approximation?

Back 77

deep tissue closure

Front 78

Connell is a type of wound closure used for what?

Back 78

anastomosis

Front 79

What is a figure-of-eight wound closure?

Back 79

sutures in which the thread follows the contours of a figure eight

Front 80

Treatment with aspirin, heparin and clopidogrel, with intravenous glyceryl trinitrate and opioids if pain persists is the accepted management for what condition?

Back 80

unstable angina and acute coronary syndrome

Front 81

What is the difference between a colectomy and a colpectomy?

Back 81

colectomy is excision of all or part of the colon; colpectomy is the surgical removal of the vagina.

Front 82

What type of medication is used for the symptomatic relief of angina?

Back 82

short-acting nitroglycerin medications

Front 83

What is the difference between hematochezia and melena?

Back 83

hematochezia is the passage of bloody stool; melena is the passage of black stool

Front 84

What is Stevens-Johnson syndrome?

Back 84

a severe, sometimes fatal multisystemic form of erythema multiforme

Front 85

What is a Lund Browder Chart used for?

Back 85

to evaluate extensiveness of burns

Front 86

What is Dukes Classification used for?

Back 86

categorizes the degree of operable adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum

Front 87

Syrup of Ipecac belongs to which class of drugs?

Back 87

emetic - a substance that induces vomiting when administered orally or by injection.

Front 88

Silvadene (silver sulfadiazine) ointment is what type of drug, and what is it used for?

Back 88

antibacterial ointment used to lower the chance of infection of a burn

Front 89

What is the difference between general anesthesia, spinal anesthesia, and a local agent?

Back 89

local agent anesthetizes a small specific area of the body, spinal anesthesia stops all sensation from the waist down, and general anesthesia is the complete loss of sensation to the entire body.

Front 90

What is moxibustion?

Back 90

the use of dried herbs in acupuncture

Front 91

Zyrtec, Claritin, and Allegra are all commonly prescribed _________.

Back 91

antihistamines

Front 92

Disalcid is a trade name for what type of drug? What does it treat?

Back 92

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug used to treat minor pain, fever, and arthritis

Front 93

FFP is an abbreviation for what?

Back 93

fresh frozen plasma

Front 94

What type of drug is Zithromax (azithromycin)?

Back 94

antibiotic

Front 95

Vicodin-Tuss is the trade name for a medication used to treat what?

Back 95

cough suppressant

Front 96

What is a Z-Pak?

Back 96

A package of medication containing six capsules of 250 mg each Zithromax.

Front 97

Flexeril is what type of medication?

Back 97

muscle relaxer

Front 98

Lortab is what type of medication?

Back 98

pain relief, analgesic

Front 99

What is the difference between supine and prone?

Back 99

supine is lying on the back, prone is lying on the belly