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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Signs of approaching death
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weak, rapid pulse, low BP
dyspnea/apnea bowel/bladder incontinence elvated temp, cold extremities decrease urin, slow pupil resp |
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Neoplasm
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Abnormal mass or tumor
(maligant or begnign) |
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stages of death(kubler-ross)
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denail
anger bargianing depression acceptance |
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Signs and symptoms of cancer
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(CAUTION from ACS)
Change in bowel/bladder A sore that no heal Unusual bleeding Thickenig of lump/tissue Indigestion difficulties Obivious change of mole/wort Nagging cough/hoarseness |
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physical care needs in hospice
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pain control
resp distress nutrition status constipation family, caregivers...support |
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oncologic problems
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low WBC and platelets,
nutritional probs, pain, hypercalcemia, fatique, psychosocail issues, alopecia |
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Surgery and Immunotherpay for treatment of cancer
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-surgery palliative, curative or reconstructive
-immunotherapy stimulates bodys immune system (side effects less severe) |
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Cancer treatment options
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chemotherapy
Radiation Surgery Immunotherapy Supportive care(Palliative) |
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Cancerous tumors
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carcinoma(tiss..skin,resp,GI)
sarcoma(connective tiss) lympoma(lymph tiss) melanoma(skin cells) leukemia(bld, marrow) |
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External radiation
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before or after surgery
use to palliate care usually done as outpatient painless, only 3 mn radiation sickness can occur |
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Diagnostic test for cancer
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complete history/physical
ultrasound x-ray, CT, MRI endoscopic exam biopsy(only way for sure) tumor markers |
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Nursing interventions for pt with chemotherapy
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only specific RN give drugs
protective equip(gloves) specail handeling(flush twice) monitor site |
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Chemotherapy
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drugs to treat
kills cancer cells ALSO kills noncancerous cells usually more then 1 at a time |
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Side effects of chemotherapy
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vomiting/nausea
alopecia stomatitis(inflam. of mouth) fatigue eletrolyte imbalance |
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Begnign
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non-cancerous mass/tumor
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Hospice care
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(dying should be abele to live last days in comfort)
live how ever want to control pain any way spiritual support family counseling |
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Treatment of cancer pain
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WHO ladder
monitor and treat side effects (nausea/vomiting, constipation, sedation, deprs., pyshcosocial issues) |
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Staging of tumors (to decide type and options of treatment)
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TNM(tumors, nodes, metastasis)
T0=size T1-T4=bigger size, more #) N0-N3=more # and involvment M0-M4=degree of metastasis |
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Radiation
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uses alpha, beta or gamma rays
directly kills/injures affects good and bad cells internal or external |
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maligant
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cancerous mass/tumor
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extravasation
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leakage into the tissue
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Vesicants
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irritation
cause blister or necrosis |
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Oncology
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Branch of medicine dealing with tumors
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Internal radiation
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directly in body
use of radioisotopes (ex.cesium,cobolt,radium) foley catheter(keep empty) awareness of exposure |
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necrosis
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death of tissue
(can be caused by vesicants) |
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Tumor markers
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CEA(carcinoembryoic antigen)
PSA(prostate specific anitgen) CA-125(cancer antigen) CA-19-9(cancer antigen) |
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Risk factors for cancer
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family history,
diet (high fat..) sunlight smoking alcohol |
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stages of death
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denail
anger bargianing depression acceptance |
