Anatomy And Physiology

Front 1

Anatomical Position

Back 1

Standing straight up palms facing forward

Front 2

Supine

Back 2

Flat on back

Front 3

Prone

Back 3

Patient lying face down

Front 4

Proxmial

Back 4

Near the body trunk ( point of reference)

Front 5

Distal

Back 5

Further away from body trunk

(Point of reference)

Front 6

Inversion

Back 6

Turning Inward

Front 7

Eversion

Back 7

Turning Outward

Front 8

Anterior

Back 8

Front of the body

Front 9

Posterior

Back 9

Back of the body

Front 10

Transverse Plane

Back 10

Across, seperates superior plane (top) and inferior plane (bottom)

Front 11

Fowlers Postion

Back 11

Lying on back, upper body elevated

Front 12

Trendlesnberg position

Back 12

on back feet elevated

Front 13

Dorsal

Back 13

Toward back or spine

Front 14

Ventral

Back 14

Toward front or abdomen

Front 15

Ligament

Back 15

Bone to bone

Front 16

Tendon

Back 16

Muscle to bone

Front 17

Abduction

Back 17

outwards (away from the body)

Front 18

Adduction

Back 18

Inwards (towards body)

Front 19

Synovial Fluid

Back 19

Fluid that lubericates joints and prevents friction

Front 20

Flexion

Back 20

Decreasing the angle

Front 21

Extension

Back 21

Increasing the angle

Front 22

Medial

Back 22

Inwards

Front 23

Lateral

Back 23

Outwards

Front 24

Types of Joints

Back 24

Freely movable (hip)

Slightly movable (spine)

Immovable (head)

Joints in limbs are either ball and socket (hip)

or hinge (elbow)

Front 25

Types of bones

Back 25

Long Bones

Short Bones

Flat bones

Irregular bones

Front 26

Label the main bones in the human body

Back 26

Front 27

The vertabrea Coloum

Back 27

Cervical (neck) 7

Thoratic (rib cage) 12

Lumbar (lower back) 5

Sacrum (pelvis) 5

Coccyx (tailbone) 4

Front 28

Types of Muscles

Back 28

Voluntary (skeletal)

Involuntary (Smooth)

Cardiac

Front 29

Label Respirtaory system

Back 29

Front 30

PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, 2 types

Back 30

1. motor nerves, carry impulses from the brain

2. sensory nerves, carry impulses to the brain

Front 31

Sympatheic nervous system

Back 31

Adreleane "fight or flight"

pupils dilate

inhibits flow of salvia

accels heart beat

dilates bronchi

inhibits bladder contractions

Front 32

Parasympethic nervous system

Back 32

"rest and response" (faint)

Stimulates flow of salvia

slows heartbeat

constricts bronchi

stimulates release of bile

contracts bladder

Front 33

Layers of Skin

Back 33

1. Epidermis (top layer)

serveral layers of cells

2. Dermis (middle layer)

sweat and oil glands

sensory nerves

blood vessels

3. Subcantoues Tissue (bottom layer)

acts as an insulator to retain heat

Front 34

Body Systems (relic n drums)

Back 34

Respirtaory system (lungs and treachea that brings air into body)

Excretory system ( Elimates waste from body)

Lympathic system (supplies and drains lympth fluid in support of the cardiovasoular and immune system)

Integumentary system( skin, hair nails sweat)

Cardiovasular system (Circulates blood around the body

Nervous System (collects and processes information)

Digestive system (mechianal and chemical process that provides nutrients via mouth stomach esophagus

Reproductive system ( sex organs)

Urinary system

Muscluar system (enables body to move using muscles)

Sketetal system (bones supporting body and its organs

Front 35

Organs in digestive system

Back 35

R.U.Q

Liver (solid organ): helps food digest, produces a substance called bile, which aids in digestion.

Right Kidney: The primary function of the kidneys is the excretion of waste products resulting from protein metabolism and muscle contraction

Gall Bladder (hollow organ): connected to the underside of the liver, stores bile until required for digestion

Colon (large intenstine, hollow organs) the parts of food that cannot be adsorbed by the body are passed as waste products from the small intenstine to the large intenstine.

Pancreas (solid organ) : produces insulin and pancreatic juices that also aid in digestion

R.L.Q

Appendix

Colon

Small Intestine

Ureter

major vein and artery to right leg

L.U.Q

Stomach (hollow organ) secretes gastric juices that begin to convert food to a form that can be adsorbed by the body

Left Kidney:The primary function of the kidneys is the excretion of waste products resulting from protein metabolism and muscle contraction

Spleen (Solid organ): helps in the production of red blood cells and filtration

Colon

Pancreas (solid organs) produces insulin and pancreatic juices that also aid in digestion

L.L.Q

Colon

Small Intestine

Ureter

major vein and artery to left leg

Front 36

Intercostals

Back 36

contract and open chest cavity

relax and closer chest cavity

Front 37

Expiration

Back 37

Breathing out "positive pressure" active movement of air

Front 38

4 Blood components

Back 38

1. Red Blood Cells (erythocytes)

carry oxygen from heart and lungs to other organs

2. White Blood Cells (leukocytes)

part of the immune system, defend againgst disease, virsus, bacteria etc

3. Platelets

responsible for blood clotting, seals cuts and wounds and forms scabs

4 Plasma

clear liquid that the other 3 travel in

Front 39

Pulse Points

Back 39

Carotid Pulse (neck)

Brachial Pulse (upper arm)

Radial Pulse (wrist)

Femoral Pulse ( femor)

popitical Pulse (behind knee)

Posterior tibal (inside ankle)

Dorsal pedial (down the middle of foot)

Front 40

label skull and head

Back 40

Front 41

Heart Diagram

Back 41

Front 42

Stomach Diagram

Back 42